Transcript Niche & Habitat

Objective: Understand the Water, Carbon Dioxide, and Nitrogen Cycles
Key Words: Photosynthesis, Volcanic Activity, Human Activity, Respiration
Do Now:
• List 2 things you learned about matter cycle in the class.
• How do the materials move up in the ecosystem
• Which kinds of materials cycle?
Objective: Learn How Habitat and Niche Differ
Key Words: Niche, Habitat, Bullfrog
Bullfrog
A mature bullfrog catches insects, worms, spiders,
small fish, or even mice. Predators such as herons,
raccoons, and snakes prey on bullfrogs.
Bullfrogs spend their lives in or near the water of
ponds, lakes, and slow-moving streams. A bullfrog’s
body temperature varies with that of the surrounding
water and air. As winter approaches, bullfrogs burrow
into the mud of pond or stream bottoms to hibernate.
Female bullfrogs lay their eggs in water during the
warmer months of the year. The young frogs, called
tadpoles live in the water until their legs and lungs
develop.
Objective: Learn How Habitat and Niche Differ
Key Words: Niche, Habitat, Bullfrog
Bullfrog
Questions
1. Where do bullfrogs live?
Bullfrogs live in or near the water of ponds, lakes and slow-moving streams.
2. What type of food do bullfrogs eat?
Bullfrog catches insects, worms, spiders, small fish
3. How do bullfrogs obtain this food?
By catching insects with the tongue
4. Which other species do feed on bullfrogs?
Herons, raccoons, snakes
5. What is its place in the food web?
Heterotroph, Secondary Consumer, Carnivore
6. When and how do they reproduce?
They reproduce during the warmer months of the year.
Female bullfrogs lay their eggs in water.
Objective: Learn How Habitat and Niche Differ
Key Words: Niche, Habitat, Bullfrog
• Define what a habitat is. The area where an organism lives.
The organism’s habitat is like its address,
• Define what a niche is. The role of an organism in the ecosystem.
The organism’s niche is like its occupation
An organism’s niche includes
• Its place in the food web
• The type of food the organism eats
• How it obtains this food
• Which other species use this organism as food
• The range of temperatures that the organism needs to survive
• When and how it reproduces
Objective: Learn How Habitat and Niche Differ
Key Words: Niche, Habitat, Bullfrog
•
Habitat The area where an organism lives.
•
Niche The role of an organism in the ecosystem.
•
The organism’s habitat is like its address,
•
The organism’s niche is like its occupation
Basketball positions in the offensive zone
One guard, two forwards, and two centers or two guards, two forwards, and one center were used.
1.
Point guard: organizes the team's offense by controlling the ball.
2.
Shooting guard: creates a high volume of shots on offense.
3.
Small forward: responsible for scoring points via dribble penetration.
4.
Power forward: plays offensively often with their back to the basket; on defense, plays under the basket.
5.
Center: uses height and size to score (on offense), to protect the basket closely (on defense), or to rebound.
Objective: Learn How Habitat and Niche Differ
Key Words: Niche, Habitat, Bullfrog
Bullfrog
Apply Key ideas
• What is the Bullfrog’s habitat?
Bullfrogs live in or near the water of ponds, lakes and slow-moving streams.
• What is the Bullfrog’s niche?
Heterotroph, Secondary Consumer, Carnivore
Objective: Learn How Habitat and Niche Differ
Key Words: Niche, Habitat, Bullfrog
Do Now
In a forest community, a shelf fungus and a
slug live on the side of a decaying tree
trunk. The fungus digests and absorbs
materials from the tree, while the slug eats
algae growing on the outside of the trunk.
shelf fungus
•What are the habitat and niche of the shelf
fungus?
•What are the habitat and niche of the slug?
slug
Objective: Learn How Habitat and Niche Differ
Key Words: Niche, Habitat, Bullfrog
The Competitive Exclusion Principle
The competitive exclusion principle:
•No two species can occupy the same niche in the same habitat at the same time.
Objective: Learn How Habitat and Niche Differ
Key Words: Niche, Habitat, Bullfrog
The Competitive Exclusion Principle
Three Species of Warblers and Their
Niches
Cape May Warbler
Feeds at the tips of branches
near the top of the tree
Bay-Breasted Warbler
Feeds in the middle
part of the tree
Spruce tree
Yellow-Rumped Warbler
Feeds in the lower part of the tree and
at the bases of the middle branches
1. Can two species share the same habitat?
2. Can two species share the same niche in the same habitat?
3. Can two species share the same niche in different habitats?
Objective: Learn How Habitat and Niche Differ
Key Words: Niche, Habitat, Bullfrog
The Competitive Exclusion Principle
•No two species can occupy the same niche in the same habitat at the same time.
True or False?
•Two species can occupy the same niche in the same habitat at the same time.
•Two species can occupy the different niche in the same habitat at the same time.
•Two species can occupy the same niche in the different habitat at the same time.
•Two species can occupy the different niche in the different habitat at the same time.
Objective: Learn How Habitat and Niche Differ
Key Words: Niche, Habitat, Bullfrog
Do Now
List 2 things you learned about
• What a habitat is. Give one example.
• What a niche is. Give one example.
Objective: Learn How Habitat and Niche Differ
Key Words: Niche, Habitat, Bullfrog
Multiple Choices Questions
1. In a stable, long-existing community, the establishment of a single species per niche is most directly the
result of
A) competition
C) parasitism
B) overproduction
D) interbreeding
2. The ecological niches of three bird species are shown in the diagram below.
What is the advantage of each bird species having a different niche?
A) There is less competition for food.
B) Predators are less likely to feed on birds in a variety of locations.
C) As the birds feed higher in the tree, available energy increases.
D) More abiotic resources are available for each bird.
3. Although three different butterfly species all inhabit the same flower garden in an area, competition
between the butterflies rarely occurs. The most likely explanation for this lack of competition is that these
butterflies
A) have a limited supply of food
C) occupy different niches
B) are able to interbreed
D) share food with each other
Objective: Learn How Habitat and Niche Differ
Key Words: Niche, Habitat, Bullfrog
Multiple Choices Questions
4. In a forest community, a shelf fungus and a slug live on the side of a decaying tree trunk. The
fungus digests and absorbs materials from the tree, while the slug eats algae growing on the
outside of the trunk. These organisms do not compete with one another because they occupy
A)
B)
C)
D)
the same habitat, but different niches
different habitats and different niches
the same niche, but different habitats
the same niche and the same habitat
5. Areas with many different niches will most likely have
A) little diversity among the organisms
B) no organisms that will become extinct
C) great diversity among the organisms
D) large numbers of organisms that will become extinct
Objective: Learn What Are a Niche and a Habitat
Key Words: Niche, Habitat, hibernation, tadpole
An owl cannot entirely digest the animals upon which it preys. Therefore, each day it expels
from its mouth a pellet composed of materials such as fur, bones, and cartilage. By examining
owl pellets, ecologists are able to determine the
A) consumers that owls prefer
C) autotrophs that owls prefer
B) pathogens that affect owls
D) organisms that feed on owls