Transcript Evolution Review

Ecology Review
Which of the following is NOT a renewable
form of energy?
A) Water
B) Solar
C) Wind
D) Coal
E) Geothermal
D
A) Where does the energy come from and what
is it converted to by this array?
B) For an average American home, what
percentage of electrical needs can be met
by this solar array? 10%, 70%, or 100%
A) Sun… electricity
B) 70%
•
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
Which of the following is NOT true regarding
the ozone layer.
There is a hole in it
Ozone protects us from UV light rays which
causes sunburns and skin cancer
The hole has been caused by
chlorofluorocarbons.
The hole is caused by an excess of carbon
dioxide.
The hole has caused an increase in the
amount of skin cancer
The hole has caused a decrease in the
population of phytoplankton.
d
•
Put an A for abiotic or a B for biotic
factors of a community
1. Plant
2. Soil
1. B
2. A
• Put the following in the correct order from
smallest to largest areas of ecology AND
give an example of each
Ecosystem, population, biosphere,
community
• Population – Black bear
• Community – Black bear, Deer, Grouse,
etc.
• Ecosystem/biome – Deciduous Forest
• Biosphere - Earth
List the 7 terrestrial biomes
Which has the greatest biological diversity?
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Desert
Savanna
Tropical Rainforest
Tiaga
Deciduous forest
Grasslands
Tundra
• What are organisms (plants and
algae) called that can obtain
energy from sunlight through
photosynthesis.
• What are organisms called that
need to get their energy from
other organisms.
• Autotrophs or producers
• Heterotrophs or consumers
• List the 4 different types of
consumers/heterotrophs
•
•
•
•
Herbivores
Omnivores
Carnivores
Decomposers
• Match the following types of symbiosis
____ Both organisms benefit a) commensalism
____ One benefits and the other
is not harmed or helped b) parasitism
____ One benefits and the other
is harmed
c) mutualism
• C
• A
• B
• Give an example of each of the
following:
1. Keystone Species
2. Generalist
3. Specialist
4. Pioneer species
5. Climax species
6. Exotic-invasive species
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Keystone Species – Sea otter
Generalist – Canadian Geese
Specialist – Ruffed Grouse
Pioneer species - lichen
Climax species – Maple tree
Exotic species - lamprey
• Why does
the amount
of energy
get smaller
as you get
to the top
trophic
level?
• Each organisms uses energy for their life
processes so the amount of energy
available is smaller as you go up the food
chain.
• If you didn’t mow your lawn explain what
would happen in terms of succession.
• Why do some areas naturally remain
grasslands?
• If you were to stop mowing you lawn after
the grasses you would start seeing shrubs,
and then small softwood trees and over
several years (possibly even 100s of
years) you would have hardwood trees or
a climax forest.
• wildfires
• Which species is an autotroph/producer?
• Name one herbivore and one carnivore.
• What would be the final part of this food web? (it
is not shown above)
•
•
•
•
Plants
Herbivore: rabbit
Carnivore: fox
Final part of food web: Decomposer
(bacteria, fungi and/or earthworms)
Populations that contain only a few
individuals are
a) Genetically more diverse than large
populations.
b) Able to withstand environmental
disturbances
c) Susceptible of extinction from habitat
destruction, diseases and other
environmental disturbances.
d) Never bred in captivity because they fail
to thrive when released into the wild.
C
Draw a diagram of the greenhouse effect.
In your diagram show at least two
greenhouse gasses.
• Look at the following graph:
http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/webdata/ccgg
/trends/co2_data_mlo.pdf
Why is there a rise and a fall in CO2 each
year?
CO2 levels have increased from 315ppm to
close to 400ppm, why is this a concern?
• During the winter most plants cannot
photosynthesize and therefore do not
absorb CO2 so the CO2 levels go up.
Then in the summer when they can
photosynthesize the CO2 levels go down.
Although, the overall trend is an increase
in CO2.
• The additional CO2 is causing a warming
of the Earth.
• Regarding the carbon cycle what are the 3
main processes that put carbon dioxide
into the atmosphere?
• What is the one main process that takes
carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere?
• Cellular Respiration, Decomposition and
Combustion
• Photosynthesis
• Regarding the nitrogen cycle what are the
two ways nitrogen is put into the soil so
plants can absorb it?
• Nitrogen is necessary to make what kind
of molecule?
• How does the nitrogen get back into the
atmosphere?
• Why do farmers rotate their crops?
• Nitrifying bacteria, legumes and/or
lightning
• Proteins (amino acids)
• Denitrifying bacteria
• They plant legumes like soybeans which
put nitrogen in the soil and then they can
plant corn which requires a lot of nitrogen.
Global Warming is caused by an increase of
greenhouse gases (mainly carbon dioxide)
being put into the air from the burning of
fossil fuels. This is causing an increase in
hazardous storms, the rising of the sea
level, increase in droughts, decrease in
arctic habitat and an increase in infectious
diseases. What can you do to help
decrease the amount of carbon dioxide
being put into the environment?
Which of the following causes a decrease in
biodiversity?
A) Exotic-Invasive Species
B) Overpopulation
C) Over hunting/harvesting
D) All of the above
D
Which of the following is not an exotic
species in North Eastern Minnesota
A) Round Goby
B) Lake Trout
C) Gypsy moth
D) Ruffe
B
Which of the following is NOT true regarding
acid rain?
A) Acid rain has a pH of 2.5 – 4.5
B) Acid rain is caused by sulfur dioxide and
nitrous oxide that is produced when fossil
fuels are burned
C) Acid rain causes more mercury to be
released in aquatic environments
D) Acid rain does not affect wildlife.
D
1. Give an example of each of the following:
A) Reduce
B) Reuse
C) Recycle
2. All 3 are important but which is going to
have the best effect on the environment?
1. Reduce – buy less
Reuse – use paper bags for storage or
garbage
Recycle – paper, aluminum, plastic
2. Reduce
Which of the following is NOT true regarding
wetlands.
A) They provide habitat for many species
B) All wetlands contain water year around
C) Wetlands are “waste-land”
D) Wetlands filter our water
C
What is bioaccumulation?
When toxic chemicals become more
concentrated as they move up the food
chain.
List 5 things you could do to lower your
ecological footprint
•
•
•
•
•
Purchase less unneeded goods - Reduce
Eat more locally grown foods
Conserve Energy
Recycle
Reuse