Transcript Geography of India

Chapter 6 Lesson 1 Notes
Geography of India
I. Indian Subcontinent
A. Located on the continent of Asia
B. has three main land regions
1. Himalayas separate the subcontinent from the rest of Asia
a. The Himalayas are the highest mountains in the
world
b. Mt. Everest is the highest mountain peak in the
world
2. the Northern Plains
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lie between the Himalayas and the southern peninsula
stretches over 1,500 miles and contains the valleys of the Ganges and Indus rivers and their
branches
3. Deccan Plateau
a. forms most of the southern peninsula
b. lies between the Eastern and Western Ghats
(mountain ranges)
Geography of India
C. seven countries are found on the Indian subcontinent
1. India, Pakistan, & Bangladesh
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parts of Afghanistan, Nepal, Bhutan, and Myanmar or Burma
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Islands considered part of are Maldives & Sri Lanka
Geography of
India
II. Indus River
A. flows from Tibet, through the Himalayas
and Hindu Kish into the Arabian Sea.
B. flows through what is today China, India,
and Pakistan.
C. begins in the Himalayan Mountains.
D. overflows its bank and leaves fertile soil
E. Formed a delta region where it empties into the Arabian Sea
F. allows farming to take place in a very dry area.
1. The Indus Valley was one of the first places were farming
developed.
2. Farming communities found date back to 6000 B.C.
Chapter 6 lesson 2 Notes
Early Indian Civilization
Indus River valley civilization
A. We do not know a lot about the Indus River valley civilization.
B. Experts have not learned how to read the writing of the people.
II. Harappa
A.
Located within the Indus River valley.
I.
1.
named after an Indian god
do not know what the people called themselves
2.
3.
The entire ancient Indus River valley is called Harappan civilization
It lasted about 1,000 years, from c. 2500 B.C. to c. 1600 B.C.
Early Indian Civilization
Early Indian Civilization
III. Mohenjo-Daro
A.
400 miles south of Harappa, in the Indus River civilization is called
Mohenjo-Daro
B.
Mohenjo-Daro means “Mound of the Dead” in Sanskrit
1.
C.
D.
E.
F.
Sanskrit is an ancient Indian language
about 40,000 people lived in this city
the city had grid streets, the same size bricks were used to pave the roads
and build houses
city had wells throughout it and sewer systems complete with manholes
a citadel stood at the west end of the city
1. a citadel is a massive fort
2. remains on top of the citadel may have been a city hall
3. surrounding the citadel were thick walls to protect against floods
and enemies
Early Indian Civilization
Early Indian Civilization
G.
H.
I.
J.
around 1600 B.C. the city of Mohenjo-Daro was abandoned
an earthquake may have caused the river to change course and
disrupted peoples way of life (drought or floods)
Both cities were laid out the same. It’s believed the area had a strong
central government.
Workers of Mohenjo-Daro were highly skilled
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remains found of workshops along city avenues
beautiful figures were carved into small squares of stone (see page
136)
stone squares may have been used as seals for marking belongings
things created by craft workers include water jars, cooking bowls, and
other containers
farmers produced a surplus of food; grain may have been used to pay
city workers
Harappan merchants traded with people in Mesopotamia
sailors probably went to Mesopotamia by sailboat from the Indus
delta along the coast into the Persian Gulf
L. c. 1500 B.C. people from central Asia migrated into the Indus Valley
K.
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Early Indian Civilization
 The medieval walls and revetments of the ancient city of Harappa
Early Indian Civilization
Early Indian Civilization
Review
1. We don’t know a lot about the Harappan civilization
becauseAnswer:
We haven’t learned to read their writing.
Early Indian Civilization
2. What evidence suggest the Harappan civilization had
a strong central government?
Answer:
Both cities were laid out the same
suggesting a strong central government.