Daily Life in the Carolina Colony
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Transcript Daily Life in the Carolina Colony
North Carolina
Transformation of a Colony
POLITICAL INFLUENCES
ECONOMIC INFLUENCES
RELIGION – BELIEF INFLUENCES
SOCIAL INFLUENCES
INTELLECTUAL INFLUENCES
AREA – GEOGRAPHIC INFLUENCES
Political Influences
Carolina Charter of 1663: King Charles II issues to 8 Lord Proprietors
Restoration: Charles restores monarchy in England but needs $ and
political support to expand in America
Gave proprietors authority in colony to:
Hire governor, collect taxes
Allowed some religious diversity
Free landowning males granted rights as English citizens
Carolina Government: Governor, Council, and Assembly
Governor answers to proprietors
Council answers to proprietors
Assembly voted on and decides on how to use colony’s $
Prerogative Party: colonists supported proprietors & king
Popular Party: colonists who settled before proprietors
Economic Influences
Land:
Virginia becoming more populated and less available land
French Huguenots
Great Wagon Road: Quakers out of PA establish Salem
Lumber: abundance of southern yellow pine great for making masts
Tar & Pitch (Naval Stores): products important to the shipping
industry used in shipbuilding and maintenance
Later tobacco – cash crops – contribute to growth of plantations
Religious Influences
Proprietors do NOT establish official churches in colony
Let colonists worship freely resulting in many non-Anglicans to settle
Vestry Act: Anglicans pass law to weaken growing Quaker political power
Quakers, Moravians
Does not last but other laws passed to support Anglicans and limit Quakers
Religious based laws biased toward Anglicans increases tension in colony
Proprietors worry about controlling colony so divided
North and South Carolina created
Social Influences - linked to economic influences
(creation of class differences similar to those in England)
Landed Gentry (Upper Class): small wealthy class included planters,
public officials, and professionals ie. Lawyers and Clergy
Artisans and Small Farmers
Yeoman: small farmers raised crops just for family
Artisans: skilled craftspeople
Indentured servants
Slaves
Families played significant role because farms and houses typically
far apart
Area – Geographic Influences
Coastal Region: great soil along with long growing season and access to ocean
influenced development of plantations in this region
Piedmont and Mountain regions – land more rugged, less water routes, life
tougher, builds sense of independence
Yeoman farmers
Great Wagon Road: actual road created by constant travel of immigrants from
Philadelphia, PA, between coast and Appalachian Mts., thru NC to Georgia
Represents divide in NC between upper and lower classes (West vs. East)
West vs. East (Political Influences part 2)
William Tryon governor of NC starts building grand residence in New
Bern to become the capitol building and be governor’s home
New Bern in East
More eastern representatives than western, 67 to 15 (81 total)
Poll Tax started to pay for residence and all taxed the same
The Regulators: group opposing colonial government formed to
combat abuse of power
Battle of Alamance: Colonial Militia vs. Regulators
Ends Regulator movement
Tuscarora War
The Carolina Colony’s growth starts taking up Native American’s lands
Tuscarora try going to PA but Quakers refuse them land
Back in Carolina Tuscarora prepare for war after killing John Lawson
John Lawson was one of first settlers of the Albemarle region of Carolinas
Carolina colonial government recruit assistance of Yamassee & Catawba
Tribes to help defeat Tuscarora
These tribes become angry with colonists and launch their own attack
Result – tribes defeated, clearing land for settlement & reduce fear of
Indian attacks