Transcript Examples of South-South Cooperation between Pacific

South-South cooperation among Pacific
island countries - a regional overview
High level Meeting on Cooperation for Child
rights in the Asia-Pacific Region.
Beijing, China, 4-6 November 2010
Dr. Jimmie Rodgers
Director General, Secretariat of the Pacific Community
This presentation
• Brief overview of the Pacific islands region
• Examples of existing regional cooperation / South-South
cooperation mechanisms amongst Pacific Island countries and
territories (PICTs)
• Examples of South-South cooperation between Pacific, Asian and
Caribbean regions
• Further strengthening South-South cooperation on child protection
& welfare & child rights - where to from here?
Pacific Islands Region
‘Small Islands – Big Challenges’
Pacific islands – a region of contrasts
and
Countries
22 disparity
Total Area
Total land area
Total population
Under 18 years
Melanesia
Micronesia
Polynesia
Languages
Pop. Doubling time
36, 000,000 square kilometres
Approx. 551,000 sq. (1.5%)
9.5 million people
50 percent
5 countries, 87% of Pacific population
7 countries, 6% of Pacific population
10 countries, 7% of Pacific population
> 1,200 (PNG more than 800)
40 years
Pacific Populations / land areas
Sub-region No. Of
Land Area (sq. Pop.
%
countries Kilometres)
density distribution
of land
Melanesia
Micronesia
Polynesia
All PICTs
Total area
% of land
5
7
10
22
540,239
3,214
8,231
551,684
36,000,000
1.5 %
11
158
73
81
97.9
0.6
1.5
100
Pacific characteristics
• Land Area distribution
Population Density
Impact of Pop. on Education
• Education Enrolment a challenge in the Melanesian subregion.
• 10 - 40 % no Primary School Enrolment
• 40 - 70 percent drop out at Primary School
• 40 - 70 percent drop out at Junior Secondary school
• Inadequate alternative education structure to accommodate
non-entry to or drop outs from formal education system
South-South Cooperation & regional
cooperation defined
• In the Pacific South-South cooperation is not a term that is used
often to describe cooperation between island countries
• The more commonly used terms are:
– Regional cooperation or Regional mechanisms
• In this presentation regional cooperation carries the same
meaning as South-South cooperation
• Regional cooperation is NOT an Option, IT IS AN IMPERATIVE
Examples of South-South Cooperation
between PICTs
• Regional Cooperation mechanisms that underpin social,
cultural, trade, economic and political relationships
between countries:
– Melanesian Spearhead Group ( Papua New Guinea,
Solomon islands, Vanuatu, Fiji and New Caledonia)
– Micronesian Chief Executives Summit (MCES) comprising
heads of governments of CNMI, Federated States of
Micronesia, Guam, Marshall Islands and Palau
– Micronesian Presidents’ Summit (MPS) comprising the
Presidents of FSM, RMI and Palau.
Examples of South-South Cooperation
between PICTs
• South-South cooperation on trade and economics
– Small Islands States (SIS) feeder shipping service for
Kiribati, Nauru and Tuvalu using Fiji as the hub port(4
countries)
– Fiji – Tuvalu Trade Agreement to enhance export of
agricultural produce from Fiji’s Rotuma island into
Tuvalu (2 countries)
– Parties to the Nauru Agreement secretariat (8
countries)
– Pacific Island Countries Trade Agreement (PICTA) (14
Examples of South-South Cooperation
between PICTs
• South-South cooperation at Political leaders’ level
– Pacific Islands Forum – comprises heads of governments
from 16 countries. This is the body that we need its
endorsement for multi-country commitment to support
child protection & welfare and child rights
• South-South Cooperation at the parliamentarian’s level
– The Pacific Parliamentary Assembly on Population and
Development (PPAPD) – this is an assembly comprising
members of parliament from fourteen Pacific island
countries with common interest in population and
development issues.
Examples of South-South Cooperation
between Pacific regional organisations [PROs]
• South-South Cooperation at regional organisation’s level
– Council of Regional Organisations of the Pacific (CROP) – this
comprises the coordinating body for eleven Pacific regional
organisations.
– SPC is the largest technical / scientific agency with programmes
in agriculture, aquaculture, biosecurity, culture, disaster
reduction, education, energy, fisheries, forestry, gender,
geoscience, ICT, human rights, maritime boundaries, media,
parliamentarians on population and development, public
health, statistics and demography, transport, water &
sanitation, youth, and cross-cutting areas including food
security and climate change
Examples of South-South Cooperation
between PICTs and PROs
• South-South cooperation at the regional level
– The Pacific Plan for strengthening collaboration and
integration among Pacific island countries and territories.
