Transcript Экология и животный мир Оренбургской области

Ecology and fauna of the
Orenburg region
by Churbaeva Diana
Ecology of the Orenburg region
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In the region found 15 stable ground water
contamination. The main pollutants - are oil
products, phenols, heavy metals, iron ions, bromine,
selenium, fluoride. Drinking water quality continues
to deteriorate for almost all of normalized
parameters. Ecological tension enhances
transboundary transport of hazardous substances
from the Chelyabinsk region and the Republic of
Bashkortostan. The waters of the Ural River, the
main water source area, entering their territory with
a high concentration of pollutants.
Fauna of the Orenburg region
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In forest and steppe expanses of our region
inhabit 60 species of mammals, 200 species
of birds. Vast hunting grounds of the
Orenburg region. Their total area amounts to
more than 10 thousand hectares. In the area
inhabit by elk, wild boar, roe deer, hare, fox,
muskrat, marten, marmot, muskrat.
Kukushonok
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Since the early 70's there is
progress from the north into the
territory of a lynx. Currently, she
noted already in the most
southern region.
Rare is the brown bear, formerly
widespread in woodland areas.
He currently resides in arrays of
small Nakas and Shaytantau,
where the annual production of
hunters in connection with the
threat of an attack this animal
livestock.
The most important objects of
hunting are Cunha. This is the
first place: a badger, weasel,
marten, and forest steppe polecat.
Among the rare and very rare
species of Mustelidae: weasel,
ligation, European mink and river
otter. At the same time the
number of acclimatized American
mink has become so large that it
can serve as a target species.
Ermine
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River and lake overgrown with reeds
abound Serug, teals, mallards. The
greatest commercial value are gray
duck and mallard ducks. Rivers and
lakes in the Orenburg region are
home to more than 30 species of fish.
The most valuable of these sturgeon
and fine-mesh. On the rivers Ural and
Ilek are spawning grounds for
sturgeon, an area of 200 hectares,
which is a prohibited area.
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In rivers, streams, lakes,
reservoirs and ponds of
the area inhabited by more
than 60 species and
varieties of fish. They
belong to 15 families of
which the most abundant
cyprinids. For much of the
species pool of the Urals
is the eastern limit of their
distribution.
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In the mountain streams and rivers basin
Sakmara meet brook trout and European
grayling. In organizing the protection of
their habitat and reproduction of these
valuable species of fish could be
gamefish.
In rivers and lakes in the area is
widespread pike. Of great importance for
recreational fisheries have bream, carp,
chub, ide, Podust, roach. Everywhere in
lakes and ponds inhabit carp.
Often caught catfish weighing 80-120
pounds or more.