Transcript Folie 1

Autharchic Power Supply with PV
Autarchic Power Supply with Photovoltaic
SCHOTT SOLAR Thin Film GmbH
Eindhoven – 24 september 2009
Antoon Wesselink
CONFIDENTIAL
Autharchic Power Supply with PV
Function Principle and Materials of PV Modules
Advantages
Typical photo active materials:
•
•
•
•
•
Amorphous Silicon (ASI)
Copper Indium Di-Selenide (CIS)
Cadmium Telluride (CdTe)
Crystalline Silicon (C-Si)
Other materials (i.e. OPV) in R&D
• 0.5-0.7 Vnom per cell
• Module series connection in low voltage (< 48Vnom)
Advantages of a PV powered system:
•
•
•
•
•
No wires, no maintenance
Gives your product added value
Provides better prices and image for your products
Environmental friendly – “Blue Angel” achievable
Co-Branding possible „Powered by Schott Solar“
CONFIDENTIAL
Function principle
Autharchic Power Supply with PV
Thin film technology has low, but increasing and disproportionate
market share with still dominant crystalline products
Trend of PV technologies from 1980-2007
Production share in
technology 1980-2007
Production share in
technology 2007
Thin Film
Ribbon
Si
CdTe
A-Si/u-Si 6%
4%
Ribbon
Silicon
3%
Mono
33%
Poly
Mono
Quelle: Navigant 4/2008
CONFIDENTIAL
CIGS/CIS
1%
Poly
53%
Autharchic Power Supply with PV
Markets of Photovoltaic
Products and common applications
ASI / C-Si (<50 Wp/unit)
ASI / CIS / C-Si (<100 Wp/unit)
95% C-Si (>100 Wp)
On-Grid (kW - MW per system) 4 GW / yearly (23 GW 2012)
Off-Grid (W - kW per system)
500 MW / yearly
Off-Grid Mini Systems (µW – several W per System)
50 MW / yearly
• Outdoor (Consumer products, Automation, Security, Corrosion protection etc.)
• Indoor (Micro electronics, Wireless apps etc.)
• Sensors (Light-/Laser detection, often combined with Power Supply)
CONFIDENTIAL
Autharchic Power Supply with PV
On – Grid
Off – Grid
typical PV-system design
CONFIDENTIAL
Autharchic Power Supply with PV
ASI® OEM
for Indoor applications
CONFIDENTIAL
Autharchic Power Supply with PV
ASI® OEM
for Outdoor applications
CONFIDENTIAL
Autharchic Power Supply with PV
ASI®-F Solar Modules
framed modules for 12V-Applications
CONFIDENTIAL
Autharchic Power Supply with PV
ASI THRU®, ASI OPAK®
transparent and opaque building integration (BIPV)
KOBE Memorial Centre, Japan, 2002
Governmental Building
Paul-Löbbe-Haus), Berlin, 2000
Metro Roof in New York, 2004
World‘s largest BIPV project with Thin film
CONFIDENTIAL
Autharchic Power Supply with PV
ASI® module construction at SCHOTT Solar
a-Si/a-Si
 Integrated cell interconnection
 Durable and solid monolithic
construction
Al / Ni
 Fast and fully automated
 Compatible with all
encapsulation technologies
Backsheet or
CONFIDENTIAL
Autharchic Power Supply with PV
ASI® semiconductor construction at SCHOTT Solar
 TCO cell isolation
1.
2.
~
~ 0.3
0.3 µm
µm
~ 0.1
µm
 PECVD = Plasma enhanced
Chemical vapor deposition
 Silan, Hydrogen, Bor or
Phosphor for positive doping
3.
 ASI Cell isolation
4.
 CVD Sputtering for
Aluminum and Zink-oxide
 Metallization cell isolation,
5.
