Transcript Part I
• The entire Laws of Motion and Machines Unit includes a… • Three Part 1660+ Slide PowerPoint Presentation full of builtin activities with instructions and questions, red slide notes, quizzes, review opportunities and much more. • 16 Page bundled homework package and modified version that chronologically follow slideshow with answers key • 12 Pages of unit notes with visuals for students who require assistance and for support professionals. • Links to relevant websites and videos. • Materials List and Curriculum Guide • Two PowerPoint review games (125+ Slides Each) • Rubrics, activity sheets, first day PowerPoint, flashcards, crosswords, and much more. • http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Newtons_Laws_Motion_Mach ines_Unit.html • More Units Available at… Earth Science: The Soil Science and Glaciers Unit, The Geology Topics Unit, The Astronomy Topics Unit, The Weather and Climate Unit, and The River Unit, The Water Molecule Unit. Physical Science: The Laws of Motion and Machines Unit, The Atoms and Periodic Table Unit, The Energy and the Environment Unit, and The Introduction to Science / Metric Unit. Life Science: The Diseases and Cells Unit, The DNA and Genetics Unit, The Life Topics Unit, The Plant Unit, The Taxonomy and Classification Unit, Ecology: Feeding Levels Unit, Ecology: Interactions Unit, Ecology: Abiotic Factors, The Evolution and Natural Selection Unit and the Human Body Systems and Health Topics Unit Copyright © 2011 www.sciencepowerpoint.com LLC. • RED SLIDE: These are notes that are very important and should be recorded in your science journal. • BLACK SLIDE: Pay attention, follow directions, complete projects as described and answer required questions neatly. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy -Nice neat notes that are legible and use indentations when appropriate. -Nice neat notes that are legible and use indentations when appropriate. -Example of indent. -Nice neat notes that are legible and use indentations when appropriate. -Example of indent. -Skip a line between topics -Nice neat notes that are legible and use indentations when appropriate. -Example of indent. -Skip a line between topics -Make visuals clear and well drawn. -Nice neat notes that are legible and use indentations when appropriate. -Example of indent. -Skip a line between topics -Make visuals clear and well drawn. Please label. Resistance Arm Effort Arm • Keep an eye out for “The-Owl” and raise your hand as soon as you see him. – He will be hiding somewhere in the slideshow “Hoot, Hoot” “Good Luck!” Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy New Area of Focus – Machines, Catapults, Newton’s, and Trajectory. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Catapults - Potential energy (U) is transferred into rotational kinetic energy (K), with some loss due to friction. U = K Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Catapults - Potential energy (U) is transferred into rotational kinetic energy (K), with some loss due to friction. U = K Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Catapults - Potential energy (U) is transferred into rotational kinetic energy (K), with some loss due to friction. U = K Energy removed from system (now Unavailable) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Catapults - Potential energy (U) is transferred into rotational kinetic energy (K), with some loss due to friction. U = K Energy removed from system (now Unavailable) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Catapults - Potential energy (U) is transferred into rotational kinetic energy (K), with some loss due to friction. U = K Energy removed from system (now Unavailable) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • A trebuchet catapult uses stored potential energy and gravity to create centrifugal forces that can throw a projectile great distances. Potential Energy (Counterweight) Gravity pulls the weight down Objects in motion stay motion First Axis Second axis increases the centrifugal forces Second axis increases the centrifugal forces Centrifugal force: The outward force when traveling in a circle. Where is the point where the centrifugal force is released? B A C D E B A C D E B A C D E • Video! (Optional) Catapult tossing a car. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Trajectory: The path that a projectile makes through space under the action of given forces such as thrust, wind, and gravity. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy A B C D Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy A B C What colors should the letter be? D Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy A B C What colors should the letter be? D Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy A B C What colors should the letter be? D Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy A B C What colors should the letter be? D Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy A B C What colors should the letter be? D Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy A B C What colors should the letter be? D Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy A B C D Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy A B Which letter represents the apex of the group? C D Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy C B A D Which letter represents the apex of B? E Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy C B A D Answer: D Apex = Upper E Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Activity! Ragdoll Cannon Game. How is trajectory used to complete the game? – Type Ragdoll Cannon on a Google search or – http://www.kongregate.com/games/Johnny_K/ ragdoll-cannon Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Activity! Going outside and learning about trajectory (Teacher or Student Demonstration) – Please record the following angles for these clubs. • Driver: 80°, 3 Iron: 65°, 7 Iron: 55°, PW: 35° • Activity! Please record the following angles for these clubs. – Driver: 80° – 3 Iron: 65° – 7 Iron: 55° – PW: 35° Foam golf balls recommended! Driver = 80 ° 7 Iron = 55 ° 3 Iron = 65 ° PW = 35 ° Driver = 80 ° 7 Iron = 55 ° 3 Iron = 65 ° PW = 35 ° Driver = 80 ° 7 Iron = 55 ° 3 Iron = 65 ° PW = 35 ° • Please record the a picture like this and then Driver, a rough Please sketch trajectory of the trajectory with the club type. 3 Iron, 7 Iron and Pitching Wedge. