Transcript CHAPTER 17 MEDITERRANEAN EUROPE

CHAPTER 17
MEDITERRANEAN EUROPE
SPAIN,PORTUGAL,
ITALY AND GREECE
SECTION 1: SPAIN AND
PORTUGAL
• BOTH NATIONS OCCUPY THE
IBERIAN PENINSULA
• PORTUGAL MAKES UP 1/6 OF THIS
PENINSULA
• PENINSULA SEPARATED FROM
FRANCE BY PYRENNES MOUNTAINS
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SPAIN
• SPAIN--CALLED THE “CASTLE”
– SPANISH COAT OF ARMS
– ACCESS BLOCKED BY PYRENNES MTS.
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• MOST OF INTERIOR
SPAIN PLATEAUS
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CALLED
“MESETA”
• DIVIDED BY RIVERS, ONLY THE
GUADALQUIVIR RIVER IS NAVIGABLE
• http://travel.nationalgeographic.com/travel/c
ountries/spain-map/
SPAIN’S CLIMATE
• ALMOST ALL MEDITERRANEAN
CLIMATE
• CLIMATE INFLUENCED BY ELEVATION
• MESETA IS DRIER THAN NORTH
– USE DRY FARMING METHODS SO SOILS
GATHERS MOISTURE
• SOUTHEASTERN SPAIN AFFECTED BY
SIROCCOS-HOT DRY WINDS FROM N.
AFRICA
SPAIN’S ECONOMY
• ECONOMY SHIFTS FROM AGRICULTURE
TO INDUSTRY (TRANSPORTATION
EQUIPMENT)
• BILBAO--LEADING INDUSTRIAL CITY
• BARCELONA--LEADING PORT
• UNEMPLOYMENT RATE AT 20%
SETTLING SPAIN
• MADRID-CAPITAL AND LARGEST CITY
• CONSIDERED THE CENTRAL AREA OR “HUB”
OF SPAIN
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DSMI5cQy7RM
&feature=fvwrel
• POPULATION OF CITY OVER 3 MILLION
– HEAVY TRAFFIC AND AIR POLLUTION
CULTURAL DIVERGENCE
• DIFFERENT GROUPS IN SPAIN TRY TO
KEEP THEIR OWN IDENTITY
• MOST DIVERGENT PEOPLE ARE THE
BASQUE OF NORTHERN SPAIN
– OWN LANGUAGE
– SEEK TO BE AN INDEPENDENT STATE
TOURIST ACTIVITIES
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kIHqszRq0g&NR=1
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o_fcYvE9lj
0&feature=related
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wu_SORjr
Ua4&feature=PlayList&p=42FF8522D0981FF
0&playnext=1&playnext_from=PL&index=1
PORTUGAL
• SMALL IN COMPARISON TO SPAIN
– SIZE OF STATE OF INDIANA
• NORTHEAST IS MOUNTAINOUS
• AVERAGE 20 INCHES OF RAIN A YEAR
• AGRICULTURAL ECONOMY
– WHEAT, CORN, BARLEY GROW IN FLAT
LANDS
– OLIVE OIL FROM THE SOUTH
– WINE FROM NORTH
– CORK AND CORK PRODUCTS
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PORTUGESE HISTORY
• FREED FROM MOORS IN 1143
• CAPITAL CITY OF LISBON BECAME
LEADING TRADE CENTER OF EUROPE
• 1400’S EXPLORED AND COLONIZED
AFRICA. (DAGAMA AND DIAS)
• CLAIMED CONTROL OF BRAZIL IN 1480’S
• PORTUGAL LOST COLONIES IN 1800’S
• MILLIONS OF AFRICANS HAVE
IMMIGRATED TO PORTUGAL
• PORTUGAL JOINED THE E.U. IN 1986
PORTUGAL’S FUTURE
• ECONOMY SHIFTING TOWARD
INDUSTRY
– CORK, TEXTILES, SHOES, CLOTHING
• LITERACY RATE OF 87%
• INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION A GROWING
PROBLEM
SECTION 2 ITALY
• NICKNAMED THE “BOOT”
• INCLUDES THE ISLAND OF SICILY
• APENNINE MOUNTAINS STRETCH THE
LENGTH OF ITALY
• GREAT DEAL OF SEISMIC ACTIVITY
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QEv3wzHAAj
8
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SDoSWAQXY
qk
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THE CHANGING
ENVIRONMENT OF ITALY
• ALPS MTS. ARE NORTHERN BORDERCREATE A MEDITERRANEAN CLIMATE.