Areas of cooperation cover:
• Fostering economic development and promoting
opportunities for broad-based growth
• Improving livelihoods and the well-being of Pacific peoples
• Addressing the Impacts of Climate Change
• Achieving stronger national development through better
governance
• Ensuring Improved social, political and legal conditions for
stability, safety and security
Examples of South-South Cooperation
between the Pacific and other regions
• Cooperation and exchange of information between
SPC and ASEAN on Pandemic preparedness
• Cooperation between SPC, ASEAN and SAARC
through the Regional Steering Committee for GFTADs
[Global Framework for the Progressive Control of
Trans-boundary Animal Diseases] for Asia and the
Pacific
Examples of South-South Cooperation
between PICTs and other regions
• Cooperation between SPC and the Caribbean
Community covering a range of areas including youth
development, mainstreaming gender, developing
cultural linkages, sharing education policies,
collaborative health development, agriculture,
forestry, fisheries and climate change.
Further strengthening south-south
cooperation – where to from here?
• Child protection and welfare in Pacific island countries and
territories (2011 and beyond)
– Conduct an audit of all exiting South-South cooperation
mechanisms between PICTs with the view to systematize the
inclusion of child protection and welfare and child rights into these
mechanisms over time
– Work with Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat and CROP to include
child protection and welfare and child rights as a high priority in
the Pacific Plan
– Seek endorsement by Forum leaders and SPC Conference – 2011
– Seek to include child rights in other existing regional mechanisms
Further strengthening south-south
cooperation – where to from here?
• Achieving MDGs with Equity - PICTs
– Develop and monitor a ‘minimum core data set of
development indicators’ to measure development progress
in the region
• It is crucial for this meeting to agree on a ‘standard
minimum core data set of outcome indicators on child
protection, welfare and rights’ that can be used by all
countries in the Asia-Pacific region to measure
development progress in this area.
– Provide direct support to island countries to mainstream
child protection and welfare and child rights issues as
integral parts of each of the MDG targets
Achieving MDGs with Equity – a quick
snapshot of MDG 4
4.1 Under five
mortality rate (per
1000 live births)
4.2 Infant mortality
rate (per 1000 live
births)
4.3 Proportion of 1 year
old children immunised
against measles (%)
Data Sources
Latest
Latest
Latest
Next
Cook Is
26.1 (2001)
11.9 (2001-05)
98 (2001)
Health-Admin
Fiji
22.4 (2002)
17.8 (2002)
76.4 (2002)
Health-Admin
FSM
47 (2001)
40 (2001)
84 (2001)
Health-Admin
Kiribati
69 (2005)
52 (2005)
76 (2001)
Health-Admin
Marshall Is
46 (DHS 2007)
33 (DHS 2007)
54.1 (DHS 2007)
Nauru
38 (DHS 2007)
38 (DHS 2007)
80 (DHS 2007)
2012 (14)
Niue
19 (2006)
7.8 (2006)
99 (2002)
Census/Health-Ad
Palau
38.9 (2005)
20 (2003-05)
99 (2002)
Health-Admin
PNG
88 (2000)
64 (2001)
53 (>1995)
Health-Admin
Samoa
24.7 (2006)
20.4 (2006)
99 (2002)
Census/Health-Ad
Solomon Is
37 (DHS 2007)
24 (DHS 2007)
80.6 (DHS 2007)
2012 (14)
Tokelau
n/a
33 (1997-2000)
Tonga
21.9 (2006)
19 (2006)
95.8 (2002)
Census/Health-Ad
Tuvalu
36 (DHS 2007)
31 (2007)
Vanuatu
25 (MICS 2007)
74 (DHS 2007)
37 (MICS 2007)
2012 (14)
30 (MICS 2007)
MDG-4
•
Child Health
2012 (14)
Health-Admin
2012 (14)
Further strengthening south-south
cooperation – where to from here?
• Children and Disaster Risk Reduction – PICTs
– Incorporate child protection and welfare and child rights
into the regional disaster management strategy
– Work with PICTs to incorporate child protection and
welfare and child rights into their national disaster
management strategy
Further strengthening south-south
cooperation – where to from here?
• General Strategies
– South-South cooperation needs to expand beyond the Pacific
borders and Asian borders to include the other
– Expand South-South cooperation beyond trade and finance
to include areas such as child friendly education, vocational
education, child friendly legal services
– South-South cooperation in child rights need to:
• be supported by evidence based programming and monitoring
and evaluation framework
• involve strong community participation
• build strong families
Further strengthening south-south
cooperation – where to from here?
• General strategies
– Establish a mechanism to progress South-South
cooperation between countries of the Asia-Pacific region
(such as an ‘Asia-Pacific South-South Cooperation
Taskforce on Child protection and Welfare and Child Rights’
with a terms of reference to pursue enhanced cooperation
commencing with a small number of priority areas)
– Such a mechanism can perhaps be supported by UNICEF,
SAARC, ASEAN and SPC and other agencies as appropriate.
Conclusion
• In the Pacific islands region, South-South cooperation in any
field of priority between island countries is an imperative, not
an option
• In the Asia-Pacific region, South-South cooperation provides
an excellent platform for countries to share experiences, best
practices and help each other move forward together
• This high level meeting provides the opportunity for countries
in the Asia Pacific region to take the next step and move from
talking into action together
• Thank you for your attention