Transcript Unit 5 * Electricity, Magnetism and Waves

Unit 5 – Electricity, Magnetism
and Waves
Physical Science 2013-14
Semester 2
4/15/14
• Entry Task
• Describe everything you know about electricity,
magnetism and waves.
• Please turn in your reflections TOMORROW for
the Unit 4 Test.
• HW Read pages 382-388, answer # 1-8 on page
388. Due Friday 4/18/14
Today’s Agenda
• Notes on Electricity
• MIT Video on Electricity
4/15/14
• Exit Task
• Describe charges and how you could create an
attraction between two objects based on
charges.
• What charges would repel each other?
4/16/14
• Entry Task
• Define electric current, electric circuit and
voltage.
Today’s Agenda
• Notes on Electricity
• Please staple your MIT movie notes to these
notes and turn them in.
• Phet simulations + Worksheet
• You will be working with the person seated
next to you. PLEASE WRITE BOTH NAMES ON
THE WORKSHEET.
• Decide who will be recorder for page 1 and
page 2.
Electricity
• A neat analogy to help understand these
terms is a system of plumbing pipes. The
voltage is equivalent to the water
pressure, the current is equivalent to the
flow rate, and the resistance is like the
pipe size.
• http://science.howstuffworks.com/environme
ntal/437-green-gadgets-the-kill-a-wattvideo.htm
Charge
• whether two charges attract or repel depends
on whether they have the same or opposite sign
• unit of measurement for charge is the coulomb
(C)
– one electron has a charge of
0.00000000000000000016 coulombs
Current
• comes from the motion of electrons
• is the rate at which electrons flow past a point
on a circuit
– measured in units called amperes, or amps (A)
current
Voltage
• a measure of electric potential energy
• voltage is an electrical force
– measured in volts (V)
• a difference in voltage provides the energy that
causes current to flow
Resistance
• the resistance to the flow of electrical current
– measured in ohms
• the resistance of electricity creates heat
Circuits
Electricity and Circuits (8:35)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D2monV
kCkX4&feature=related
• current only flows when there is a complete
and unbroken path, or a closed circuit
• series circuit
– current can only take one path, so the
current is the same at all points in the circuit
• parallel circuit
– the current can take more than one path
– each branch works independently
4/16/14
• Exit Task
• Explain the analogy of a water system and
electrical circuit using the words: voltage,
current and resistance.
4/17/14
• Entry Task
• Watch last portion of video.
• Finish notes.
• Explain the difference between a series circuit and a parallel
circuit.
• REMINDER: HW Read pages 382-388, answer # 1-8 on page
388. Due Friday 4/18/14
•
Today’s Agenda
•
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Remaining slides of notes
Faraday’s Work
Phet simulations + Worksheet
You will be working with the person seated
next to you. PLEASE WRITE BOTH NAMES ON
THE WORKSHEET.
• Decide who will be recorder for page 1 and
page 2.
4/17/14
• Exit Task
• How did you prove today in PHET that electric
current flowing in a wire creates a magnetic
field around the wire? (HINT: what happened
to the compass?)
• IF YOU HAVE NOT, turn in your movie/notes
papers…
4/18/14
• Entry Task
• Say Something Nice
• Trade and Grade HW from page 388 #1-8.
Please turn this in.
Today’s Agenda
• Read pages 388-394, 398 and answer #1-5 on
page 400
• Read pages 418-421, 425, 427 and answer #1-4
on page 429
• Read pages 432 and 434 and answer #1-4 on
page 435.
4/18/14
• Exit Task
• Trade and Grade your entry/exit task sheets.
• Graders please sign the top.
• Turn these in.
4/21/14
• Entry Task
• In your own words, explain how atoms give rise to
magnetic properties in metal. (Hint: look at page
428)
• Homework: Read pages 388-394, 398 and answer
#1-5 on page 400
• Read pages 418-421, 425, 427 and answer #1-4 on
page 429
• Read pages 432 and 434 and answer #1-4 on page
435. Due Wednesday
Today’s Agenda
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Finish the PHET worksheet with partners.
