Transcript Acceleration Due to Gravity. Free Fall

Computer Assisted Laboratory Experiments
in Mechanics
Roman Kezerashvili
New York City Technical College
The City University of New York
The presentation will provide a brief overview of the 15
computer-based experiments in kinematics, dynamics,
vibrations, and oscillations normally studied in college and
university physics. The experiments have been designed so that
each exercise deals with a single important principle of physics
and increases student knowledge and understanding of
computer modeling. The experiments involve the use of
standard equipment. Procedures are standardized as much as
possible so that the students will be able to perform the
experiments after instructions are presented in the first
meeting of the laboratory. With the integration of the
computer into the laboratory, data collection is simplified,
requiring less time to perform an experiment and allowing
students to devote more time in the laboratory to an
understanding of the fundamental physical concepts being
investigated.
Instantaneous Velocity and Uniform
Accelerated Motion in One Dimension
Investigation of the relationship between
instantaneous
velocity
and
average
velocity and the determination of an
instantaneous velocity from a series of
average velocities. Determination of the
acceleration of a body and verification the
kinematic
equations
for
uniformly
accelerated motion. This experiment is
performed with the Air Track apparatus.
Instantaneous Velocity and Uniform
Accelerated Motion in One Dimension
Instantaneous Velocity and Uniform
Accelerated Motion in One Dimension
0.104
0.169
0.243
0.357
0.461
0.566
Velocity, m/s
0.468
0.414
0.328
0.226
0.152
0.102
Average Velocity versus Time
y = -0.817x + 0.5404
0.6
Average Velocity, m/s
Time, s
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0
0.2
0.4
Time, s
0.6
Acceleration Due to Gravity.
Free Fall
Verification that the displacement of a freely
falling object from the rest is directly
proportional to the square of the elapsed
free fall time and this time does not depend
on the mass of the falling object.
Determination of an experimental value for
g, the acceleration due to gravity.
Acceleration Due to Gravity.
Free Fall
Acceleration Due to Gravity.
Free Fall
Newton’s Second Law
An experimental test of Newton's
second Law and demonstration that
the acceleration of the system is
proportional to the magnitude of the
net force and inversely proportional to
the mass of the system.
Newton’s Second Law
Newton’s Second Law
Application of Newton’s Second Law:
The Atwood’s Machine
An Atwood’s machine is used to accomplish
the following objectives: to measure the
acceleration of the system of two masses and
demonstrate that it is directly proportional to
the magnitude of the unbalanced force.
Determine a frictional force that acts on the
system.
Application of Newton’s Second Law:
The Atwood’s Machine
Application of Newton’s Second Law:
The Atwood’s Machine
Verification of the Work-Energy
Theorem
Determination of a coefficient of kinetic
friction and verification of the workenergy theorem on an incline plane.
Verification of the Work-Energy
Theorem
Verification of the Work-Energy
Theorem
Conservation of Mechanical Energy.
The Force of Gravity
Determination
of
the
kinetic
and
gravitational potential energy of a body and
an experimental test of the principle of
conservation of mechanical energy in the
gravitational field of the earth.
Conservation of Mechanical Energy.
The Force of Gravity
Conservation of Mechanical Energy.
The Force of Gravity
Conservation of Mechanical Energy.
The Force of Gravity
Determination
of
the
kinetic
and
gravitational potential energy of a freely
falling body and an experimental test of the
principle of conservation of mechanical
energy for the force of gravity.
Conservation of Mechanical Energy.
The Force of Gravity
Conservation of Mechanical Energy.
The Spring Force
Measurement of the force constant
of a spring.
Determination of the
kinetic energy and the potential
energy of the glider when the spring
force acts and an experimental test
of the principle of conservation of
mechanical energy for the spring
force.
Conservation of Mechanical Energy.
The Spring Force
Conservation of Mechanical Energy.
The Spring Force
Conservation of Linear Momentum
A study of an elastic and inelastic
collision in one dimension. Verification
of the principles of conservation of
linear momentum and conservation of
energy in an elastic collision and the
principle of conservation of linear
momentum in an inelastic collision.
Conservation of Linear Momentum
Conservation of Linear Momentum
The Ballistic Pendulum
Verification of the principles of
conservation
of
the
linear
momentum
and
mechanical
energy. Determination of the
kinetic energy loss in the collision
of the ball with the pendulum.
The Ballistic Pendulum
The Ballistic Pendulum
The Simple Pendulum
A study of the properties of a simple
pendulum. Investigation of the
dependence of the period on the
length, the angle and the mass of
the simple pendulum. Determination
of the acceleration due to gravity.
The Simple Pendulum
The Simple Pendulum
The Physical Pendulum
A study of the properties of a
physical pendulum. Investigation of
the dependence of the period on the
moment of inertia and the mass of
the
physical
pendulum.
Determination of the moment of
inertia and acceleration due to
gravity.
The Physical Pendulum
The Physical Pendulum
Simple Harmonic Motion
A study of simple harmonic
motion by investigating the
period of oscillation of a spring.
Determination
of
the
force
constant of the spring for one
spring and two springs in series.
Simple Harmonic Motion
Simple Harmonic Motion
Torsion Pendulum and Determination
of the Moment of Inertia of an
Irregular Object
Measurement of the period of
oscillation of a torsion pendulum
and determination of the moment
of inertia of an irregular object
and the torsion constant of a wire.
Determination of the moment of
inertia of a solid cylinder and a
solid sphere.
Torsion Pendulum and Determination
of the Moment of Inertia of an
Irregular Object
Torsion Pendulum and Determination
of the Moment of Inertia of an
Irregular Object