Transcript Ecology
is the scientific study of the interactions between organisms and their environment is the part of the Earth, including air, land, surface rocks, and water, within which life occurs is a natural unit consisting of all Biotic (living factors) in an area functioning together with all of the Abiotic (non-living physical factors) Abiotic vs Biotic Why??? MAKE ENERGY (cellular respiration) is a group of interacting organisms sharing an environment is the collection of interbreeding organisms of a particular species Organisms that use the sun directly are referred to as producers Examples: plants, trees, grass Organisms that feed on the producers for their energy are referred to as ____________________________ Examples: cow, insects, deer, mushrooms PLANT EATERS Organisms that feed on the primary consumers for their energy are referred to as ___________________________ Examples: penguins, tigers, birds ANIMAL/Meat EATERS Organisms that feed on the secondary consumers for their energy are referred to as _____________________________ Examples: fox, hawk, tigers, frog, human ANIMAL & PLANT EATERS Organisms that feed on dead organic matter and recycle nutrients back to the land are referred to as _____________________________ Examples: Bacteria and fungi FOOD CHAIN Displays the feeding relationships between species within an ecosystem Shows the flow of energy from one organism to the next and to the next and to the next Display many interconnected food chains because in most natural settings consumers are not limited to one source of food Practice Grass They eat grass and crickets is a graphical representation designed to show the biomass or productivity at each trophic level in a given ecosystem Biomass is a measure of the animal and plant life that is found in a given area As you move UP the pyramid: •The biomass decreases with each level •The amount of energy decreases with each level •The organisms become more complex with each level Omnivore Carnivore Herbivore Producer Herbivore commonly describes the close and often longterm relationships/interactions between different biological species any relationship between individuals of different species where both individuals derive a benefit , An example would be a honey bee and a dandelion. The honey bee gets to eat the pollen from the flower. The dandelion uses the bee to spread its pollen to another flower. Coral reefs are the result of mutualisms between coral organisms and various types of algae that live inside them goby fish lives together with shrimp The shrimp digs and cleans up a burrow in the sand in which both the shrimp and the goby fish live. The shrimp is almost blind leaving it vulnerable to predators when above ground. In case of danger the goby fish touches the shrimp with its tail to warn it. When that happens both the shrimp and goby fish quickly retract into the burrow a relationship between two living organisms where one benefits and the other is not significantly harmed or helped. , Clown Fish and Sea Anenome A relationship is one in which one member of the association benefits while the other is harmed almost all free-living animals are host to one or more parasite , Animals and ticks RINGWORM ATHLETE’S FOOT