Transcript Ecology Review - sewanhaka.k12.ny.us

Ecology Review
1. A _____ is all the members of the same
species that inhabit a particular area.
population
2. The _____ of an organism is its total
role in the community.
niche
3. An _______ possesses both biotic and
abiotic components. ecosystem
1. The _____is the primary source of all Energy on the
Earth.
sunlight
2. Organisms that make their own food are called _____.
producers
3. Organisms that hunt and kill their food are called
_______.
predators
4. Organisms that break down dead organisms and
return some of the nutrients back to the soil are
called ____. decomposers
1. Competition is most intense between closely
related species that
(1) are similar in appearance
(2) use the same resources
(3) have different beak size
(4) use different resources
2. Omnivores eat
(1) only producers
(3) producers and consumers
(2) only consumers
(4) only other omnivores
1. Which group represents a population?
1. all the vertebrates living in NY State.
2. all the Homo sapiens living in NY State.
3. all the plant and animal species found in NY State.
4. all the flowering plants found in NY State
2. A student measured some abiotic factors present in an
aquarium in a biology laboratory. Which data did the
student most likely record?
1. the weight and color of each type of scavenger.
2. the number of each type of green plant and each
type of snail.
3. the size and number of each species of fish.
4. the temperature and oxygen content of the
water.
Which diagram at the right best represents
an ecosystem?
Which is an abiotic factor that functions as a limiting
factor for the autotrophs in the ecosystem shown?
(1.) grasshopper (2.) fish (3.) light
(4.) hawk
The diagram shows organisms in and around a pond.
Which ecological term refers to all the organisms shown
in the diagram?
(1.) heterotroph
(2.) community
(3.) population
(4.) biosphere
All the red-winged blackbirds living
in a marsh are
(1.) a community
(2.) a succession
(3.) an ecosystem
(4.) a population
The diagram shows a
milkweed plant and
some of the insects that
live on it or visit it.
Which term best
describes the group of
organisms in the
diagram?
1. biosphere
2. habitat
3. community
4. biome
Which group contains only abiotic factors?
(1.) group A
(3.) group C
(2.) group B
(4.) group D
Because turkey vultures feed mainly on
animal that they have not killed, they
are known as
1. predators
2. omnivores
3. scavengers
4. autotrophs
Although three different bird species all
inhabit the same type of tree in an area,
competition between the birds rarely
occurs. The most likely explanation for
this lack of competition is that these birds
(1.) are unable to interbreed
(2.) have a limited supply of food
(3.) share food with each other
(4.) have different ecological niches
Which processes are involved in the
water cycle?
(1.) respiration and photosynthesis, only
(2.) transpiration and excretion, only
(3.) respiration, photosynthesis, evaporation,
and condensation, only
(4.) respiration, photosynthesis,
transpiration, excretion, evaporation,
and condensation
Barnacles often attach themselves to whales
and receive free transportation to parts of
the ocean. The whales are not affected by
this activity. This is an example of
(1.) mutualism
(2.) saprophytism
(3.) commensalism
(4.) parasitism
Several years after a building had been torn
down and the ground cleared, grasses began to
grow in that area. After 10 years, small bushes
replaced the grasses. This pattern of plant
growth is known as
(1.) cover cropping
(2.) land use management
(3.) ecological succession
(4.) biological control
algae→ minnow → lake trout → hawk
1. Which organism has the greatest energy? algae
2. Describe one effect that an increase in the minnow
population would have on the ecosystem.
A decrease in algae
An increase in lake trout
3. Why are the algae an important part of this food web
They are producers.
4. What do the arrows represent?
The flow of energy through the food chain.
1. Which organisms would contain
the greatest amount of available
energy?
(1.) rabbits and deer
(2.) grasses and shrubs
(3.) hawks
(4.) lice
2. The primary consumers include
(1.) insects and seed-eating birds
(2.) rabbits and snakes
(3.) rats and frogs
(4.) spiders and coyotes
1. Which level of this pyramid
would contain producer
organisms? Level D
2. If birds eat insects that feed on
corn, which pyramid level
would birds occupy?