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • A rough example of what the trajectory may have looked like? – Which club will hit the ball the furthest with the lowest apex? – Which club will give you the highest apex but the shortest distance? – Draw the projected trajectory for a 9 Iron - 45°? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Please record the a picture like this and then Dirver, a rough Please sketch trajectory of the trajectory with the club type. 3 Iron, 7 Iron and Pitching Wedge. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy PW 7Iron 3 Iron Driver What would the projected trajectory be of the 9 iron? PW 7Iron 3 Iron Driver 9 Iron What would the path look like without gravity? What would the path look like without gravity? It would keep going until acted upon by a force. What would the path look like without gravity? What would the path look like on Earth? What would the path look like on Earth? Objects usually have a parabolic trajectory on Earth because of gravity • Activity! Constructing a spoon catapult that fires marshmallows to attack a fort. – Must make it over wall – Parabolic Trajectory Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Activity! Creating a spoon catapult. – You must describe some of the physics associated with your catapult before can fire it. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Activity! Creating a spoon catapult. – You must describe some of the physics associated with your catapult before can fire it. – Prepare a short presentation, don’t wing it. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • There will be a large wall in front of target. Need parabolic trajectory to hit target Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Force: Is a PUSH or a PULL, that causes a change in the motion or shape of an object. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Engine: A machine that converts energy into mechanical force or motion. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Machines… - Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Transfer force from one place to another. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Change direction of a force. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Increase the magnitude of a force. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Increase the distance or speed of a force. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Force is measured in a unit called the Newton. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy One Newton is the amount of force required to give a 1 kg mass an acceleration of 1 m/s/s. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy One Newton is the amount of force required to give a 1 kg mass an acceleration of 1 m/s/s. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Mass: Amount of matter in an object. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy New Area of focus: Simple Machines. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Project! Mouseter Truck – Activity Sheet Provided. • The Dangers of a Mouse Trap! – Place a Hot Dog (Your fingers) into the mouse trap. – What did we learn? • The Dangers of a Mouse Trap! – Place a Hot Dog (Your fingers) into the mouse trap. – What did we learn? • The Dangers of a Mouse Trap! – Place a Hot Dog (Your fingers) into the mouse trap. – What did we learn? You must set your mousetrap and then spring it to start car. Mousetraps are cheap and will break easily so please limit their use as much as you can. • Part I: Build a vehicle that is powered by a mouse trap and will travel across the floor. – Good grade = Goes far – Bad grade = Doesn’t go far – Cool and colorful but doesn’t go far = Bad grade • Part I: Build a vehicle that is powered by a mouse trap and will travel across the floor. – Good grade = Goes far (5+ Meters) – Bad grade = Doesn’t go far (Less than 5 Meters) – Cool and colorful but doesn’t go far = Bad grade • Part I: Build a vehicle that is powered by a mouse trap and will travel across the floor. – Good grade = Goes far – Poor grade = Doesn’t go far (Less than 5 meters) – Cool and colorful but doesn’t go far = Bad grade • Part I: Build a vehicle that is powered by a mouse trap and will travel across the floor. – Good grade = Goes far – Poor grade = Doesn’t go far – Cool and colorful but doesn’t go far = • Part I: Build a vehicle that is powered by a mouse trap and will travel across the floor. – Good grade = Goes far – Poor grade = Doesn’t go far – Cool and colorful but doesn’t go far = Poor grade! • Rules: The mousetrap must power your vehicle. – Additional energy in the form of elastics and bowed wood etc. are allowed as long as they are a part of the mousetrap engine. • Rules: The mousetrap must power your vehicle. – Additional energy in the form of elastics and bowed wood etc. are allowed as long as they are a part of the mousetrap engine. • Materials you are provided if you want them or need them. – Standard