Transcript File - Science with Ms. Friess

Bioaccumulation
Invasive
Species
Photosynthesis
Succession
Grab Bag
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BIOACCUMULATION -10
Bioaccumulation is:
A) The gradual gathering of substances, transferring from
the environment into an organism.
B) The accumulation of garbage in landfills
C) The movement of toxins up the food chain, getting
increasingly harmful to the higher predators.
D) The gathering and storing of possessions in a home
BIOACCUMULATION -10
A) The accumulation (gradual gathering)
of substances, transferring from the
environment into an organism.
BIOACCUMULATION -20
List at least 2 types of Substances that can
bio-accumulate
BIOACCUMULATION -20
• Nutrients
• Toxins
• Pesticides
• Organic and Inorganic Compounds and
Elements (such as mercury)
• Other pollutants
BIOACCUMULATION -30
• What is biomagnification?
• (also known as bioamplification)
BIOACCUMULATION - 30
• The tendency for substances (toxins, pollutants)
to collect in higher quantities, and in higher
concentrations as you move up the food chain.
• The Problem Magnifies! Gets BIGGER!
BIOACCUMULATION -50
• _______________ occurs across
trophic levels (across the food chain)
• _______________ occur within a
single organism
BIOACCUMULATION - 50
• 1) Biomagnification
• 2) Bioaccumulation
BIOACCUMULATION - 40
• Describe
the
situation in
the
following
image
BIOACCUMULATION – 40 MERCURY IN FISH
•
Mercury is enters the
atmosphere through Coal
Plant Emissions or Volcanic
activity
•
Mercury collects in rain
clouds and makes its way
down into water systems
•
Fish absorb mercury
efficiently
•
Larger fish eat many small
fish and build up higher levels
of mercury
•
Some have been banned for
consumption for they present
a toxic risk
Invasive Species - 10
What is the definition of an Invasive Specie?
Invasive Species - 10
Non-native (a.k.a: exotic, alien) to a given
ecosystem, and have been accidentally
or deliberately introduced to a NEW
ECOSYSTEM or area.
Invasive Species - 20
How do Zebra Mussels move to new areas
and ecosystems? What is the most
common way they spread?
Invasive Species - 20
• Zebra Mussels are transported by boat usually. They stick to the
bottom and go unnoticed. If the boat is taken from one lake to
another the Zebra Mussels may invade a new area or water
system.
• Other aquatic equipment such as wakeboards, skis, canoes,
and scuba diving gear can pick up these mussels.
Invasive Species - 30
• Why are Invasive Species a negative addition to
a new ecosystem? What are some of the
bad/harmful things that may happen?
• List at least 3 different ideas
Invasive Species - 30
• Can create Competition
with organisms already
living in that ecosystem.
• For Food
• For Shelter
• For Water
• For Space
Once there is one change in
the Food Chain… the whole
Web is affected and changed.
Changes the Balance in the
Ecosystem (can possibly throw
things off-balance)
Can cause Economic Harm
(Cost Money) by damaging things like
pipelines and interrupting business such
as the fishing industry
Invasive Species - 40
We saw in the video “How Wolves Change Rivers” that sometimes
the addition of an organism into an area can have benefits or
positives.
We also saw some benefits or positives to the Zebra Mussel.
Choose one (Wolves or Zebra Mussels) and describe the good side
of the story.
Invasive Species - 40
• Can BALANCE an unbalanced ecosystem
• For Example: If there is an overpopulation of herbivores, the producers
(plants/grass) may not be able to support a diverse ecosystem.
• Can be a new food source or become prey for another species
• Mussel example: Their shells provided a new shelter or protection for
smaller aquatic organisms
Invasive Species - 50
In the mid 1800’s I came to North America. I am extremely
hungry and will cause some serious devastation to the
foliage. Be careful, you may be allergic to my hair!
When the wind blows you may get annoyed when I am
around.
Who am I?
Invasive Species - 50
Photosynthesis -10
• ____________________ make/create
energy. Consumers need to eat other
organisms to obtain energy.
Photosynthesis -10
• Producers
Photosynthesis - 20
Photosynthesis Inputs and Outputs
Sunlight + Water + ___________ (+ chlorophyll) = Oxygen and ____________
Photosynthesis - 20
Sunlight + Water + Carbon Dioxide (+ chlorophyll) = Oxygen and Glucose (Sugar)
Photosynthesis - 30
What is Chlorophyll?
Photosynthesis - 30
Leaves are green because they
contain
the pigment: Chlorophyll
Responsible for the chemical reaction during photosynthesis that
produces glucose (sugar)
Photosynthesis - 40
What is Cellular Respiration?
Photosynthesis - 40
• Cellular Respiration is a process occurring in all
living cells.
• Cells need to obtain energy and release waste
• The process of respiration, is when your body cells use
Oxygen to release the Energy from food.
Photosynthesis - 50
• What is the Chemical Equation for
Cellular Respiration?
_____ + Food = Energy + ______+ Water
Inputs

