Transcript The Finnish Expert Group on Hymenoptera

The Finnish Expert Group on
Hymenoptera
Gergely Várkonyi
Finnish Environment Institute SYKE
Friendship Park Research Centre, Kuhmo
The Expert Group on Hymenoptera
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Established in 2001
12 members
Funding from the ministry
Working in two sections:
– Aculeata & Symphyta (7)
– ’Parasitica’ (5)
• Aculeata: 664 spp.; best known
• Symphyta: 791 spp.; Nematinae problematic
• ’Parasitica’: 5615 spp.; poorly known
The Expert Group on Hymenoptera
Punkaharju 15.6.2013
Photo: I. Teräs
The Expert Group on Hymenoptera:
Main tasks
1. Conservation assessment of Finnish
Hymenoptera
– Assessment and documentation every 10th year
– Collecting new records and information on habitat
requirements of species
– Updating the Finnish Hymenoptera data base
– Providing data for population trend analyses, e.g.
Red List Index
The Expert Group on Hymenoptera:
Main tasks
2. Providing expertise and collecting data for
the nature conservation administration
– Contributing to updating the national data base of
red-listed and protected species
– Monitoring species occurrence and contribution
to conservation action plans
– Collecting information on Hymenoptera occurring
in key biotopes
– Compiling and updating checklists of Finnish Hym.
The Expert Group on Hymenoptera:
Main tasks
3. Promoting awareness of the public and
helping amateur entomologists
– Dissemination of information (oral presentations,
newspaper articles, TV interviews etc.)
– Interaction with laymen and amateur
entomologists (identification of samples and
photos, advice, etc.)
– Books on Finnish Hymenoptera (book projects on
Chrysididae and the entire Hymenoptera)
The Expert Group on Hymenoptera:
Activities
• Meetings three times per year, sections and
working groups may have extra meetings
• A 4-day collecting trip every June to different
parts of the country
Hymenoptera data base and atlas
Additions to the Finnish fauna
Symphyta
2
Aculeata
1
1
’Parasitica’
80
121
TOTAL
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122
Elampus foveatus
2013
Lathrolestes laevipleuris
Photo: A. Reshchikov
2012
Photo: P. Malinen
Group
The 2010 conservation assessment
of Finnish Hymenoptera
Gergely Várkonyi
Finnish Environment Institute SYKE
Friendship Park Research Centre, Kuhmo
General results
Species
Assessed Assessed%
Red-listed Red-listed%
Symphyta
791
325
41.1
95
29.2
Parasitica
5615
1784
31.8
195
10.9
Aculeata
664
597
89.9
198
33.2
7070
2706
38.3
488
18.0
Photo: T. Hurme
Hymenoptera
Abia candens NT
Callajoppa exaltatoria NE
Assessment results by categories
RE
CR
EN
VU
NT
DD
LC
NA
NE
Symphyta
13
1
10
31
34
6
230
5
461
Parasitica
29
2
6
36
83
39
1589
116
3715
Aculeata
18
20
39
38
76
7
399
23
44
Hymenoptera
60
23
55
105
193
52
2218
144
4220
Main threats
Main biotopes
Habitat fragmentation (P)
Lack of dead wood (P, S)
Forestry measures (S, P)
Changes in tree sp. dominance in herb-rich forests (S)
Overgrowth of open habitats (A, S)
Urban development (A)
Some good news in Aculeata
Vespa crabro
Andrena labiata
Photo: Juha Jantunen
Photo: Pekka Malinen
EN → LC
RE → LC
Some bad news: Aculeata nesting in dead
wood
Squares
Squares
Squares
Total 99
<1975: 90
≥1975: 11
Change:
-88 %
Total 65
<1975: 60
≥1975: 8
Change:
-87 %
Total 49
<1975: 47
≥1975: 2
Change:
-96 %
Trypoxylon figulus
Lestica clypeata
Hoplitis robusta
Isosavihukka
NT
Puuperhoshukka
VU
Muurahaisnäivertäjämehiläinen
CR
’Hymenoptera Parasitica’ in
Fennoscandian assessments
• Prior to 2010, typically concentrating on a few
conspicuous species
• Norway 2010: Proctotrupoidea,
Ceraphronoidea, Evanioidea mostly (and
Mymarommatoidea fully) evaluated
• Finland: first step towards a comprehensive
evaluation in 2010
The 2010 Finnish ’Parasitica’
assessment
• Finnish ’Parasitica’
– non-Ichneumonidae, 2992 spp. (MK, GS)
– Ichneumonidae, 2623 spp. (GV)
• groups evaluated separately due to
differences in the quality of available data
Assessment of Ichneumonidae
• 19 small subfamilies (206/2623 spp.) were
chosen and available material in main national
and private collections examined
• >3200 specimens identified to species
• recent research results (e.g. Phrudinae and
Polysphincta genus-gr.) utilised
• data incomprehensive in Pimplinae
Subfamilies assessed
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Acaenitinae (8)
Agriotypinae (1)
Collyriinae (2)
Cremastinae (13)
Cylloceriinae (8)
Diacritinae (1)
Eucerotinae (2)
Hybrizontinae (1)
Lycorininae (1)
Microleptinae (2)
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Neorhacodinae (1)
Orthopelmatinae (2)
Oxytorinae (2)
Phrudinae (8)
Pimplinae (114)
Poemeniinae (10)
Rhyssinae (7)
Stilbopinae (3)
Xoridinae (17)
Use of categories
• NA: species found as new to Finland <10 yrs
ago
• NA: introduced spp. that have no established
populations in the wild
• NE: insufficient data/resources or taxonomical
problems
• RE: no records since 1950; (1975 for Aculeata)
• NT: species nearly fulfilling the criteria of VU
Documentation
Case 1: Mesoclistus cushmani
• subarctic species, host unknown
• earlier misidentified (2 exx.)
• likely affected by climate change
• VU; D2
Case 2: Zatypota picticollis
• new to Finland
(N. Fritzén, 2000—)
• ’should have been’ NA
• host group: Araneidae
• LC
Case 3: Xorides ater
• strongly decreasing
population
• hosts lepturine
cerambycids
• VU; B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Case 4: Stilbops ruficornis
• a single authentic
specimen was known
(1962)
• host: Nemophora
metallica (EN)
(Adelidae)
• CR; B1+2ab(iv)
• search in 2010 proved
successful!
Summary of ichneumonid results
• Check-list updated with records from the
literature
• Examination of collections resulted in
– deletion of 6 spp. from the Finnish check-list
– addition of 17 spp., 6 of which new to the
Palaearctic Region (or science)
– several taxonomic problems (need for
splitting, synonymisation) recognised
Perspectives
• Publication of updated checklists
• Studies on the natural history of particular
species/groups (host-parasitoid interactions)
• Taxonomic work incl. genus revisions
• International cooperation:
– Promoting the IUCN system in NW Russia
– Involving international experts in the 2020
conservation assesment (new PUTTE project)
Towards new challenges...
Pseudorhyssa
alpestris NT