Transcript Potential and Kinetic Energy

Kentucky Kingdom Needs
You!
Roller Coaster Physics
You are competing for the position of
head Engineer for the newest roller
coaster for Kentucky Kingdom.
You will be competing against other
designers…so may the best win!
Tasks for the
Competition:
• Take all notes during class
• Complete all homework sheets
• Grade of C or above on Summative Unit
Test
• Design plans for a “Functional” roller
coaster for the competition.
Energy in Roller
Coasters?
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ll
M1pIefpBM
Energy Information:
Copy this chart in your notebook.
Type of
Energy
Definition Factors that
Affect it
Potential
Stored
Energy
Energy depends on
Mass of object and
height above Earth’s
surface
Kinetic
Energy
of
Motion
Energy depends on
mass and speed of
object
Equation
PE= mgh
KE = ½ mv2
Which has more potential
energy?
✔
Why?
Because it is higher than
the others
Which has more kinetic
energy?
• If these are moving at the same
speed…
✔
Why?
Because it has a larger mass
Than the other
Which has more kinetic
energy?
• If these are the same mass…
✔
5 m/s
7 m/s
Why?
Because it has a greater speed
Roller Coaster Animation
• http://www.pbslearningmedia.org/res
ource/hew06.sci.phys.maf.rollercoast
er/energy-in-a-roller-coaster-ride/
Where does the pendulum have the
most potential energy?
A and C
Where does it have the most kinetic energy?
B
What is the Law of
Conservation of Energy?
• Energy cannot be created or destroyed
• It can only only be transformed
(changed) from one form to another.
• In the animation, kinetic energy is
constantly changing to potential and
potential is changing to kinetic but the
total amount of energy in the circle
always stays the same.
Wednesday, September 14th
DO NOW
Tell whether each of the following phase
changes requires energy to be added or
taken away:
1. Melting
2. Freezing
3. Sublimation
4. Vaporization
5. Deposition
6. Condensing
• Today’s PLAN
– Describe the relationship between kinetic energy and the
mass and speed of an object.
– Describe the relationship between potential energy and
the mass and position of an object.
• Today’s DO
– States of Matter and Phase Changes Quiz
– Practice calculating the kinetic and potential
energy of objects.
KE = ½ mv2
KE = (0.5) x (mass) x (velocity)2
A 10g ball is rolling at 3m/s. The
kinetic
ball has _____
energy. Calculate
it.
KE = ½ mv2
KE = (0.5) x (10g) x (3m/s)2
KE = 45 J
PE = mgh
PE = mass x gravity x height
• A 10g ball is held 2 meters from
potential energy.
the ground. It has _____
Calculate it. g = 9.8 m/s2 (ALWAYS)
PE = mgh
PE = 10g x 9.8 m/s2 x 2m
PE = 196 J
DO NOW
Monday, September 19th
1. What does the Law of Conservation
of Energy say?
2. Write the equation for calculating
potential energy.
3. Write the equation for calculating
kinetic energy.
• Today’s PLAN
• Describe the relationship between kinetic energy and
the mass and speed of an object.
• Describe the relationship between potential energy
and the mass and position of an object.
• Todays DO
– We will discuss and conduct the Ball Drop
Experiment.
– We will calculate potential and kinetic energy for
the Ball Drop Experiment, answer the Conclusion
questions, and turn in the lab.
Ball Drop Lab
• Begin reading the Ball Drop lab
handout given to you.
• Circle your choice in the Hypothesis
section and read the procedures.
LAB EXPECTATIONS
• Work ONLY with your partner
• Use one person’s cell phone as a TIMER
ONLY
• Treat each other and lab materials
APPROPRIATELY and with RESPECT
• Each person should do his/her part.
• Return materials to appropriate location
when finished
• Work QUIETLY with your group on analysis
and conclusion when finished.
DO NOW
Tuesday, September 20th
1. What kind of energy does a bicycle sitting in
the yard have? Potential
2. What type of energy does a bicycle rolling down
the sidewalk have? Kinetic
3. If the bike sitting in the yard has a mass of
25,000 grams and is sitting on bike rack 1
meter off the ground, calculate its energy.
PEthe
= mgh
25,000
x 9.8
1 = 254,000
4. If
bike= has
a mass
ofx25,000
gramsJand is
rolling at a speed of 4 m/s, calculate its energy.
KE = ½ mv2 = 0.5 x 25,000 x (4)2 = 200,000 J
• Today’s PLAN
• Describe the relationship between kinetic energy and
the mass and speed of an object.
• Describe the relationship between potential energy
and the mass and position of an object.
• Todays DO
–
–
–
–
Questions about yesterday’s Ball Drop Lab
Kinetic and Potential Energy Quiz
Redo States of Matter and Phase Changes Quiz
Interpret graphs of Kinetic Energy
QUIZ EXPECTATIONS
•
•
•
•
Do your best.
Do your own work.
Remain quiet at all times.
Finished?