Review answers.
Turn in worksheets
Extra Time? Work on HOMEWORK!
4/21/14
• Exit Task
• Which portion of the simulations showed the
electromagnetic effect?
• “electric current flowing in a wire will create a
magnetic field around the wire
(electromagnetic effect).”
4/22/14
• Entry Task
• Watch Ms. Maring demonstrate a generator.
Read page 434. Explain how the generator
works.
• Review yesterday’s EXIT task…
• HAPPY EARTH DAY! We’ll be dim as much as
possible….
Today’s Agenda
• Complete the PHET simulations work and
worksheet.
• Review answers – turn in worksheet.
• Finished early? Go to “Physics” then
“Electricity, magnets and circuits” then
“Generator”
• Play with the generator simulation. How can
you generate the MOST electricity?
4/22/14
• Exit Task
• Review answers on PHET. Talk with your neighboring
team: share answers!
• REMINDER: Homework: Read pages 388-394, 398 and
answer #1-5 on page 400
• Read pages 418-421, 425, 427 and answer #1-4 on
page 429
• Read pages 432 and 434 and answer #1-4 on page
435. Due Wednesday
4/23/14
• Entry Task
• Describe the energy transfers and
transformations in the hand crank flashlight.
• Trade and Grade HW.
• How does a compass tell direction?
• Review QUICKLY phet and turn in…
4/23/14
• NO EXIT TASKS – hold onto your sheets until
NEXT FRIDAY.
4/28/14
Week of 4/28 to 5/2/14
• Entry Task- you may use last week’s sheet…
• Watch the magnet powered pinwheel
demonstration. Describe the energy transfers
and transformations in the system.
• Finish review of last page of PHET packet.
TURN THESE IN if you have not
Today’s Agenda
• Complete introduction reading.
• Explain to other half of class what you will be building
and how it works.
• You will complete one of two different labs.
– Build a generator and answer questions.
– Build a magnet powered pinwheel and answer questions.
• BE VERY CAREFUL WITH MATERIALS!
• As a team, answer all the questions in your packet.
• ALLOW 5 FULL minutes of clean-up before EXIT TASK to
return all materials to their original condition. All
materials will be counted.
4/28/14
• Exit Task
• How did your lab demonstrate either the
generator effect or the electromagnetic
effect?
• Explain using the vocabulary:
– electric current and flow of electrons,
– magnet and magnetic field,
– wire coil and light bulb OR battery and wire.
4/29/14
• Entry Task
• Describe what you know about the
electromagnetic spectrum. List all the types EM
waves you can think of.
• Homework: Read pages 632-637. Answer #1-5,
9-11 on page 637. Read pages 606-619. Answer
#1-4, 9 on page 619. Due FRIDAY.
• Talk through yesterday’s EXIT TASK.
Today’s Agenda
• As a group, complete the packet questions
from yesterday’s lab.
• PUT EVERY GROUP MEMBER’S NAME ON TOP
and turn the packet in.
• Begin EM Spectrum Packet
• Tomorrow we will work with spectrometers.
• Finished early? Work on homework!
4/29/14
• Exit Task
• Which EM wave has the highest energy and
frequency? The lowest?
4/30/14
• Entry Task
• Read page 636. Explain technological/social uses for
each type of EM wave.
• MISSING 3 rolls of electrical tape between start of 3rd
and end 4th periods yesterday. PLEASE TURN IN…no
questions ask. Or, let me know if you saw something.
• AC vs DC? Look here!
Today’s Agenda
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GAMMA RAYS and nuclear decay…
Otherwise nuclear decay is particles…
Begin EM Spectrum Packet
Use your book and the internet to seek answers.
Log on early and work on something else while
you wait…computers are slow to load!
• Tomorrow we will work with spectrometers.
• Finished early? Work on homework!
4/30/14
• Exit Task
• Write down the EM spectrum waves in order
from lowest energy to highest energy.
