Transcript Institute of Biodiversity Conservation

Institute of Biodiversity
Conservation (IBC)
Girma Balcha (Ph.D.)
Director General
3 November 2007
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Ethiopia, Centre of Origin and/or diversity of
species due to wide range of agroclimatic
conditions
- This was evidenced by Nickolai I. Vavilov in
1927
•Cultivars or Farmers varieties
•Crop wild relatives
•Domestic animals
•Wild plants, animals and microbial genetic
resources
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Conference in Beltsville, 1972, Consultative
Group on International Agricultural Research
(CGIAR) recommended formation of PGRC
• Ethiopia was given highest priority to
establish PGRC
• In 1973, Ethiopia requested Germany for
feasibility study
• In 1994, feasibility study was undertaken by
German Ministry of Economic Cooperation
• In 1976 PGRC was established, bilateral
agreement was signed between Ethiopia and
Germany
• GTZ was assigned from the German side and
a Director was assigned from the Ethiopian
side
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Objectives of PGRC/E
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To promote the collection, evaluation,
documentation and scientific study of crop
germplasm in Ethiopia, East Africa and
adjacent regions;
To preserve germplasm on the base of longterm storage;
To Provide germplams for breeding
programmes aimed at the development of
such characters as higher yield, better quality,
disease and pest resistance;
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In 1989 UNEP established a Group of
Expert to draft biodiversity document.
That paved the way to the birth of the
Convention on Biological Diversity at Rio
de Janeiro Conference in 1992.
Ethiopia had, therefore, promoted PGRCE
to the Institute of Biodiversity
Conservation (IBC) in 1994.
Then, the Institute of Biodiversity
Conservation caters for plants, animals
and microbial genetic resources.
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Mandate of IBC
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Conservation of Genetic Resources and
associated Traditional Knowledge
Sustainable use of Genetic Resources
Fair and equitable share of benefits
accrued from commercial use of Genetic
Resources and Traditional Knowledge
Conservation research
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Structure of IBC
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Director General
Deputy Director General
10 Technical Departments
2 Technical Services
5 Supportive Services
212 staff members
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Departments and Services
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Crop Genetic Resources
Horticulture Genetic Resources
Forest and Aquatic Plant Genetic Resources
Medicinal Plant Genetic Resources
Forage and Pasture Genetic Resources
Animal Genetic Resources
Microbial Genetic Resources
Ethnobiology
Ecosystem
Biotechnology
Genebank and Herbarium Service
Information and Documentation Service
Other Supportive Services
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Main Activities
Collection
• Ex-situ conservation
◦ Cold storage -10 ºC, + 4 ºC
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60585 accessions (about 210
species)
- 56019 Field crops
- 4566 (Horticultural, Forage,
Forestry and Medicinal plants)
- 650 (Microbial spp. at -80 ºc)
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◦Field Genebank
◦ 8936 accessions of Horticulture
(13 species, two Field genebanks)
◦ 24 Forestry species
◦ 568 accessions of Medicinal plants (two Field
genebanks)
◦ 159 accessions of Forage and Pasture (about 22 spp.)
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In-situ Conservation
◦ 4 species of Forest
◦ 337 species of Medicinal plants (24 spp.
endemic to Ethiopia)
◦ Community based in-situ
◦ 400 farmers’ var. of about 22 Field
Crops (12 Community Genebanks)
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Documentation of Indigenous Knowledge
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Indigenous Knowledge on farmers’
varieties from:
• Bale
• North Shewa
• Kefa
• Illubabor
• Jima
• East shewa
Indigenous Knowledge of wild plant spp
from:
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Characterization
◦ 43367 accessions - Morphological (17 crops)
◦ 4700 Biochemical (Proximate analysis)
Protein, fat, mineral and fiber)
of 15 crops
◦ Molecular and Cytogenetic to be done in the
near future
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Distribution of Germplasm
• Local Institutions
◦ 69272 Seed Samples of Field Crops
◦ 1707 Seed Samples of Horticultural Crops
◦ 5855 Others (Medicinal, Forage and
Forestry)
• International Institutions
◦ 12463 Samples of Field Crops
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Other Conservation related activities
◦Database Development
-National Forest Area for Species
Conservation status assessment
-National database on Medicinal Plants
◦Inventory of Genetic resources
-36 Forest Areas
◦National Reports
-Forage and Pasture Genetic Resources
-Domestic Animal Genetic Resources
-Plant Genetic Resources for Food and
Agriculture (to FAO)
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Legal Issues
Ratified/Adopted Agreements
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Convention on Biological Diversity
(Pro. No. 98/1994)
International Treaty on Plant Genetic
Resources for Food and Agriculture
(Pro. No. 330/2003)
Accession to IPGRI (Bioversity
International (19 May 2006)
Accession to Donor’s Council
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International Activities
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Convention on Biological Diversity
• Negotiation on access and benefitsharing
• Negotiation on Article 8(j)-Traditonal
knowledge associated with genetic
resources
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Conservation Programme of Work
• Forest biodiversity
• Mountain biodiversity
• Agrobiodviersity
• Ecosystem approach
• Traditional sites and lands occupied by
traditional waters
• Animal biodiversity
• etc.
International Treaty on Plant Genetic
Resources for Food and Agriculture
• Crop Diversity Trust
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Limitations
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Duplicate Genebank decided to be
established
Capacity building for Molecular
characterization is on plan
Research on storage behaviour on
plan
In vitro and Cryopreservation on plan
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