Transcript Physics Lesson 1

PHYSICS & THE MOTION OF SPORT
Sports are jam
packed with
physics and
motion!
Physics concepts such as:
Motion, velocity, speed, acceleration, force,
inertia, mass, friction, gravity, power
are present in many sports!
PHYSICS AND SPORTS EQUIPMENT:
BASKETBALL
BOUNCES -bounce pass,dribbling,
shooting off backboard
FOOTBALL
SHAPE OF FOOTBALL - enables the spiral
pass - by reducing air resistance, therefore
you can throw it farther
BASEBALL
SEAMS on the baseball allow pitcher to throw
difficult pitches
GOLFBALL
Has DIMPLES - helps air flow around the ball
(therefore reduces air resistance, keeps path
flight straight)
AERODYNAMIC Reduces air resistance to motion, also
CYCLING/SPEED known as drag
SKATING SUITS
THE PHYSICS OF A SOCCER BALL
TRADITIONAL BALL
•Round shape, smooth surface
• Result - Air would stick to front of
ball and slow it down
NEW SOCCER BALL
INCREASED DYNAMICS
NEW BALL
• Has dimples on surface - this
redirects the air to flow around the
ball, increasing speed by 20%
• Less drag - Straighter/smoother
flights
QUESTION
How does the amount of air in a soccer
ball affect how far it travels when struck
by the same force?
HIGHER AIR PRESSURE = improves the ball's
rebound off the foot of a player. The ball
deforms less during impact, so less energy is
lost to deformation, therefore the ball will
travel a greater distance.
PHYSICS OF HOCKEY
THE ICE
• FAST ICE = (HARDER/COLDER/SMOOTH SURFACE) LESS
FRICTION
• SLOW ICE = (SOFTER/WARMER) MORE FRICTION
INTERACTION OF BLADE AND ICE SURFACE
More FORCE/leg power provided by the skater =
Less FORCE/leg power provided by the skater =
FASTER
SLOWER
THE EQUIPMENT
SKATES = Blades = made of steel.
Surface of the blade is not flat, it is concave, this
produces two sharp edges
Edges = increase players ability to dig into the ice
- to stop, start or change direction
THE SLAP SHOT
WEIGHT TRANSFER
Weight of player transfers from his/her back legs right
through to the stick in his/her hands
The overall motion is combined with the stick snapping
back, releasing ENERGY into the puck
CHECKING - Using physical FORCE to gain possession of the
puck
LUGE
FORCE is used to get sled moving
GRAVITY causes ACCELERATION
FRICTION between the ice and the sled
The WEIGHT of the luger places PRESSURE on the ice,
melting it and creating a slippery layer of water that helps
REDUCE FRICTION
• EQUIPMENT - REDUCE FRICTIONAL FORCES:
• Tight rubberized suits
• Special helmets with rounded face shields
• Aerodynamic sled design
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=atwcIduYnfU
PHYSICS
& MOTION OF
SPORT - ACTIVITY
In groups of two - research the
physics/science
of a particular sport:
Choose ONE sport from this list:
Football
Cycling
Figure Skating
Golf
Baseball
Bowling
Volleyball
Soccer
Snowboarding
Surfing
Kayaking
Tennis
Swimming
Skateboarding
Basketball
Curling
Weightlifting
Gymnastics
Skiing
Bobsledding
QuickTime™ and a
decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Motion Related
Technology
MOTION RELATED TECHNOLOGIES
Bicycle, snowmobile, skateboard, skates, wheelchairs,
Planes, vehicles, kayaks, canoes etc.
TECHNOLOGICAL TOOLS USED TO
MEASURE MOTION
STOP WATCH - Used to
measure time and
distance
Metronome - A mechanical or
digital device used for marking
time for musicians
Motion Sensor - A
device that uses sound
waves to detect motion
Ticker timer - A timing device
which makes a series of dots
on a paper tape as it is pulled
through a timer
TICKER TAPE
Used to analyze the MOTION of objects in physics labs
A long tape is attached to a moving object and threaded
through a device that places a tick upon the tape at regular
intervals of time
As the object moves, it drags the tape through the "ticker,"
thus leaving a trail of dots
Ticker tape can also reveal if an object is moving at
a CONSTANT VELOCITY or ACCELERATING
MOTION
RELATED
TECHNOLOGY
THE KAYAK
A blend of ART and SCIENCE
SEA KAYAK
Long, narrow and built for
speed
• Less maneuverable, but
fast in a straight line
• Glide further per stroke
WHITE WATER KAYAK
Short, wide, can turn on a
dime
• Less stable, but far more
maneuverable
Common Materials - Plastic, wood or fiberglass
ROLLERCOASTER PHYSICS
ROLLER COASTERS DO NOT HAVE ENGINES!
The car is pulled to the top of the first hill, but after this the
coaster must complete the ride itself
The conversion of potential
energy to kinetic energy is what
drives the roller coaster
POTENTIAL ENERGY- Stored energy
KINETIC ENERGY - Energy of motionAbility to move.
HEIGHT OF FIRST HILL
There is a relationship between the
height of the first hill and the speed of
the roller coaster
FREE FALL RIDES
THE RIDE TO THE TOP - FORCE
is applied to the car to lift it to the
top of the free-fall tower.
MOMENTARY SUSPENSION - The
riders are suspended in
the air for a brief moment in time
DOWNWARD PLUNGE - The car
suddenly drops and begins
to ACCELERATE toward the ground
ROBOTS
Devices that can
respond to sensory
input
ROBOTICS = A
branch of
Artificial
Intelligence
AIBO
Made by: Sony (Japan)
AIBO stands for: Artificial Intelligent Bot
AIBO features a variety of
senses:
Touch - Sensors on head, back,
chin & paws.