5/1/14
• Entry Task
• What is a wave’s frequency and what is its
amplitude? Use a swing as an example to help
you explain. (Hint look at page 607-609).
• What is wavelength?
Today’s Agenda
• Use laptops to complete #1-5 and complete the
diagram.
• Discuss how to use spectrascopes.
• Visit each station.
• Draw spectra with color pencils for each kind of
light on the back of EM Spectrum sheet.
• Discuss answers – turn sheet in.
• http://science.hq.nasa.gov/kids/imagers//ems/in
dex.html
5/1/14
• Exit Task
• Describe one of the spectrum visible viewed
through a spectrometer. ANY one of them.
5/2/14
• Entry Task
• Say Something Nice
• Get out your Homework!
Today’s Agenda
• Look at Ms. Maring’s example spectrum.
• DRAW what you see…(not what you
“expected” to see)
• Finish as many stations as you can while being
careful observers.
Name, Partner(s) Due ?
“Wave” Labs
• Questions
1. How will the tension of the slinky affect the
time it takes for the wave to travel a given
distance?
2. How will the wave’s amplitude affect the time
it takes for the wave to travel a given distance?
• Materials
– slinky
– stop watch
– ruler/meter stick
• HYPOTHESIS
1. If the slinky’s tension is…., then..., because…
2. If the wave’s amplitude…, then..., because…
• Design and Planning
1. Tension
– VARIABLES
• Manipulated variable…
• Responding variable…
• Controls…
– Students plan and write PROCEDURE (must have three trials for 3
different tensions)
2. Amplitude
– VARIABLES
• Manipulated variable…
• Responding variable…
• Controls…
– Students plan and write PROCEDURE (must have three trials for 3
different amplitudes)
• Data Table
– Tension OR Amplitude
• three trials are required, then find average
• data table with a descriptive title, use ruler…
• Data Presentation {Graphs}
– Tension OR Amplitude
• line graphs for wave’s amplitude or tension
• descriptive title, set up axes correctly, use ruler…
• Conclusion
– Tension OR Amplitude
• state your results with number(s) to support your results
• explain your results
• Evaluation
– Tension OR Amplitude
• give two weaknesses of your lab
• give two ways you could improve these if you could do it
again
CONDITION
TIME to COMPLETE WAVE in SECONDS
Trial 1
Experimental Control
Condition
(no extra tension or
very low amplitude)
Condition 1
(low tension or low
amplitude)
Condition 2
(medium tension or
medium amplitude)
Condition 3
(high tension or high
amplitude)
Trial 2
Trial 3
Average
5/2/14
(Week of 4/28-5/2)
• Exit Task
• Trade and Grade Entry/Exit Task Sheets
• Please turn THIS WEEK’s SHEET AND LAST WEEK’s
SHEET (Weeks 4/21-23 and 4/28-5/2).
• Have a great weekend
5/5/14
Week 5/5 to 5/9/14
• Entry Task
• If you increased the amplitude of a wave in a
spring or slinky, how do you think the time for
the wave to travel would be affected?
• What if you increased the tension in the
spring or slinky? How do you think the time
for the wave to travel would be affected?
Today’s Agenda
• Complete Spectra Lab – 20 minutes
• Start Slinky Lab
• Write Pre-Lab info in Comp books
5/5/14
• Exit Task
• Which color has the longest wavelength?
Shortest wavelength?
• EXTRA: list the colors in order from longest to
shortest wavelength
5/6/14
• Entry Task
• Identify the manipulated (independent) and
responding (dependent) variables.
• List the 3 controlled variables you will include
in your procedure.
Today’s Agenda
• Finish pre-lab writing.
• WHILE CONSULTING “GREEN SHEET,” Write your:
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TITLE
Independent and dependent variables
Controlled variables
PROCEDURE
DATA TABLE
• YOU SHOULD BE FINISHED WITH THESE ITEMS BY
THE END OF CLASS>>>Please get Ms. Maring or
another classroom adult to sign off.