Level B
3. As one progresses from level D
to level A in this pyramid, what
happens to the amount of
energy?
Decreases
Which statement best describes a direct result of a
decrease in the rabbit population due to disease?
1. The hawk population will increase.
2. The grass population will increase.
3. The cricket population will decrease.
4. The frog population will be eliminated.
Energy stored in organic molecules is
passed from producers to consumers.
This statement best describes an event in
1. the process of photosynthesis.
2. natural selection.
3. a food chain.
4. ecological succession.
Which factor promotes competition
between organisms in an ecosystem?
(1.) cycling of materials
(2.) limited resources
(3.) presence of saprophytes
(4.) decomposition of organic matter
Stage D in the diagram below is located on
land that was once a bare field.
succession
1. This diagram illustrates ___________.
climax community
2. Stage D represent the ____________.
3. What determines the types of animals that
live here? producers
What process is occurring in the diagram?
Ecological succession
Identify the name of stage IV.
Climax community
Stage IV will persist until it is altered by
(1.)a major change in an abiotic factor
(2.) seasonal dieback of vegetation
(3.) the reappearance of lichens and mosses
(4.) the growth in diameter of the trees
What is biotic factor for animal succession
in each stage?
(1.) plant species (2.) sunlight
(3.) soil minerals (4.) moisture
The diagrams best illustrates
(1.) ecological succession
(2.) organic evolution
(3.) the effects of acid rain
(4.) a food chain 45.
If no human intervention or natural
disaster occurs, by the year 2050
this area will most likely be a
(1.) pond
(2.) field
(3.) forest
(4.) desert
Which material cycle relies least on the
processes of photosynthesis,
transpiration, evaporation, respiration,
and condensation?
1. oxygen cycle
2. water cycle
3. nitrogen cycle
4. carbon cycle
Types of Symbiosis
1. A tapeworm lives in the digestive tract of a
human. parasitism
2. Bees pollinating flowers. mutualism
3.A flea sucks blood from the skin of a dog.
parasitism
4. Barnacles found on the surfaces of whales.
commensalism
What does this graph represent?
Carrying capacity
Which best explains why the population stabilized?
(1) Interbreeding between members of the population
increased the mutation rate.
(2) The population size became limited due to factors
such as availability of food.
(3) An increase in the chipmunk population caused an
increase in the producer population.
(4) A predator species came to the area and occupied
the same niche as the chipmunks.
Bacteria of decay are important
components of an ecosystem because
they
(1) recycle organic matter
(2) are involved in photosynthesis
(3) absorb solar energy
(4) slow the spread of disease
1. Which substance is the major cause of
the loss of our stratospheric ozone
shield?
(1.) CFC's
(2.) oxygen
(3.) acid rain
(4.) carbon dioxide
2. Give an example of a negative effect of
ozone depletion.
Can cause mutations (skin cancer)
Can destroy producers
1. Which is NOT an expected effect of global
warming?
(1.) Melting of polar ice caps.
(2.) Flooding of coastal areas.
(3.) Increased crop yields.
(4.) Alteration of rainfall patterns
2. What are two possible causes of global warming?
The greenhouse effect
Burning of fossil fuels
Deforestation
There is ample evidence to suggest a
direct relationship between global
warming and increased
(1.) ozone concentration
(2.) carbon dioxide concentration
(3.) acid rain
(4.) CFC's
Which phrase would be appropriate for area A in
the chart below?
(1) produces radioactive waste
(2) results in greater biodiversity
(3) provides light from radioactive substances
(4) reduces dependence on fossil fuels
Which practice would most likely deplete a
non-renewable natural resource?
(1) harvesting trees on a tree farm
(2) burning coal to generate electricity in
a power plant
(3) restricting water usage during a period
of water shortage
(4) building a dam and a power plant to
use water to generate electricity