Transcript PAlesson3

Waterforms of Pennsylvania
Lesson 3
5 Themes of Geography
• 1. Location – location of city or your community
• 2. Place – where something is in relation to its
surroundings ex. City in contrast to smaller
communities
• 3. Human-Environment Interaction – how
people depend on the environment or change
land
• 4. Movement – connection between places and
patterns of movement
• 5. Region – ex. Tourist, political, business, rural,
urban, suburban, or even school district
5 Landform Regions of Pennsylvania
Vocabulary – 3 minutes to copy into your
notes, leave spaces between words
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Tributary
Reservoirs
Freight
Commerce
Headwaters
Source
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Waterbed
Mouth
Wetlands
Hydroelectric
Power
• Glacial forces
Rivers and Tributary Systems
• 45,000 miles of rivers, tributaries, and 256 lakes.
• Tributary – smaller stream flowing into a larger
stream of lake
• Reservoirs – an artificial lake where water is
stored and collected for water supply
• 3 major river systems
– Western Pa – 3 rivers
– Susquehanna River
– Delaware River
Western PA River Systems
• Allegheny River Headwaters
– Begins in Pennsylvania, flows into New York, and
back into PA. Flows southward towards
Pittsburgh
• Monongahela River
– SW Pennsylvania, begins in West Virginia and
flows northward to Pittsburgh.
– Youghiogheny River – starts in Maryland, flows
into the Monongahela. Wild river – white water
rapids.
• Ohio River
– Allegheny and Monongahela Rivers meet in
Pittsburgh to form a third river – Ohio
River.
– Important in the development of PA and other
states they were used as transportation routes
for commerce (freight).
– Commerce – the exchange or buying and selling
of commodities
– Freight – Cargo
Susquehanna River System
• Headwaters starts in New York, flowing
southward through the entire state.
– Headwaters – source of a stream
– Source – the beginning of a stream of water
• Major tributaries:
– West Branch of the Susquehanna
– Juniata Rivers
• Serves as a watershed for central PA
• Watershed – geographic area or region into which all
the creeks and tributaries flow into a large river.
• Too shallow to allow travel.
• Mouth of the Susquehanna River is
Chesapeake Bay
– Mouth – part of a river where its water empties
into another body of water.
Delaware River System
• Begins in New York
• Forms a natural border between
Pennsylvania and New Jersey
• Two major tributaries:
– Lehigh River
– Schuylkill River
• Philadelphia is a major deep-water port
located on the Delaware River
– Large ocean ships use this port
Lakes and Wetlands
• More than 2,000 small lakes in PA
• Only 76 of them exceed 20 acres in size
• Natural lakes created by glacial forces –
created by force when glaciers once covered
northern Pennsylvania, digging holes which
later became lakes.
• Wetlands – lowland area, such as a marshy
or swampy place, that holds moisture.
• Excellent habitat for wildlife.
• 200,000 acres of wetlands in PA, mainly
located in the northeast and northwest.
Reservoirs and Dams
• Reservoirs – An artificial lake where water is
stored and collected for a water supply.
– Helps keep water flowing at a steady pace during
drier times and prevents flooding after large
storms or winter melt.
– Hydroelectric Power – producing electric by
harnessing the power of flowing water
– Other uses include recreation – fishing, boating,
swimming, and water-skiing, for Pennsylvanians
and tourists.
Review Questions
• Answer questions 1-6 on page 9