5 Themes of Geography
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Transcript 5 Themes of Geography
THE 5 THEMES
OF
GEOGRAPHY
Geography
The
study of the distribution and
interaction of physical and human
features on the earth.
From the Greek word geographia,
meaning “to describe the earth.”
THE FIVE THEMES OF
GEOGRAPHY
Location
Place
Human-Environment
Interaction
Movement
Regions
LOCATION
Where are we?
Absolute
Location
A latitude and
longitude (global
location) or a street
address (local
location).
Paris France is 48o
North Latitude and 2o
East Longitude.
The White House is
located at 1600
Pennsylvania Ave.
Relative
Location
Described by
landmarks, time,
direction or
distance. From one
place to another.
Go 1 mile west on
main street and turn
left for 1 block.
Absolute Location
Examples:
Rome is located at 41 N, 12 E
Address
Relative Location
Examples:
Rome is located near the Mediterranean
Sea.
Argentina is near Brazil.
Ecuador is south of Mexico.
Mr. T lives near Dell Diamond.
PLACE
What is it like there, what kind of place is it?
Human
Characteristics
What are the main
languages, customs, and
beliefs.
How many people live,
work, and visit a place.
Physical
Characteristics
Landforms (mountains,
rivers, etc.), climate,
vegetation, wildlife,
soil, etc.
Human Characteristics
Specific to THAT place, not generic.
Man-made or invented.
Peoples activities change the way a place looks or is
represented.
Language
Unique buildings
Religious Practices
Celebrations/traditions/holidays
Examples:
Portuguese is the official language of Brazil.
Many Mexicans are Catholic.
Mayan ruins are located in Mexico.
Cinco de Mayo is a national holiday in Mexico.
Physical Characteristics
Specific to THAT place, not generic.
The way a place looks.
Mountains
Rivers, Lakes, Seas
Climate
Vegetation
Andes Mountains are in South America.
Amazon River flows through Brazil.
Pampas are located in Argentina.
The isthmus of Panama connects Central & South
America.
Created by nature.
Examples:
REGIONS
How
are regions similar to and different from
other places?
Formal
Regions
Regions
defined by governmental or administrative
boundaries (States, Countries, Cities)
Functional
Regions
Regions
defined by a function (newspaper service area,
cell phone coverage area, area code).
Perceptual/Vernacular
Regions
Regions
defined by peoples perception (Middle East, The
South, etc.)
Formal Region
Most common/familiar.
Determined by the distribution of a uniform
characteristic (physical or cultural)
Location
Climate
Religion
Central America (Mexico, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Panama)
States – Texas, Arizona, New York, Montana
Tropics (countries located near equator)
Examples
** All Formal Regions are based on MEASURABLE data!!!
Functional Region
Serves
a purpose that affects places
around it.
Distributes goods/people
Serves specific purpose
Examples:
Panama Canal
Amazon River Basin
Hollywood
Area Code 512
Perceptual Region
Groups
of areas that provoke a certain
stereotype or feeling.
Examples:
The Bronx
China Town
The South
The Middle East
Now, you try it…
State of Texas Amazon River Basin The South Rust Belt Travis County Country of Brazil The ship channel Aggieland Chinatown -
Now, you try it…
State of Texas - Formal
Amazon River Basin - Functional
The South - Perceptual
Rust Belt - Perceptual
Travis County - Formal
Country of Brazil - Formal
The ship channel - Functional
Aggieland - Perceptual
Chinatown - Perceptual
MOVEMENT
How
are people, goods, ideas moved
from place to place?
Human Movement
Trucks,
Trains, Planes
Information Movement
Phones,
computer (email), mail
Idea Movement
How
do fads move from place to place?
TV, Radio, Magazines
Movement
Places
Interconnectedness of the world changes
the way places “look”.
do not exist in isolation.
Today: “globalization”
People, goods & ideas move from place to
place.
Examples
Immigration from Latin America to US.
War in Iraq (troops, supplies, ideas, people)
UNL (people, ideas)
Facebook (ideas)
HUMAN-ENVIRONMENT
INTERACTION
How do humans and the environment affect
each other?
We depend on it.
We modify it.
People depend on the Tennessee River for water
and transportation.
We build dams
We adapt to it.
We adapt to the environment by wearing
clothing suitable for summer (shorts) and winter
(coats), rain and shine.
People modify our environment by
heating and cooling buildings for comfort.
Remembering the 5 themes
If
you can’t remembering what
they are just ask MR. HELP!!!
M
– Movement
R – Regions
HE – Human Environment interaction
L – Location
P - Place