 Cell series interconnections and
 Module rim isolations
CONFIDENTIAL
Autharchic Power Supply with PV
Measuring conditions for PV-Modules
Electrical Data under laboratory conditions
Outdoor (Standard Test Conditions STC):
• Max. Power in Wp at 1000 W/m²
• Sunlight Spectrum AM 1.5
• 25 °C cell Temperature
*) 1 mW/cm2  1,250 LUX or
1,000 W/m² 125,000 LUX
Indoor (Manufacture Specific):
• Max. Power in mW or µW at 200 LUX
• Usually fluorescence light
• Room temperature
Conclusions:
• Efficiency is not the only quality feature
• More important is energy yield under realistic conditions
• Outdoor to Indoor factor x 500-1,000 higher
CONFIDENTIAL
Autharchic Power Supply with PV
Spectral Response on PV-Technologies
on ASI, C-Si, CIS, CdTe (typical)
ASI
C-Si
CIS
CdTe
Light - Influences:
• Spectrum (nm)
• Irradiation Intensity (W/m² or LUX)
• Irradiation Angle
• Filters (Shadow, Absorption)
CONFIDENTIAL
Autharchic Power Supply with PV
ASI® Indoor Construction
Cell construction for Indoor
„Singel cell PIN“
 Power even at low illumination down to 50 LUX
 Years of unfaltering high performance
CONFIDENTIAL
Autharchic Power Supply with PV
ASI® Electrical Data Indoor
 In outdoor use power will stabilize max. -30% at current
 Voltage very close window in different light density
 Current proportional to light density, can be also used as
light meter (ASI® OEM PIN Sensor)
CONFIDENTIAL
Autharchic Power Supply with PV
ASI® Energy yield Indoor
 Indoor-Outdoor = 1/1000 Power!
 C-Si not for indoor use
CONFIDENTIAL
Autharchic Power Supply with PV
ASI® Outdoor Construction
Cell construction for Outdoor
„Double stacked cell PIN-PIN“
 Covers a broader range of sunlight spectrum
 More Energy per Wp than with crystalline solar cells
at bad illumination conditions
 More stable performance – also after years
CONFIDENTIAL
Autharchic Power Supply with PV
ASI® Electrical Data Outdoor
 Voltage very close window in different light density
 Voltage comes up in low light which is better than C-Si
in weak light
 Current proportional to light density, can be also used
as light sensor
CONFIDENTIAL
Autharchic Power Supply with PV
ASI® Energy yield Outdoor
 20% more energy per Wp in comparison to C-Si in
weak light or high temperature
CONFIDENTIAL
Autharchic Power Supply with PV
ASI® OEM Encapsulation
 Special Solder wire has to be used for Nickel Coating
 Solder points and any other open metal areas has to be
sealed by Lacquer or Silicon
CONFIDENTIAL
Autharchic Power Supply with PV
Characteristics on most common PV-Technologies on
ASI, C-Si, CIS, CdTe (typical)
ASI
CIS
CdTe
C-Si (poly)
C-Si (mono)
µWp-100 Wp
>1-80 Wp
>20-80 Wp
mWp-260 Wp
mWp-300 Wp
400-750
(550) nm
500-900
(700) nm
450-900
(750) nm
500-900
(700) nm
500-900
(700) nm
> 100 LUX
> 50 W/m²
> 50 W/m²
> 50 W/m²
> 1 W/m²
In- / Outdoor
Outdoor
Outdoor
Outdoor
Outdoor
Irradiation angle:
+++
++
+++
min 40°
min 40°
Interfering
(Shade/Absorption):
+++
++
++
voltage drops
significantly
voltage drops
significantly
Pnom: -0.2 %/K
Pnom: -0.3 %/K
Pnom: -0.5 %/K
Pnom: -0.45 %/K
Pnom: -0.45
Efficiency cell
(module):
7-8%
(5-7%)
11-13%
(10-12%)
11-13%
(10-12%)
15%
(4-13%)
17%
(4-15%)
Module Quality:
--- / ++
++
++
--- / ++
--- / ++
Design Flexibility:
Variable
fixed
fixed
high vol
high vol
Recycling / toxics:
+++
--
---
+
+
small - mass
mass
mass
mass
mass
Power Class:
Spectrum (main response):
Irradiation intensity:
Field:
Temperature co-efficiency:
Vol. availability:
(from --- = unfavorable to +++ = optimal, shaded: favorable for Mini PV systems)
CONFIDENTIAL
Autharchic Power Supply with PV
Economical drivers for PV-Systems
Qualify before Product Design is fixed!
PV quality:
•
•
•
•
•
Cell quality (efficiency, energy yield under realistic working conditions, power stability)
Module series connection (electrical shunts, accuracy, tolerances)
Packaging (materials, connections, UV resistance, temperature, long term stability)
Module design flexibility
Tolerance fluctuation between “handmade” and automated manufactured modules
Commercial quality:
•
•
•
Availability in small and mass volumes
Costs per piece or Wp
Integration costs (additional or auxiliary materials, process costs)
Design recommendation:
•
•
•
Balance power and module size
Design appropriate shape (quad-angular)
PV modules can be hidden (i.e. semi- or transparent casing, color print)
CONFIDENTIAL
Autharchic Power Supply with PV
Thank you!
CONFIDENTIAL