Mousetrap • Materials you are provided if you want them or need them. – Standard Mousetrap – Wood Block • Materials you are provided if you want them or need them. – Standard Mousetrap – Wood Block – String • Materials you are provided if you want them or need them. – Standard Mousetrap – Wood Block – String – Elastics • Materials you are provided if you want them or need them. – Standard Mousetrap – Wood Block – String – Elastics – Old cd’s • Materials you are provided if you want them or need them. – Standard Mousetrap – Wood Block – String – Elastics – Old cd’s – Old Colored Pencils • Materials you are provided if you want them or need them. – Standard Mousetrap – Wood Block – String – Elastics – Old cd’s – Old Colored Pencils – Old Crayola Markers • Materials you are provided if you want them or need them. – Standard Mousetrap – Wood Block – String – Elastics – Old cd’s – Old Colored Pencils – Old Crayola Markers – Screw Eyes • Lost! Go online and find some examples. – There are hundreds of examples and videos that describe how to build one. • Lost! Go online and find some examples. – There are hundreds of examples and videos that describe how to build one. • Lost! Go online and find some examples. – There are hundreds of examples and videos that describe how to build one. • Lost! Go online and find some examples. – There are hundreds of examples and videos that describe how to build one. • Lost! Go online and find some examples. – There are hundreds of examples and videos that describe how to build one. • Lost! Go online and find some examples. – There are hundreds of examples and videos that describe how to build one. • Lost! Go online and find some examples. – There are hundreds of examples and videos that describe how to build one. • Lost! Go online and find some examples. – There are hundreds of examples and videos that describe how to build one. • Part II: The Mini-Poster / Google Sketch Up – Introduce your Mouseter Truck with its cool name and an awesome visual. • Part II (Poster) – Your poster must cover many science topics we have learned. • Kinetic Energy KE = ½ M * V2 • Potential Energy PE = mgh • Newton’s Three Laws • Aerodynamics • Friction Types – etc. • All Simple Machines Used… – Include MA of Wheel and Axle – Any other Simple Machines used • Calculations should include…. • Speed / Velocity D/T • Kinetic Energy KE= ½ M * V2 • Force = Work * Distance • Work = Force * Distance • Momentum = Mass * Velocity • Activity: Ancient use of Simple Machines. – Use PVC piping an to move an upside down lab table and some people sitting on it down the hall. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Please reflect upon the activity. – What type of machine was used? – Did it help? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Mechanical advantage (MA): The number of times a machine multiplies your effort force. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy To find MA Divide resistance force (usually weight in g) by the effort force (Newtons) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy To find MA Divide resistance force (usually weight in g) by the effort force (Newton) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Simple machines: Types of machines that do work with one movement. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Simple machines: Types of machines that do work with one movement. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Simple machines: Types of machines that do work with one movement. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Simple machines: Types of machines that do work with one movement. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Simple machines: Types of machines that do work with one movement. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Simple machines: Types of machines that do work with one movement. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Simple machines: Types of machines that do work with one movement. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Simple machines: Types of machines that do work with one movement. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Pulley Uses grooved wheels and a rope to raise, lower or move a load. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Pulley Uses grooved wheels and a rope to raise, lower or move a load. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy A pulley makes work seem easier Changes the direction of motion to work with gravity. Instead of lifting up, you can pull down. Uses your body weight against the resistance. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy A pulley makes work seem easier Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy A pulley makes work seem easier Changes gravity. the direction of motion to work with Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy A pulley makes work seem easier Changes the direction of motion to work with gravity. Instead of lifting up, you can pull down. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy A pulley makes work seem easier Changes the direction of motion to work with gravity. Instead of lifting up, you can pull down. Uses your body weight against the resistance. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy The more pulleys that are used, the more the MA (Mechanical Advantage). Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy The more pulleys that are used, the more the MA (Mechanical Advantage). Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy MA = The number of ropes that support the pulley. The end of the rope doesn’t count. What is the MA of this pulley system below? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • MA = The number of ropes that support the pulley. The end of the rope doesn’t count. – What is the MA of this pulley system below? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Answer: The MA is 2. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • What is the MA of this pulley system? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Answer, the MA is 4. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Three types of pulleys - Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Fixed pulley No MA Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Fixed pulley No MA Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Movable Pulley Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Combined Pulley / Block and tackle Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Rock climbing uses pulleys. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Sailing uses pulleys to ease difficult jobs. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Pulleys • The chain on your bicycle is a pulley. • Quiz Wiz 1-10 Fixed Pulley, Moveable Pulley, Block and Tackle/Combined Pulley Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy 1 1 What’s the Mechanical Advantage? 2 2 What is the Mechanical Advantage? 3 3 Can you determine The Mechanical Advantage? 4 5 5 What is the MA? 6 7 8 9 9 What is the MA? 10 • Who is this? • Answers! Quiz Wiz 1-10 Fixed Pulley, Moveable Pulley, Block and Tackle/Combined Pulley Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy 1 1 Combined Pulley / Block and Tackle 1 Combined Pulley / Block and Tackle Mechanical Advantage 2 2 2 Fixed Pulley 2 Fixed Pulley 0/No Mechanical Advantage 3 3 Block and Tackle 3 Block and Tackle MA= 4 4 4 Moveable Pulley 5 5 Combined Pulley / Block and Tackle 5 Combined Pulley / Block and Tackle MA=2 6 6 Moveable Pulley 7 7 Moveable Pulley 8 8 Moveable Pulley 9 9 Combined Pulley / Block and Tackle 9 Combined Pulley / Block and Tackle MA= 3 10 10 Fixed Pulley • Who is this? • Who is this? Hello Kitty • Activity! Using the three types of Pulleys Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Top Pulley Bottom Pulley Top Pulley Bottom Pulley Top Pulley Bottom Pulley Top Pulley Bottom Pulley Top Pulley Bottom Pulley Please create this spreadsheet in your journal. Weight (g) No Pulley ____ grams Fixed Pulley ____ grams Combined Pulley 2 ____ grams Combined Pulley 4 ____ grams Newtons Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Please use the materials to do the following. – Measure the Newtons required with a Spring Scale to lift the ____ grams of weight with the different pulleys described in the spreadsheet. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Please use the materials to do the following. – Measure the Newtons required with a Spring Scale to lift the ____ grams of weight with the different pulleys described in the spreadsheet. Remember to zero your spring scale! Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Please use the materials to do the following. – Record the Newtons required with a Spring Scale to lift the ____ grams of weight with a fixed pulley. • Fixed Pulley System Construction • Fixed Pulley System Construction • Fixed Pulley System Construction • Fixed Pulley System Construction • Fixed Pulley System Construction • Fixed Pulley System Construction • Fixed Pulley System Construction • Please use the materials to do the following. – Record the Newtons with a combined pulley to lift the 480 grams of weight? Spring Scale Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy • Two Pulley System Construction • Two Pulley System Construction • Two Pulley System Construction • Two Pulley System Construction • Two Pulley System Construction • Two Pulley System Construction • Two Pulley System Construction • Two Pulley System Construction • Please use the materials to do the following. – Record Newtons with a combined pulley (4) to lift the 480 grams of weight? • 4 Pulley System Construction • 4 Pulley System Construction • 4 Pulley System Construction Two wheels / Pulley • 4 Pulley System Construction Two wheels / Pulley • 4 Pulley System Construction • 4 Pulley System Construction • The entire Laws of Motion and Machines Unit includes a… • Three Part 1660+ Slide PowerPoint Presentation full of builtin activities with instructions and questions, red slide notes, quizzes, review opportunities and much more. • 16 Page bundled homework package and modified version that chronologically follow slideshow with answers key • 12 Pages of unit notes with visuals for students who require assistance and for support professionals. • Links to relevant websites and videos. • Materials List and Curriculum Guide • Two PowerPoint review games (125+ Slides Each) • Rubrics, activity sheets, first day PowerPoint, flashcards, crosswords, and much more. • http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Newtons_Laws_Motion_Mach ines_Unit.html • More Units Available at… Earth Science: The Soil Science and Glaciers Unit, The Geology Topics Unit, The Astronomy Topics Unit, The Weather and Climate Unit, and The River Unit, The Water Molecule Unit. Physical Science: The Laws of Motion and Machines Unit, The Atoms and Periodic Table Unit, The Energy and the Environment Unit, and The Introduction to Science / Metric Unit. Life Science: The Diseases and Cells Unit, The DNA and Genetics Unit, The Life Topics Unit, The Plant Unit, The Taxonomy and Classification Unit, Ecology: Feeding Levels Unit, Ecology: Interactions Unit, Ecology: Abiotic Factors, The Evolution and Natural Selection Unit and the Human Body Systems and Health Topics Unit Copyright © 2011 www.sciencepowerpoint.com LLC.