Transcript chapter 10 mexico

CHAPTER 10 MEXICO
SECTION 1 PAGE 220-225
I. MEXICO—TOTAL
PHYSICAL LANDFORMS
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A) MOUNTAINS DOMINATE THE CENTRAL REGION OF MEXICO
1) SIERRA MADRE OCCIDENTAL—LOCATED IN THE WEST
2) SIERRA MADRE ORIENTAL –LOCATED IN THE EAST.
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YIyEvomUz14
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B) BETWEEN THESE TWO RANGES SITS A FLAT LAND CALLED THE
PLATEAU OF MEXICO
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C) THE PENINSULA OF MEXICO LOCATED SOUTH OF CALIFORNIA.
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1) BAJA CALIFORNIA AND BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR
2) CITY OF TIJUANA LOCATED HERE.
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hdrIqa91lkg
II. REGIONS OF MEXICO
• A) HEARTLAND REGION—THE CENTRAL PLATEAU
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1) 80% OF POPULATION LIVES HERE
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2) SOUTHERN SECTION OF THIS AREA HAVE BEST
FARMLAND
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3) NATURAL HAZARDS OF THIS REGION INCLUDE:
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a) Earthquakes—(1985 Earthquake killed 10,000 in Mexico City)
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mNWCYG2MnC
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4) CLIMATE OF THIS REGION
a) ARID in the north
b) SOUTH has plenty of rainfall and milder climate
5) CITIES OF THE REGION --MEXICO CITY(CAPITAL OF
MEXICO)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FcvdDnfXS2o
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a.) IMMIGRANTS LOOKING FOR BETTER LIFE HAVE
MOVED HERE CAUSED LARGE SLUM AREA IN MEXICO CITY
B) COASTAL REGIONS
• **NORTHERN PACIFIC COAST
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1) DRY, HOT AND NOT MANY PEOPLE
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2) GOOD FARMLAND BECAUSE OF
IRRIGATION (DAMS ON
RIVERS)
3) BIGGEST CITY IS TIJUANA
**SOUTHERN PACIFIC
COAST
• 1) LITTLE FARMING BECAUSE OF
MOUNTAINS
• 2) MAJOR RESORT CITIES OF
ACAPULCO, PUERTO VALLARTA,
AND MAZATLAN (TOURISM)
SUPPORTS ECONOMY
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3QyLjw
McHB0
**GULF COASTAL PLAIN
(GULF OF MEXICO)
• 1) HIGE DEPOSITS OF OIL AND
NATURAL GAS
• 2) CREATES WEALTH FOR MEXICO
**YUCATAN PENINSULA
• 1) GENERALLY A FLAT AREA
• 2) SOILS COVERS A LIMESTONE BEDROCK
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(CAUSES EARTH TO DEVELOP
SINKHOLES WHEN LIMESTONE
DISSOLVES
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GA1H5bqayaY
• 3) LARGEST CITY IS MERIDA, (500,000)
• 4) RELY HEAVILY UPON TOURISM FOR THEIR
ECONOMY.
CHAPTER 10
MEXICO
SECTION 2 PAGE 227-231
• I. HISTORY OF MEXICO
• A) AZTEC EMPIRE OF THE 1400’S
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1) LOCATED IN SOUTH CENTRAL
MEXICO
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2) TENOCHTITLAN WAS IT’S CAPITAL
(WORLD’S LARGEST CITY?)
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3) OVER 60,000 AZTECS IN THIS CITY
TRADING.