PE = m x g x h
*g = 9.8 m/s2
KE = ½ mv2
– Raise your hand to see/redo your States of Matter
Quiz- You may use notes in your journal for this
– Raise your hand to turn in your redo quiz and begin
working on the Interpreting Kinetic Energy Graphs
sheet
DO NOW
Wednesday, September 20th
• Complete the Ramp Lab hypothesis.
• Read the Procedures.
• Today’s PLAN
• Describe the relationship between kinetic energy and
the mass and speed of an object.
• Describe the relationship between potential energy
and the mass and position of an object.
• Todays DO
– Complete the Ramp Lab Data and Questions and
turn in.
– You will have no more than 30 minutes to collect
all of your data so work quickly and stay on task.
LAB EXPECTATIONS
• Work ONLY with your group
• Use one person’s cell phone as a TIMER ONLY
• Treat each other and lab materials APPROPRIATELY
and with RESPECT
• Each person should do his/her part:
–
–
–
–
Materials/Build and take down ramp
Roll the ball
Timer
Data Collector
• Return materials to appropriate location when finished
• Work QUIETLY with your group on questions when
finished.
Exit Slip:
• Explain how mass and velocity
affects kinetic energy.
• Explain how mass and height affect
potential energy.
DO NOW THURSDAY
SEPTEMBER 22nd
In your lab yesterday,
1. How did mass of ball affect velocity?
2. How did height of ramp affect
velocity?
3. How did mass of ball affect energy?
• Today’s PLAN
• Illustrate Mastery of Matter and Energy Learning
Targets
• Todays DO
– Work independently on Matter and Energy Study
Guide (correct answers will help you on Kahoot
game)
– Complete States of Matter and Phase Changes
Graphic organizer
– Kahoot (as long as you earn it!!  )
DO NOW MONDAY
SEPTEMBER 26th
Why does steam burn the skin worse
than boiling water?
(Hint: Talk about the energy of the particles.)
• Today’s PLAN
• Illustrate Mastery of Matter and Energy Learning
Targets
• Todays DO
– Complete another States of Matter Chart to
review the states of matter
– Answer questions about kinetic and potential
energy
– Practice more kinetic and potential energy
calculations
Not definite
Not definite
Fastest
Far apart
Not definite
Not definite
Very fast
Far apart
Definite
Not definite
Slower
Particles close
Definite
Definite
Slowest
Particles closest
PE
=
m x g
x
h
Potential Energy = mass x gravity x height
Potential energy depends upon MASS and HEIGHT.
More mass means more PE. More height means more PE.
KE
= ½ x m x
v2
Kinetic Energy = 0.5 x mass x (velocity)2
Kinetic energy depends upon
MASS and VELOCITY (SPEED).
More mass means more KE. More speed means more KE.
Which object has more energy? What type? Why?
Which object has more energy? What type? Why?
A 2000 kilogram boat is moving at 5 m/s. The boat has
______________ energy. Calculate it.
A 500 kilogram elevator has stopped 100 m high in a building. The elevator
has _____________ energy. Calculate it.
A group of students measures the speed of a 0.1 kg car as 2.5 m/s.
The car has ______________ energy. Calculate it.
The car from the problem above began on a ramp 1 m off the ground.
At the top of the ramp, the car had _____________ energy. Calculate it.
You weigh 50 kg and are on roller blades at the top of a 4 m hill.
You have _______________ energy. Calculate it.
DO NOW
Tuesday, September 27th
• Get out your study guide and study
for today’s Matter and Energy Test
• Today’s PLAN
• Illustrate Mastery of Matter and Energy Learning
Targets
• Todays DO
– Matter and Energy Test
– Matter and Energy Crossword
TEST EXPECTATIONS
• Do your best.
• Do your own work.
• Finish the test within the class
period. (No staying after bell.)
• Remain quiet at all times.
• Finished?
– Turn your paper in to the side cart.
– Pick up a Crossword and complete
– (1st period-retake Matter and Energy
quiz if necessary)
DO NOW FRIDAY
• Tape a piece of data notebook graph
paper on the back inside cover of
your journal.
• Make a bar graph of your score on
the Matter and Energy Test.
• At the bottom of your bar graph,
label the bar “Matter and Energy
Test”.
• Today’s PLAN
– To demonstrate Mastery of Matter and
Energy Learning Targets on a written
exam.
• Today’s DO
– Completing enrichment or remediation
activities over Matter and Energy.
MATTER AND ENERGY
TEST REDO
• If you made a C or above (70-100), you will be
designing and building a roller coaster as an
enrichment activity.
• If you made below a C (0-69), you will be using
your study guide and notes to INDEPENDENTLY
complete a worksheet over Matter and Energy.
The number of points you get back on your test
depends upon how many questions you get correct
on this worksheet.
– You may ask me for help, but no one else.
Building a Roller Coaster:
CHALLENGE
• Design and build a roller coaster that can travel
from beginning to end with no stops.
• Add as many of the following as possible or think of
new challenges.
– Add as many loops as possible
– Make one with the highest hill
– Add as many hills as possible
• Once you have tested your design and it works,
sketch your roller coaster and label the places
where it has more potential energy and where it
has more kinetic energy. Turn in to the black
basket.