Transcript Daily Life in the Carolina Colony

North Carolina
Transformation of a Colony
POLITICAL INFLUENCES
ECONOMIC INFLUENCES
RELIGION – BELIEF INFLUENCES
SOCIAL INFLUENCES
INTELLECTUAL INFLUENCES
AREA – GEOGRAPHIC INFLUENCES
Political Influences
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Carolina Charter of 1663: King Charles II issues to 8 Lord Proprietors
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Restoration: Charles restores monarchy in England but needs $ and
political support to expand in America
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Gave proprietors authority in colony to:
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Hire governor, collect taxes
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Allowed some religious diversity
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Free landowning males granted rights as English citizens
Carolina Government: Governor, Council, and Assembly
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Governor answers to proprietors
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Council answers to proprietors
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Assembly voted on and decides on how to use colony’s $
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Prerogative Party: colonists supported proprietors & king
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Popular Party: colonists who settled before proprietors
Economic Influences
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Land:
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Virginia becoming more populated and less available land
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French Huguenots
Great Wagon Road: Quakers out of PA establish Salem
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Lumber: abundance of southern yellow pine great for making masts
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Tar & Pitch (Naval Stores): products important to the shipping
industry used in shipbuilding and maintenance
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Later tobacco – cash crops – contribute to growth of plantations
Religious Influences
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Proprietors do NOT establish official churches in colony
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Let colonists worship freely resulting in many non-Anglicans to settle
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Vestry Act: Anglicans pass law to weaken growing Quaker political power
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Quakers, Moravians
Does not last but other laws passed to support Anglicans and limit Quakers
Religious based laws biased toward Anglicans increases tension in colony
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Proprietors worry about controlling colony so divided
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North and South Carolina created
Social Influences - linked to economic influences
(creation of class differences similar to those in England)
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Landed Gentry (Upper Class): small wealthy class included planters,
public officials, and professionals ie. Lawyers and Clergy
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Artisans and Small Farmers
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Yeoman: small farmers raised crops just for family
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Artisans: skilled craftspeople
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Indentured servants
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Slaves
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Families played significant role because farms and houses typically
far apart
Area – Geographic Influences
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Coastal Region: great soil along with long growing season and access to ocean
influenced development of plantations in this region
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Piedmont and Mountain regions – land more rugged, less water routes, life
tougher, builds sense of independence
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Yeoman farmers
Great Wagon Road: actual road created by constant travel of immigrants from
Philadelphia, PA, between coast and Appalachian Mts., thru NC to Georgia
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Represents divide in NC between upper and lower classes (West vs. East)
West vs. East (Political Influences part 2)
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William Tryon governor of NC starts building grand residence in New
Bern to become the capitol building and be governor’s home
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New Bern in East
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More eastern representatives than western, 67 to 15 (81 total)
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Poll Tax started to pay for residence and all taxed the same
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The Regulators: group opposing colonial government formed to
combat abuse of power
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Battle of Alamance: Colonial Militia vs. Regulators
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Ends Regulator movement
Tuscarora War
The Carolina Colony’s growth starts taking up Native American’s lands
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Tuscarora try going to PA but Quakers refuse them land
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Back in Carolina Tuscarora prepare for war after killing John Lawson
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John Lawson was one of first settlers of the Albemarle region of Carolinas
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Carolina colonial government recruit assistance of Yamassee & Catawba
Tribes to help defeat Tuscarora
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These tribes become angry with colonists and launch their own attack
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Result – tribes defeated, clearing land for settlement & reduce fear of
Indian attacks