Transcript Africa

Geography

SS7G1 The student will locate selected
features of Africa.
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a. Locate on a world and regional politicalphysical map: the Sahara, Sahel, savanna,
tropical rain forest, Congo River, Niger River, Nile
River, Lake Tanganyika, Lake Victoria, Atlas
Mountains, and Kalahari Desert.
b. Locate on a world and regional politicalphysical map the countries of, Democratic
Republic of the Congo (Zaire), Egypt, Kenya,
Nigeria, South Africa, and Sudan.
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SS7G3 The student will explain the impact of
location, climate, and physical characteristics
on population distribution in Africa.
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a. Explain how the characteristics in the Sahara,
Sahel, savanna, and tropical rain forest affect where
people live, the type of work they do, and how they
travel.
SS7G4 The student will describe the diverse
cultures of the people who live in Africa.
a. Explain the differences between an ethnic group
and a religious group.
 b. Explain the diversity of religions within the Arab,
Ashanti, Bantu, and Swahili ethnic groups.
 c. Evaluate how the literacy rate affects the standard
of living.
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A
group of mountains mainly located in
Morocco that separates the coastal regions
from the Sahara—extends nearly 1500 miles.
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 “The
Great Desert”
 The largest “hot” desert in the world
 Over 3.6 million sq miles
 Very small population except for traders
traveling from one place to another
A
dry and semi-arid transitional region
between the Sahara and the savanna
(grasslands)
 Humans cutting down trees and allowing
animals to overgraze is leading to increased
desertification
A
vast area of grassland and tropical habitats
 Home to many animals like Zebras, Lions,
Tigers, Elephants, Giraffes, etc.
 Best farmland on the continent.
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 Tropical
rainforests are located along the
central coast.
 Hot and humid climate; 50-60 inches of
rain/yr.
 Home to many animal and bird species
 Rapid population growth is threatening the
rainforests
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SS7G2 The student will discuss
environmental issues across the continent
of Africa.
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a. Explain how water pollution and the unequal
distribution of water impacts irrigation, trade,
industry, and drinking water.
b. Explain the relationship between poor soil and
deforestation in Sub-Saharan Africa.
c. Explain the impact of desertification on the
environment of Africa from the Sahel to the
rainforest.
 Large
desert in southern Africa
 Gradually encroaching on surrounding areas
 Semi-Arid: receives more rain than Sahara
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 Deforestation
– the
destruction of trees
and other
vegetation
 Drought – period of
little rainfall
 Desertification – The
process of the
desert expanding
into areas that had
formerly been
farmland
Longest river in the
world.
 Combination of White
Nile and Blue Nile.
 Flows northward over
4,258 miles from Lake
Victoria to the
Mediterranean Sea
 Birth place and life
source of the Egyptian
civilization.
 Provides food, water,
transportation, and
fertile soils for
surrounding areas
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 3000
mile river that flows through the
central and west African rainforests and
empties into the Atlantic Ocean
 Flows through the 2nd largest rainforest in
the world
 Covers 12% of Africa
 Covers
7.5% of Africa
 Extends over 10 countries
 2, 600 miles long
 The main river in Western Africa
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The fight over water is
most likely the biggest
issue in Africa
There is not enough clean,
fresh water to support the
population of Africa
There multiple rivers in
Africa, but a majority of
the water is polluted due
to human/factory/animal
pollution and
overpopulation
The damming of rivers has
disrupted the flow of
water to countries
downstream
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Aswan High Dam – Dam of
the Nile River in Egypt to
enable irrigation year
around
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Stopped the floods of the
Nile which provided silt (rich
top soil) that fertilized the
banks
Now Egyptians must use
chemical fertilizers that
have contaminated the soil
Niger River – vital
transportation route to
the people of the Sahel
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Niger River dumps into the
Atlantic at the “Oil Delta”