B) SPANISH CONQUEST
1519-1521
• 1) SPANISH SOLDIER (CONQUISTADOR)
HERNAN CORTES
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CONQUERS AZTEC EMPIRE
• 2) CLAIMS TERRITORY FOR SPAIN—
CALLED IT NEW SPAIN
C) NEW SPAIN—MADE UP OF
FOUR SOCIAL GROUPS
• 1) PENINSULARES—PEOPLE BORN IN SPAIN, WEALTHY
LEADERS
• 2) CRILLOS—PEOPLE OF SPANISH ANCESTORS BORN IN
MEXICO OR THE AMERICAS
• 3) MESTIZOS—PEOPLE OF MIXED RACES (SPANISH AND
NATIVE PEOPLE)
• 4) NATIVES—RANKED LOWEST, SOMETIMES
ENSLAVEDWORKED ON SPANISH ESTATES OF LAND
CALLED HACIENDAS
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***ECOMIENDA==A SYSTEM WHERE LANDOWNERS
CONTROLLED SLAVES
II) ROAD TO DEMOCRACY
• A) THE HIDALGO REVOLUTION
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1) CRILLOS DID NOT LIKE PENINSULARES
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2) CRILLO PRIEST MIGUEL HIDALGO
STARTS A REVOLUTION
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jv3MaXk9yeM
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a) Mexico becomes independent from
Spain by 1821
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3) FOREIGN INVESTORS IN MEXICO
HELPED COUNTRY GROW, BUT ONLY A FEW
GOT ANY WEALTH
B) MEXICAN REVOLUTION OF
1900’S
• 1) 1910-1920—PEASANTS REBELLED AGAINST
MILITARY RULERS
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0HqTFvCtVgI
• 2) DEMOCRATIC GOVERNMENT CREATED
• 3) GOVERNMENT CONTROLLED BY 2 POLITICAL
PARTIES
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a) Institutional Revolutionary Party (IRP) 1920-2000
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b) National Action Party (PAN) 2000-2009
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1) President Vicente Fox (2000-2006)
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2) Felipe Calderon (2006)
III SOCIAL CONDITIONS TODAY
• A) TRY TO PRESERVE HERITAGE
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1) SPANISH AS OFFICIAL
LANGUAGES
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2) FREEDOM OF RELIGION(MOST ARE ROMAN CATHOLIC)
B) BREAKING UP THE 8000
HACIENDAS—LAND
REDISTRIBUTION
• 1) BROKEN INTO EJIDOS__FARMLAND
OWNED BY A COMMUNITY
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a) Practice Subsistent Farming—growing
enough to survive.
• 2) 1/3 OF ALL FARMS ARE COMPANY OR
COMMERCIAL FARMS CALLED
LATIFUNDIAS.
C) MANY PEOPLE ARE
UNABLE TO MAKE THEIR
FARMS WORK
• 1) BECOME MIGRANT WORKERS —PEOPLE
WHO TRAVEL FROM PLACE TO PLACE TO
HELP HARVEST CROPS FOR A
WAGE.
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a) Many cross legally and Illegally into the U.S.
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fM6OyXHp3gk
D) URBAN / CITY LIFE
• 1) 3/4 OF MEXICO’S POPULATION LIVE IN
CITIES ** MEXICO CITY THE LARGEST
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a. Better Job Opportunities
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b. More Educational Opportunities
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c. More Excitement
• 2) SOCIAL CLASSES OF MEXICO’S CITIES.
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a) Upper Class—Wealthy, Educated,
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b) Middle Class—Gov’t. workers, Business
Owners, Professionals
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c) Lower Class—Largest class, uneducated
farm workers.
IV. ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES
• A. NORTH AMERICAN FREE TRADE
AGREEMENT (NAFTA)
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1) Eliminates all trade barriers
between the U.S., Canada, and Mexico.
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2) Decreases unemployment,
increases industry
B. MAJOR INDUSTRIES OF
MEXICO
• 1) OIL INDUSTRY
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a) Controlled by PEMEX—Gov’t owned oil
company
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=inXpyaPvdu0&f
eature=related
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b) Huge Reserves off coast of TAMPICO.
2) TOURISM.
• a) Resort cities of ACAPULCO and
CANCUN
• b) SMOKELESS industry—causes no
pollution
3) MAQUILADORAS-Border
Industries between U.S. &
Mexico
• a) Build products sold mostly in the U.S.
• b) Increased Employment and wages for
people along the border.
• c) Caused an increase in Pollution.
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qA9BLypl
hJw
THE GROWING MEXICAN
DRUG INDUSTRY
• MEXICO HAS BEEN A GROWING
SOURCE OF DRUG “CARTELS”.
• THESE ORGANIZATIONS ARE MOVING
DRUGS INTO THE U.S. AND AROUND
THE WORLD.
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hyDHNeJ
xazU
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6EFsFAo
AEMw