Transcript Land and Water

Land and Water
Africa
Individual Work
• Define
– Plateau
– Escarpments
– Cataracts,
– continental drift
– Plains
– Great Rift Valley
Relative Location
• Find Relative location of Ghana, Gabon,
Zimbabwe, Kenya, Egypt
– Include
•
•
•
•
•
Location relative to the equator
Bordering countries
Natural vegetation
Landforms
climate
Ghana
• North of the Equator
• Bordered by:
– Togo
– Burkina Faso
– Cote D’Ivoire
– Atlantic Ocean
• Vegetation: Hills, Plains, Basins
• Climate: Savanna, Steppe
Zimbabwe
• South of Equator
• Bordered by:
–
–
–
–
Botswana
South Africa
Mozambique
Zambia
• Vegetation: Grass and Broadleaf Trees
• Landforms: Hills
• Climate: Steppe
Gabon
• South of Equator
• Bordered by:
– Atlantic Ocean
– Congo Republic
– Cameroon
• Vegetation: Broadleaf trees
• Landforms: Tablelands and Hills
• Climate: Tropical Rainforest
Kenya
• North and South of the Equator
• Bordered by
–
–
–
–
–
–
Indian Ocean
Somalia
Ethiopia
Sudan
Uganda
Tanzania
• Vegetation Grass and Shrubs
• Landforms: Widely spaced Mountains
• Climate: desert and steppe
Egypt
• North of Equator
• Bordered by
–
–
–
–
Red Sea
Mediterranean Sea
Libya
Sudan
• Vegetation: Shrubs and Mixed Trees
• Landforms: Plains, Basins, Hills
• Desert
The Four Regions
1.
2.
3.
4.
North
West
East
Central and Southern
Plateau Continent
• Africa is often called the “plateau
continent” because the elevation of much
of the land area is high.
Coastal Plains Edge the Continent
• Along the coast
• Dry and sandy at some points
• Marshy and moist at other places.
The Great Rift Valley
• Mount Kilimanjaro is located here in East
Africa
• It was formed millions of years ago when
the continents pulled apart.
• A rift is a deep trench
• East Africa’s rift is 4,000 miles long
• Most major lakes are located in or near the
Great Rift Valley
The Nile River
• Longest river in the world
• 4,000+ miles long
• Sources are the White Nile in Sudan and
Blue Nile in the highlands of Ethiopia
• At one time the Nile flooded its bands
regularly and farmers planted their crops
to match the flood cycle of the river.
The Congo River
•
•
•
•
Runs through Congo in Central Africa.
2,900 miles long
Africa’s second largest river
Fed by hundreds of tributaries (small rivers and
streams that flow into a larger river.
• People in the region grow grains and cassava
• Cassava is a starchy plant
• They also catch fish in the Cango
The Niger river
• Africa’s third-longest river
• Begins its journey in Guinea
• Flows north and then bends south for
2,600 miles
• Provides water for farms in the river valley
• People make a living catching fish
The Zambezi River
•
•
•
The fourth-longest of Africa’s rivers
Southern Africa
Runs through the borders of six countries
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Angola
Zambia
Namibia
Botswana
Zimbabwe
Mozambique
Let’s review
1. Why is Africa called the “plateau
continent?
2.(a) How do people use the rivers of
Africa? (b) What makes them difficult to
use?