Transcript Engineering Outreach - Project Collaboration Tool

Engineering Outreach
Presented by Dominic Nolan. The Royal Academy of Engineering
Objectives
Delegates will know / be able to / will understand…
• How The Royal Academy of Engineering supports STEM
outreach
• Receive hands-on experience of an outreach resource
• Evaluate an outreach activity
• Identify areas of development for outreach activity
Engineering Outreach
The London Engineering Project (LEP)
Strengthen engineering by widening participation in
engineering higher education, seeking the active
participation of under-represented groups i.e. women,
students from certain minority ethnic groups and students
from families with no experience of higher education.
www.thelep.org.uk
The Engaging Engineering Project (EEnP)
www.raeng.org.uk/education/eenp
Athlete or Machine?
www.raeng.org.uk/athleteormachine
Investigate the big
question: athlete or
machine?
•Practical activities and testing
•Mathematics activities
•Science activities
•Engineer/athlete video
•Student led
•Independent investigation
•Higher level thinking
•Scheme of work for STEM day or
STEM club
Make a 1:5 bob skeleton
sled
•90 minute make
•Cheap materials
•Basic tools and equipment
Make a launcher
Make some timing
gates (if you have the
time)
Launch pressure
consistency
Bob Skeleton
•1500m track
•150 m vertical drop
•143 km/h (40 m/s, 89 mph)
•Athletes times differ by tenths of seconds
•Rules for sled’s dimensions, mass and
materials
•33 – 43 kg sled
•Amy Williams - Olympic gold 2010
•www.youtube.com
CHALLENGE
•Make a model of a bob skeleton sled
•See how far you can launch a Barbie!
•Present an answer to the question:
Athlete or Machine?
Which is more important in the sport of bob
skeleton?
Make a 1:5 bob skeleton sled
•Make the runners by bending the
metal rod
•Attach runners to pod with cable ties
•Make sled’s launch tube using
acetate sheet, tape and a plastic nose
cone (check that it fits onto the pump’s
launch tube)
•Fix the launch tube to the pod with
double-sided sticky pads
Launch the model bob
skeleton sled.
Launch Barbie!
Factors
Weight
The athlete’s shape
The athlete’s position
Aerodynamic lift
Steering
Clothing and equipment
Starting
Corners
Ergonomics (how the body fits a product)
Track incline (the slope down the length of the track)
Friction on the ice
Aerodynamic drag (air resistance)
Tuning the characteristics of the skeleton
Material choice
Sled runners
Mathematics and
science activities
Energy transfer
Potential Energy (PE) = m x g x h
144 639 Joules (J)
Gravity (g) =
9.81 m/s2
Mass (m) of athlete
and sled = 97kg
Change in PE for our athlete and sled =
1450m
Vertical drop of
track (h) =
152m
Kinetic Energy (KE) = ½ x m x v2
(diagram not to scale)
0.5 x 97 kg x (40.23 x 40.23) = 78495 J
The bob skeleton: kinetic energy gained during a run
Max speed if all PE
transferred into KE
200000
Why isn’t the all of the athlete’s and
180000
sled’s potential energy transferred into
kinetic energy?
Kinetic energy (Joules)
160000
140000
120000
100000
80000
60000
Amy
Williams
max
speed
40000
20000
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
Speed in metres per second (m/s)
45
50
55
60
Calculating friction force
Ff =  x m x g
What is the friction force acting on the runners of a bob skeleton sled and
athlete with the combined mass of 97 kg (athlete = 68 kg, sled = 29 kg)?
28.55 N
Ff = …………………………
=
Mu, the coefficient of friction (steel on ice = 0.03).
m=
Mass (kg).
g =
The acceleration due to the gravity, which is 9.81 m/s2.
Calculating drag force
Calculate the drag force acting on the athlete and
sled as they travel down the track at 40 m/s?
FDRAG = ½ x  x CD x Af x V2
60.01 N
FDRAG = ………………………….
 =
1.2 kg/m3
(density of air)
CD =
0.45
(drag coefficient of athlete and sled)
Af =
0.139 m2
(frontal area of athlete and sled)
V =
40 m/s
(velocity)
What is the total force resisting the
forward movement of the athlete and
her sled down the track?
88.56N
FTOTAL = ……………………………………
80
Force in Newtons (N)
70
Between which velocities is friction
60
force dominant?
50
………………………………………………..
40
Between which velocities is drag force
30
dominant?
20
………………………………………………..
10
0
You can compare the two forces on the
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Speed in metres/second (m/s)
40
45
graph here.
Prove that it is better to be heavy and narrow when competing in
The sport of bob skeleton.
ATHLETE 1
ATHLETE 2
Total mass: 97 kg
Total mass: 100 kg
Af :
0.139 m2
Af :
0.129 m2
Friction
28.55 N
Friction
29.43 N
Drag
60.01 N
Drag
55.73 N
Total
88.56 N
Total
85.16 N
Athlete or Machine?
Which is more important in the sport of bob
skeleton?
•Discuss this question with your partner/team
•Present your answer to the rest of the group
Discussion
• What is good about this activity?
• How would you change or improve the activity?
• How well would this activity work for your organisation?
•
Who would benefit and how?
•
Which members of staff would you need to involve?
•
Do you have the room?
•
Would you need to buy extra equipment or resources?
•
What are the barriers to success and how could they be removed?
• What are the strengths of your current outreach activities and
how could they be developed?