5/6/14
• Exit Task
• Are you ready to conduct the lab? Explain
what you finished today OR what you will
need to finish as homework tonight.
5/7/14
• Entry Task
• We have discussed electromagnetic waves and
physical waves (slinky!). How do you think sound
waves are similar? Different?
• HINT: for specifics on sound waves, consult page
620.
• SIDENOTE: We will conduct the Slinky Lab on
Thursday! Be prepared!!
Today’s Agenda
• A brief interruption in physical waves to learn
about SOUND waves…
• Watch and take notes on Bill Nye: SOUND
(approx. 25 minutes)
• Read pages 620-626. Answer all ODD
question on page 627.
5/7/14
• Exit Task
• Describe 3 specific things you understand
about sound waves.
5/8/14
• Entry Task
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Are the waves in the slinky transverse or longitudinal waves?
What kind are sound waves?
What is the difference?
HINT: Look at page 617.
• We will be signing off that your team is ready to begin the
lab (signature required in EACH team member’s comp book)
• HOMEWORK: Read pages 620-626. Answer all ODD question
on page 627. Due Monday 5/12/14 with your movie notes.
Today’s Agenda
• Please wait for a signature. While waiting,
please check that you have COMPLETED
everything from the rubric through the
PROCEDURE and DATA TABLE.
• You will be given materials once your work is
signed off.
• Conduct the lab. Record data.
• Finished early? Begin GRAPH!
5/8/14
• Exit Task
• Write your conclusive statement. This should
be the first sentence of your conclusion which
ANSWERS THE QUESTION CONCLUSIVELY.
5/9/14
Week of 5/5 – 5/9/14
• Entry Task
• Say Something Nice
• REMINDER – You should have already turned in
the ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM worksheet.
Today’s Agenda
• Complete Data collection and calculate
averages.
• LINE GRAPH
• What variable will go on the X-axis?
• What variable will go on the Y-axis?
• Label the axes!!
• Write your conclusion.
• The whole lab is due MONDAY.
EXPECTATIONS FOR WORK TIME
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SEATED in assigned seat.
WORKING productively in the time given.
TALKING QUIETLY about the work.
PRODUCING results.
NOT DISTRACTING yourself or others!

5/9/14
Week of 5/5 – 5/9/14
• Exit Task
• Trade and Grade
5/12/14
Week of 5/12 to 5/16/14
• Entry Task
• What frequency (high or low) does high pitch
sound have? Low pitch?
• How does amplitude relate to volume of sound?
• Check for answers!
http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/sound/Les
son-2/Pitch-and-Frequency
• http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/sound/Les
son-2/Intensity-and-the-Decibel-Scale
• IMPORTANT!!! All missing work for Unit 5 will be
due WEDNESDAY when we will have the TEST!!!
Today’s Agenda
• Watch some cool and informative sound videos. TAKE
NOTES!
• Physics of Sound Lecture (Williams College) 58 min
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-D9UlPcJSRM
• Homemade PVC Pipe instrument 6 min
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hHKwCZNu1Ms
• Homemade Trumpet with plastic tubing 1:35 min
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6qkh9vUlMIs
• Visualizing Sound with vibrating sand 3:38 min
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wvJAgrUBF4w
5/12/14
• Exit Task
• Describe how sound waves move or oscillate
through material.
• Please take home your study guide to start
studying tonight (please finish half) AND BRING
BACK TOMORROW to study in class time.
5/14/14
• Entry Task and Exit Task
• None.
• Any last minute QUESTIONS?
• Please prepare for the test. You will need a
pencil. All other belongings should be below
your desk.
5/15/14
• Entry Task
• What do you know about the development of
the universe across time? Consult your
neighbor and write down everything you
know.
5/13/14
• Entry Task
• Of the following topics, what do you know the
best and the least?
Today’s Agenda
• STUDY, STUDY, STUDY for the Unit 5 test
TOMORROW!!