Transcript eco updated - GHS-Brown-Bio-Hort

Ecology
• The student will
Monday
- Define Autotroph and Heterotroph
- Explain feeding relationships
Activator: Name 1 biotic and 1 abiotic
factor
Summarizer
- What is the difference between autotroph
and heterotroph
Organization levels of biology.
ECOLOGY - the scientific study of
interactions between
organisms and their
environment.
To belong to the same
species
must be able
What isyou
an organism?
Give
some examples
To successfully
produce
of living
fertilethings?
offspring
Do monkeys, dogs and
humans belong to the
A Living Thing!
same
Trees,
Plants,
Species?
Animals,
Bacteria
WhatOak
doTree
you
What is it called call a group of
livedifferent
in the community
whenWe
many
organisms
Montgomery
Populations are
living that belong
together?County.to the same
Name some
species?
different populations?
Human
Community
Deer
Population
Squirrel
Levels of Organization
Look closely at this picture.
What does this level include
that the previous levels did
not?
Mountains
Water
Some small questions…
• 1. What living things are found in our
community?
– BIOTIC FACTORS
• 2. What nonliving things are found in
our community?
– ABIOTIC FACTORS
Living things/organisms
Non-living things
Abiotic
Biotic
Non-Living parts of the environment
Living parts of the environment
Bacteria
Tree
Rocks
Temperature
Soil
Water
Sunlight
Animal
What we really want to understand is how
all organisms interact with
each other and the environment.
It all starts with the…
ENERGY
SELF
Nourishment
(feeding)
As in AUTOPILOT!
Autotrophs
also known
What
does
prefix are
What
arethe
examples
of organisms
that
as Producers
make
own food (AUTOTROPHS)?
“auto”their
mean?
How do autotrophs produce their
own food?
Energy from
The
SUN!
What if there is no Sunlight?
Deep sea bacteria live at ocean
depths too great for light to reach,
thus photosynthesis cannot occur.
Yet, these bacteria still make their
own food (sugars). What is the
source of energy for the bacteria?
What is this process called?
Chemosynthesis
Other
Nourishment
(feeding)
WhatHeterotrophs
does the prefix
are also known
make their own
food
(HETEROTROPHS)?
as
Consumers
“Hetero” mean?
What are examples of organisms that
Heterotrophs
DECOMPOSERS
DETRITIVORES
OMNIVORES
HERBIVORES
CARNIVORES
Plants Only
Animals Only
Plants and
Animals
Detritus
only
Breaks Down
Organic Matter
What happens to the energy in
an ecosystem when one
organism eats another?
Energy moves along a pathway
Trophic Levels
Tertiary Consumer
Secondary Consumer
Primary Consumer
Producer
- Network of several food chains
A diagram that shows the relative amounts
of food or energy in a given trophic level
Another way of
Pyramidhow
showing
gets smaller
energy
flows in
soecosystem!
energy
the
decreases!
• Only 10% of the total energy is
being passed on to the next
level
• 90% is used and/or released as
HEAT
- Number of individual organisms in
each level
Once again, as
you go up, the
pyramid gets
smaller, so
biomass must
decrease as
well!
1. Name the primary
consumers?
2. Which organisms
supply energy for the rest
of the organisms?
3. Which Organisms are
secondary consumers?
4. Which organisms are
autotrophs?
5. Which organism is an
omnivore?
1. If the population of mice
increases, which organism
will directly benefit?
2. What will happen if the
cougar population
increases?
3. What will happen if the
insect population will be
wiped out?
4. Name all the
carnivores.
• Which of these
describes the role of
the red oak in the
forest food web?
A. omnivore
B. parasite
C. herbivore
D. producer
If birds eat insects that feed on corn,
which pyramid level would birds
occupy?
A.
B.
C.
D.
A
B
C
D
•
•
Corals are marine animals that often live in
tropical seas. Many types of corals have
unicellular algae living in their tissues. The
algae provide up to 98 percent of the corals'
food. The corals provide protection and
inorganic nutrients for the algae.
Algae leave the coral when the water is too
warm. What kind of factor is temperature on
this relationship?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Biotic
Abiotic
Parasitic
Commensalistic
• An ecosystem contains organisms
interacting with each other and their physical
environment. Which of these is the best
indicator of a healthy ecosystem?
A. There are few decomposers.
B. There are many different species.
C. There are few herbivores.
D. There is a large population of only one species.
• Describe the flow of
energy in the wetland
BCR
Biotic- all the living
food web. In your
things in the web
response, be sure to
Abiotic – water ,
Tertiary • Name the biotic and
abiotic factors affecting sunlight,
consumer the heron
temperature
• Identify the trophic levels
of the different organisms
Energy starts with
in the wetland food web
sun and is
secondary
• Describe how the energy
converted by algae
consumers
is transferred between the
to food energy
organisms
in
the
wetland
Primary
which is trasfer up
food web
consumers
the food chains by
• Explain how the other
organisms eating
organisms
in
the
wetland
Producer
ecosystem would be
affected by the sudden
If the heron disappeared the
disappearance of the
snapper and crab would
heron
population
Decomposer
increase and overpopulate
while the shrimp and algae
would decrease