Outputs
Photosynthesis - 50
Cellular Respiration:
Oxygen + Food  Energy + Carbon Dioxide + Water
Inputs

Outputs
SUCCESSION - 10
• What is it called when there is growth
and development of a community
(often plants first) in an area that has
never before any plant or other
populations?
SUCCESSION - 10
Primary Succession
SUCCESSION - 20
TRUE OR FALSE ???
Succession is a very rapid change that can happen
within a few days in an ecosystem!
SUCCESSION - 20
• FALSE!
• Succession is a slow gradual process of
change that occurs over time .
SUCCESSION - 30
What is Secondary Succession?
SUCCESSION - 30
Secondary succession begins after a community is
destroyed by natural disaster such as flood, tornado,
fire, hurricane… etc.
SUCCESSION - 40
• Name 2 examples of human impact on the
environment… specifically how do humans
prevent/negatively impact succession from
happening?
SUCCESSION - 40
By building houses, streets, sidewalks, buildings,
landfills,... Etc. humans impact the environment.
Succession (growth and change) can’t occur.
By cutting our lawns, weeding, and spraying chemicals on
fields and crops we are also preventing natural
succession (change and growth)
SUCCESSION - 50
Name two ways that humans can help
succession along… and accelerate (speed
up) the process
SUCCESSION - 50
• Burning crops/fields to prepare for new
growth after the winter (This does NOT
mean burning forests and full ecosystems
down on purpose!!!)
• Watering plants and fertilizing crops,
gardens, and land.
GRAB BAG - 10
• What is going on in the following picture?
GRAB BAG – 10
• Zebra Mussels Clogging a Water Intake Pipe!
GRAB BAG - 20
• An experiment went wrong. I was intentionally
released! Control all the beetles… that was supposed
to be my feast.
• Spreading out quickly. I am multiplying fast. As for
everything around me…. If you fit you will not last.
Who am I?
GRAB BAG – 20
Cane Toad
GRAB BAG - 30
Where does the saying
“Mad as a Hatter”
Come from?
What historical significance or
connection to Science does this
have?
GRAB BAG – 30
• Mad hatter disease, or mad hatter syndrome,
is a commonly used name for Mercury Poisoning
(Bioaccumulation) among hat makers whose
felting work involved prolonged exposure to
mercury vapours in the Victorian Era (1800’s).
The neurotoxic effects created some very odd
behaviour indeed! Their brain functioning was
altered because of the accumulation of toxins.
GRAB BAG - 40
Please find 5
Different Food
Chains
In the Following
Food Web!!!!!!!!
GRAB BAG – 40
1) Terrestrial Plants  Insects  Rat  Snake  Hawk
2) Terrestrial Plants  Insects  Rat  Hawk
3) Aquatic Plants  Small Fish  Frog  Crane  Hawk
4) Aquatic Plants  Small Fish  Big Fish  Duck  Hawk
5) Aquatic Plants  Snail  Sparrow  Hawk
6) Aquatic Plants  Snail  Big Fish  Crane  Hawk
7) ……….
GRAB BAG - 50
• Compare Energy Movement through the Food
Pyramid to Pesticide and Toxin Movement
through the Food Pyramid.
• What is the difference?
GRAB BAG – 50
Energy passes through the food chain
Energy is lost as you move
up the Food Pyramid
Levels of toxins and harmful
substances can increase as you move
up the Food Pyramid