• DEFORESTATION AND SOIL EROSION
• 1960--33% WORKED ON FARMS
• 2005-10% WORK ON FARMS
MIGRATION AND ECONOMICS
OF ITALY
• POPULATION OF 58 MILLION
– OVERCROWDING
• HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT IN SOUTHERN ITALY
– LACK OF FARMLAND.
• MANY PEOPLE MOVED TO NORTHERN ITALY
FOR JOBS IN INDUSTRY
• GROWING INDUSTRY OF ITALY
– AUTOMOBILES, APPLIANCES, METAL GOODS
• ITALY LEADS WORLD IN FASHION AND HOME
DESIGNS
REGIONS OF ITALYNORTHERN ITALY
• 1. NORTHERN ITALY-(EUROPEAN ITALY)
• PO RIVER VALLEY
– CHIEF AGRICULTURAL AND INDUSTRIAL
AREA.
• SKI RESORTS OF THE ALPS
• LOCATION OF VENICE
– TOURIST ATTRACTION
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JG2bl-zxL4M
REGIONS OF ITALYCENTRAL ITALY
• BIRTHPLACE OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE
• CAPITAL CITY OF ROME
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JjgIl5ZFeXs&f
eature=related
• LOCATION OF VATICAN CITY
– CENTER OF CATHOLIC CHURCH & POPE
• THIS IS WHERE THE RENAISSANCE
BEGAN--INCREASE IN ART & LEARNING
IN THE 1300’S
REGIONS OF ITALYSOUTHERN ITALY
• NICKNAMED THE MEZZOGIORNO
• INCLUDES ISLANDS OF SICILY AND
SARDINIA
• LIMITED AGRICULTURE AND INDUSTRY
• MANY PEOPLE HAVE LEFT FOR THE
NORTH (JOBS)
• NAPLES--LARGEST CITY OF THE
REGION.
SECTION 3 GREECE
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•
•
•
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GREECE--BIRTHPLACE OF DEMOCRACY
MEMBER OF E.U. AND NATO
INCLUDES 2000 SMALL ISLANDS
MEETING PLACE OF TECTONIC PLATES
FORMS GRABENS--FLOODED AREAS OF
LAND THAT DROP BETWEEN FAULTS
– GRABENS FORMED AEGEAN SEA AND
GULF OF CORINTH
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QUICK FACTS ABOUT
GREECE
Capital:Athens
Population: 10.9 million
Population density (per sq
km): 80
Area: 131.957 sq
Language: Greek
Major religion: Orthodox
Christian
Currency: Euro
ATHENS AND ECONOMICS
• CAPITAL LOCATED IN “STERA HELLAS”
• POPULATION OVER 3 MILLION
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=30Ou_Qa
xXAs&feature=related
• PIRAEUS-LARGEST PORT OF GREECE
• FISHING, TOURISM, AND AGRICULTURE
LEAD THE ECONOMY.
– OLIVES, CITRUS FRUITS, FIGS, WHEAT
HISTORY OF GREECE
• ISLAND OF CRETE--GREEK CIVILIZATION
BEGINS 3500 YEARS AGO.
• MINOAN CIVILIZATION MYSTERIOUSLY
DISAPPEARS !
• BIRTHPLACE OF DEMOCRACY(ATHENS)
• GREAT WARS OF GREECE:
– WAR WITH TROY
• ILIAD AND THE ODYSSEY-STORY OF THE TROJAN WAR
AND THE EXPLOITS OF ULYSSES AND ACHILLES
– WAR WITH PERSIA
• THE 300 (SPARTANS AGAINST PERSIA)
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sj810hUDVUQ&feature=relat
ed
GREEK MYTHOLOGY
• GREEKS WORSHIPPED MULTIPLE
GODS WHO ACCORDING TO
LEGEND LIVED ON MT. OLYMPUS
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WP_
NeirFIkM
GREEK HISTORY
• CONQUERED BY ROMANS 200 B.C.
• TAKEN OVER BY TURKS IN 1453
• BECAME AN INDEPENDENT NATION
IN 1829