Transcript NEESPI Project - National Snow and Ice Data Center

Northern Eurasia Earth Science
Partnership and International Polar
Year: Data Support
Pavel Groisman
NEESPI Project Scientist
UCAR Project Scientist at National Climatic
Data Center, Asheville, NC, USA
The NEESPI Study Area
NEESPI Study
Area includes:
Former Soviet
Union, Northern
China, Mongolia,
Fennoscandia, &
Eastern Europe
Rationale for NEESPI
1. Strong interactions in the system
terrestrial ecosystem - atmosphere
hydrosphere - cryosphere - human
society and feedbacks to global energy,
water, and carbon cycles in the region
2. Strong climatic and environmental
changes….
NEESPI Science Plan Structure
1. INTRODUCTION
2. SCIENTIFIC QUESTIONS AND MOTIVATION
3. MAJOR SCIENTIFIC TOPICS
3.1. Terrestrial ecosystem dynamics
3.2. Biogeochemical cycles
3.3. Surface energy and water cycles
3.4. Land use interactions: societal-ecosystem linkages
3.5. Ecosystems and climate interactions
3.6. Topics of special interest
3.6.1. Cold land region processes
3.6.2. Coastal zone processes
3.6.3. Atmospheric aerosols and pollution
4. REMOTE SENSING
TOOLS
5. MODELING
6. DATA AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
7. EDUCATION
8. RESEARCH STRATEGY
Scientific Background Appendix
Current NEESPI statistics
NEESPI Science Plan Preparation Team includes more
than 90 scientists (representing mostly academia) from 11
countries with the majority of them are from the United
States and Russia.
Twenty eight individual research projects (always with the
international participation) are currently funded and
approximately the same number of projects are pending
under the NEESPI umbrella.
187 scientists of 119 institutions from 26
countries are participating in the first 28
funded projects
NEESPI Scientific Network
10 institutions in Moscow participate in 10 projects
Red dots indicate locations of Principal Investigators
Blue dots – locations of Co-Investigators, and
Green dots - locations of Collaborators.
Squares show Focus Research and Science Support Centers.
6 institutions in Beijing participate in 4 projects
Currently, we envision six
NEESPI Focus Research Centers
• Existing:
• Center for Cold Land Processes and Arctic
Coastal Studies [at the University of Alaska- Fairbanks]
• Center for Water System Studies
• Center on Aerosol Studies
• Center for Land Use Studies
• Center for Biogeochemical Cycle Studies
Projected:
Center for Integration of the NEESPI Results and
Modeling Studies
Currently, we envision five
NEESPI Science Support Centers
• Within the United States
• For hydrometeorological information:
• National Climatic Data Center, Asheville, NC
• For remote sensing information:
• Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD
Within the Russian Federation
• For hydrometeorological information:
• Research Inst. For Hydrometeorological Information,
Obninsk, Kaluga Area
• For remote sensing information:
• SCANEX Corp., Moscow
Within China
• Beijing Climate Center
Northern Eurasia Earth Science
Partnership Initiative (NEESPI)
was the basis for the IPY
Expression of Intent letter
by an international team from
Russia, the United States, and
Japan”Cold Land Processes in
Northern Eurasia”
Terrestrial Cryosphere
Sub-Topic:
Cold Land Processes in the Northern Hemisphere
IPY proposal # 138 “Cold Land Processes in the
Northern Hemisphere continents and their Coastal
Zone: Regional and Global Climate and SocietalEcosystem Linkages and Interactions”
Project coordinators:
Pavel Ya. Groisman
UCAR/NCDC, USA
Vladimir M. Kotlyakov
RAS IG, Russian Federation
On November 2, 2005, the project was endorsed as an
IPY core Project by ICSU/WMO Joint Committee
for the International Polar Year 2007-2008
Current NEESPI_IPY funded projects (totally, 14 of
them) including three with the foci on Data Support:
• Representativeness of estimates of
changes in weather extremes (NOAA)
• Thermal State of Permafrost: The U.S.
contribution to the International
Permafrost Observatory Network, (NSF)
• NASA Earth Sciences Data Support
System and Services for the Northern
Eurasia Earth Science Partnership
Initiative (NASA)
“Baseline data set of in situ meteorological observations
for North America and Northern Eurasia for extreme
event studies” NOAA & NASA 2002-2005
• TD-9290c. Global Synoptic Climatology Network. C. The
former USSR. Data Set 9290c.
• Daily and Sub-daily Precipitation for the Former USSR.
Data Set 9813.
•
•
Bogdanova, E.G, Ilyin, B.M., and Dragomilova, I.V. 2002a: Application of a comprehensive
bias correction model to precipitation measured at Russian North Pole drifting stations. J.
Hydrometeorol., 3, 700-713
Bogdanova, E.G., V.S. Golubev, B.M. Ilyin, and I.V. Dragomilova, 2002b: A new model for
bias correction of precipitation measurements, and its application to polar regions of Russia.
Russian Meteorol. and Hydrol., No.10, 68-94
• Data set descriptions available at
http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/ol/documentlibrary/datasets.html
Precipitation network (2188 stations)
Comprehensive routines
P = K x (P"+ΔP - Pf1-Pf2)
• K=1+ A(Uhµ)2 ; or
µ - a conversion to air density at 1013hPa
Uh - a wind speed at the gauge orifice when P
A - a function of gauge and precipitation types
P” - the measured precipitation
ΔP - wetting/evaporation/condensation correction
Pf1 and Pf2 are adjustments for flurry and blow-in
Golubev et al. 1995,1997; Bogdanova et al. 2002a,b
Differences with WMO corrections
(Goodison et al. 1998) can be large:
Annual corrected precipitation
Stations in
Russian Arctic
P, mm
Pwmo, mm
Diff.,
mm
Dixon Island
415
667
252
Turukhansk
732
837
105
North Pole
drifting st-ns
165
256
91
Bogdanova et al. (2002b)
Seasonal cycle of monthly precipitation
Seasonal cycle of monthly precipitation
Increase (%) in mean annual precipitation
throughout the former USSR during the 19611990 period compared to P” (measured).
32
24
20
14
13
34
16
17
7
21
19
17
27
12
12
23
14
29
11
13
Implementation
of bias-adjustments
to
A nnu
al p recip itatio
n in the no rth
annual precipitation
time series. Zhigansk.
of Siberia
Regionally averaged January and
July precipitation time series prior
and after bias correction
120
Mon th ly precipitation , mm
E a s te r n S ib e r ia , n o r th o f 5 5 N
100
80
60
40
20
0
1920
J a n .Ra w
19 40
1 9 6 0 Y e a rs 1 9 8 0
Ja n_ co rr
J u ly .c o r r
2000
2020
J u ly .R a w
Annual precipitation in
Fairbanks, Alaska