Hearing - Pair of stereo
microphones, voice recognition.
Sight - Color camera, distance
sensors and facial recognition.
Balance - Keeps balance through
acceleration sensors
SO WHAT CAN AIBO DO?
Each AIBO begins life as a newborn
puppy, over time it will develop its
own unique personality based upon
how it is raised.
AIBO can take photos on command,
these can be sent via email or stored
on his memory card.
AIBO can detect movement and
sound
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NKAeihiy5Ck&feature=related
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pqtsR-2Ph94&feature=related
TRANSPORTATION
Automobiles, planes, boats, subways, trains, helicopters etc.
MASS TRANSPORTATION - Any kind of transportation
system in which large numbers of people are carried
within a single vehicle
ADVANTAGES OF MASS TRANSPORTATION?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0Me5FD_D0M&feature=PlayList&p=DDE86B2FEF7AD3F3&playnext=1&playnext_from=PL&index=15
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9nPt-s2bg3c&feature=PlayList&p=DDE86B2FEF7AD3F3&index=17
TELESCOPE - Hubble Satellite
• Hubble has left a
stunning legacy
of information to
astronomy
researchers over
the years and
continues to
produce more to
this very day.
Takes high resolution images of planets, stars,
galaxies and more
http://www.sciencekids.co.nz/videos/space/hubble.html
SPIRAL
GALAXY
SPACE
NEBULA
M
A
R
S
DYING STAR
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mmz5qYbKsvM
SO WHAT DOES IT ALL
MEAN?
Answer each of these questions in a couple of
sentences:
1. How does technology impact your daily life?
2. How will technology have an impact on your future?
3. What are some disadvantages and advantages
associated with technology? (List 2 to 3 advantages
AND disadvantages)
4. Do you think that technology is a good
or bad thing? Explain why.
5. How do you think technology has an
Impact on the environment?
-Creation of new jobs
- Cost effectiveness
- Communication
- Increased Productivity
- Advances in Health
Care & Medicine
- Advances in
Transportation - Shorter
traveling distances
-Unemployment
-Loss of privacy
-Lack of job security
-Kids are becoming
increasingly inactive
-Can be unreliable prone to
malfunctions
CAN YOU THINK OF ANY OTHERS?
MOTION
QuickTime™ and a
decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=odGx5JajnHU&feature=related
The MOTION of objects can be
described in everyday words
ACTIVITY
Choose five different everyday objects that are in
MOTION
(ex. Skateboards, vehicles, birds, dogs,
wheelchairs, skis, roller blades, bicycles etc.) Write
down a description of the motion of each object in
your own words.
For example: BIRD MOTION: Can fly fast, can fly slow, uses
power produced by flapping wings to fly, flight can be
smooth or sporadic, birds can glide etc.
Motion is one of the key topics in physics
EVERYTHING IN THE UNIVERSE MOVES
Even if you appear to be standing still, the
Earth is moving around the Sun, and the Sun
is moving around our galaxy
Motion is one part of what physicists call
MECHANICS
Scientists have discovered several
laws
that explain motion and the causes
of changes
in motion
The physics of motion is all
about FORCES
FORCES need to act upon an object to get
it moving, or to change its motion
CHANGES IN MOTION WON’T HAPPEN ON
THEIR OWN
How fast an object moves, its SPEED or
VELOCITY can be influenced by forces
ACCELERATION is a measure of how much the
velocity of an object changes in a certain time
MASS is a measure of the amount of matter
contained in a physical body
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HN7bRkHWMeY&feature=related
ACTIVITY
1. Crumple one of piece of paper into a small tight ball.
Also obtain a flat sheet of paper.
2. Drop the crumpled paper and the flat sheet of paper
at the same time from the same height.
3. Use careful observation to see if both pages land
at the same time.
4. Repeat the procedure at
least three times to ensure
that your methods and
observations are
consistent and accurate.
ACTIVITY QUESTIONS
1. Observation Results:
The flat sheet of paper falls slowly in a side
to side motion. The paper ball drops straight to the floor
quickly.
2. Does the crumpled paper, or the flat sheet of paper fall
to the ground faster?
Crumpled paper falls faster.
3. Explain why the crumpled paper and flat paper
dropped at a different rate.
The paper falls slowly as it descends and moves from side
to side because of the friction caused by the air resistance.
The crumpled paper ball has less air resistance so falls
quicker.
ACTIVITY 2
1. Drop a flat sheet of paper onto the floor from shoulder
height
2. Drop a book onto the floor from the same height
3. Drop the book and the sheet of paper at the same time
from the same height and observe the difference
4. Now place the paper on top of the
book. With the same gravity working on
the paper and the book, will the paper
fall at the same rate as the book?
5. Drop the book with the paper on top
of it(make sure the paper is smaller or
equal in size to the book)
ACTIVITY 2 QUESTIONS
1. Write down your observations.
The sheet of paper fell slowly moving from side to side.
The book dropped like a rock.
2. Describe how the paper fell
The sheet of paper will move from side to side when it falls
and the air resistance will cause it to descend slowly.
3.Describe how the book fell
The book is heavier which allows it to overcome the air
resistance so it fell more quickly.
4.When together why did the paper fall as fast as the book
There is no air under the paper and therefore no
resistance, so it fell at the same time as the book.