Transcript Climates Regions

What’s the differences between
climate and weather?
©CSCOPE 2009
1.
2.
3.
4.
Discuss the questions below
with your face partner
Why is always cold at the north
pole?
Why is it warm year-round in cities
near the Equator?
Where in the world would you most
like to live based on climate?
How much does climate affect the
quality of life?
©CSCOPE 2009
Earth’s Tilt and Rotation
►
tilt-the slant of the Earth’s
axis @ 23 ½ and pointed
at the North Star
 tilt keeps some places from
receiving direct sunlight
►
rotation-day and night
are created as each
hemisphere rotates away
from sun. Each rotation
take 24 hours.
Earth’s
Revolution
Earth travels in an orbit
around the sun, completing
one revolution every 365
days. Seasons are caused by
Earth’s revolution around the
sun & the Earth’s tilt.
 Seasons are reversed
north & south of the
Equator.
 The beginning of
Spring is the day
when daylight and
nighttime hours are
equal EQUINOX
Weather v. Climate
► Climate
is the temperature and precipitation
in an area over a long period of time.
► Weather
is the current temperature and
precipitation in an area.
©CSCOPE 2009
Do you think that changes in the
climate impact the 4 spheres
(atmosphere, lithosphere,
biosphere, & hydrosphere?
(How and Why)
©CSCOPE 2009
Climate Regions
©CSCOPE 2009
1.
2.
3.
4.
Discuss the questions below
with your face partner
Why is always cold at the north
pole?
Why is it warm year-round in cities
near the Equator?
Where in the world would you most
like to live based on climate?
How much does climate affect the
quality of life?
©CSCOPE 2009
Latitude, latitude, latitude!
► In
addition to rainfall, latitude is one of the
most important factor that affects climate
type.
► There are three latitude zones:
 Low Latitude- between 23 ½° N and 23 ½° S
 Mid-Latitude- between 23 ½° N and 66° N
AND 23 ½° S and 66° S
 High Latitude- above 66° N AND below 66° S
©CSCOPE 2009
Important Lines of Latitude
Arctic Circle
66° N
Tropic of Cancer
23 1/2° N
Equator
0°
Tropic of Capricorn
Antarctic
Circle
©CSCOPE 2009
23 1/2° S
66° S
Which places on Earth receive the most
direct sunlight? How does this
phenomenon affect their climates?
©CSCOPE 2009
Regions in the tropics receive the
most direct sunlight. These
regions are generally warm or
hot year-round, depending on
their elevation.
©CSCOPE 2009
Low Latitude Climates
Latitude
Range
Description
Amazon basin, equatorial
Africa, East Indies, from
Sumatra to New Guinea
A canopy of tall trees
with layers of
shorter trees and
plants
underneath
Heavy rainfall in all
months, no
difference in
seasons
15° to 25° N and S
India, Southeast Asia, West
Africa, southern Africa,
South America, north
coast of Australia
Grasses, short trees
Warm year round,
wet and dry
seasons
18° to 28° N and S,
centered on
Tropics of
Cancer and
Capricorn
Western North America
(southwest U.S.
southwest South America
(Chili) north central
Mexico, north Africa,
southwest Africa, central
Australia, north Asia
(China, Mongolia)
Scattered vegetation;
short grasses
and shrubs, cacti
Warm or Cold,
little to no
precipitation year
round
Savanna
(Wet and
Dry)
©CSCOPE 2009
Description
10° S to 25 ° N
Tropical
Rainforest
(Wet)
Desert
Location
Mid-Latitude Climates
Latitude
Range
Semiarid
Humid
subtropical
Mediterranean
©CSCOPE 2009
Location
Description
Description
Central areas of
continents
between 35° and
50° N
Western North America (Great
Plains); Central South
America, Central Africa
(Sahel) (Patagonia)
Eurasian interior
(Kazakhstan)
Grassland, few trees
Low precipitation
year round,
hot summers,
cold winters
Southeast coast
of continents
between 20°
and 40° N
and S
Southeastern North America,
Southeastern Asia,
Southeastern Australia
Coniferous/Deciduous
(Mixed) Forests
and grassland
Warm, humid
summer, and
mild winters
precipitation
year round
30° to 50° N and
S
The Mediterranean basin, west
coasts of California, central
Chile, South Africa,
western/southern Australia
Shrubs, grasses, and
mixed trees
(Chaparral)
Long, hot, dry
summers, and
mild, rainy
winters
Mid-Latitude Climates
Latitude
Range
Humid
Continental
Marine-West
Coast
©CSCOPE 2009
World Location
Description
Description
30 to 55 N and
S, to 60 N in
Europe
North central North America;
north central Asia (China);
Korea; Japan; central and
eastern Europe
Mixed coniferous and
deciduous forest
Warm summer cold
winters,
moderate
rainfall
throughout the
year
30 to 60 N and S
West coast of N. America, west
coast of southern Chile,
and northwestern Europe
Mixed coniferous and
deciduous forests
Cool summers,
mild winters,
high rainfall
year round
High Latitude Climates
Latitude Range
©CSCOPE 2009
Description
Description
50° to 60° N
Northern North America
and Eurasia
Coniferous forests - taiga
Extremely cold
winter, short,
cool summer
60° to 70° N
Northern North America
and Eurasia
Short grasses, mosses,
lichens, tundra
Extremely cold and
dry all year
Sub arctic
Arctic
(ICE
CAP)
World Location
Other Climates
Latitude
Range
Found all over
the world
Highland
©CSCOPE 2009
World Location
Mountain Ranges:
Himalayas, Andes,
Rockies, Alps, etc.
Description
Varies with elevation and
location on mountain.
Leeward side is drier
with less vegetation.
Description
Windward side
receives the most
rainfall while
leeward side
remains dry.
Belem, Brazil
Kuwait City, Kuwait
Calcutta, India
Buenos Aires, Argentina
Munich, Germany
Saskatoon, Canada