Transcript Magnetism - paulding.k12.ga.us

MAGNETISM
Vocabulary Week 1
MAGNETISM
• a physical phenomenon produced by the motion of
electric charge, resulting in attractive and repulsive
forces between objects.
• Magnetism is one aspect of the
combined electromagnetic force. It refers to
physical phenomena arising from the force caused
by magnets, objects that produce fields that attract
or repel other objects.
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hFAOXdXZ5TM
MAGNETIC FIELD
• Magnetic fields are areas where an object exhibits a
magnetic influence.
• The fields affect neighboring objects along things called
magnetic field lines.
• A magnetic object can attract or push away another
magnetic object.
• You also need to remember that magnetic forces are NOT
related to gravity. The amount of gravity is based on an
object's mass, while magnetic strength is based on the
material of which it is made.
• Magnetic fields are generated by rotating electric charges,
according to HyperPhysics. Electrons all have a property of
angular momentum, or spin. Most electrons tend to form
pairs in which one of them is “spin up” and the other is “spin
down,”.
MAGNETIC DOMAIN
*A
region within a magnetic material in which the
magnetization is in a uniform direction.
• This means that the individual magnetic moments of
the atoms are aligned with one another and they
point in the same direction.
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QgwReDkpq6E
MAGNETOSPHERE
• The magnetosphere is the region that surrounds a planet and the
magnetic field of that planet, in which charged particles are trapped
and controlled by that planet’s magnetic field, rather than the solar
magnetic field.
• More specifically, the Earth’s magnetosphere is the region of space
where the Earth’s magnetic field is confined by the solar wind plasma,
blowing outward from the Sun.
• The magnetosphere prevents most of the particles from the Sun,
carried by solar wind, from hitting the Earth. This asymmetrical region
surrounds Earth, extending from about one hundred to several
thousand kilometers (about 36,000 miles) above the surface.
THE PICTURE ILLUSTRATES THE MAGNETOSPHERE AND LABELS SEVERAL
OF ITS KEY COMPONENTS
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a76xtylLYRk
MAGNETIC INDUCTION
• Electromagnetic induction is the production of an
electrical potential difference (or voltage) across a
conductor situated in a changing magnetic field.
• Michael Faraday was the first to describe this
phenomenon.
• http://thekidshouldseethis.com/post/80799274938
METALS
• A metal is a material (an element, compound, or alloy) that is typically
hard, opaque, shiny, and has good electrical and thermal
conductivity.
FERROUS METALS
• Ferrous metals and alloys contain iron; non-ferrous materials do not.
Examples of Ferrous Metals
Mild Steel –Used for engineering purposes.
Carbon steel –Used to make cutting tools such as drill bits.
Stainless Steel – Made up of Iron, nickel and chromium. Resists staining
and corrosion and is used to make cutlery and surgical
instrumentation.
• Wrought Iron – Composed of almost 100% iron. Used to make items
such as ornamental gates and fencing.
• Cast Iron – Used to manufacture items such as engine blocks and
manhole covers.
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HTTPS://WWW.YOUTUBE.COM/WATCH?V=UGMLMDUHR6A
PERMANENT MAGNET
• A magnet that retains its magnetism after removal of the magnetizing
force.
• Permanent magnetization of a material involves its electrons and how
they move around their nucleus.
• In a ferromagnetic material, electrons align themselves and spin in the
same direction while orbiting their nucleus.
• This produces a small magnetic field. As more electrons align
themselves, the magnetic field becomes stronger.
• In the case of permanent magnets, electrons tend to stay aligned,
unless heated to a high temperature and then cooled.
EXAMPLE OF A PERMANENT
MAGNET
• A "horseshoe magnet" made of alnico, an iron alloy. The magnet is made in
the shape of a horseshoe to bring the two magnetic poles close to each
other, to create a strong magnetic field that can pick up heavy pieces of
iron.
TEMPORARY MAGNET
• Act like permanent magnets when they are within a strong magnetic
field. Unlike permanent magnets however, they loose their magnetism
when the field disappears.
MAGNETIC POLES
• Either of the two ends of a magnet at which the field
of the magnet is most intense.
• Like magnetic poles repel; opposite magnetic poles
attract.
• The poles of a magnet are the two ends of the
magnet where the charge is different. One side is
north; the other is south.
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DR9w4koW2EA