Transcript FiBL - organic

Organic Agriculture Worldwide:
Key results from the survey on organic agriculture
worldwide 2011
Part 1: Global data and survey background
Research Institute of Organic Agriculture FiBL, Frick, Switzerland, in cooperation with the
International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements IFOAM
Supported by: Swiss State Secretariat of Economic Affairs, International Trade Centre, NürnbergMesse
Data as published February 2011 in The World of Organic Agriculture. Statistics and Emerging Trends 2011
For updates check www.organic-world.net
Contact: Helga Willer, Research Institute of Organic Agriculture, FiBL, Frick, Switzerland, [email protected]
http://www.organic-world.net/presentations-2011.html
The Global Survey on Organic Agriculture:
Supporters
› International Trade Centre, Geneva
› The Swiss State Secretariat of
Economic Affairs SECO, Berne
› Nürnberg Messe, the organizers of the
BioFach Organic Trade Fair
www.fibl.org
The World of Organic Agriculture 2011
›
›
The 12th edition of ‚The World of Organic
Agriculture‘, was published by FiBL and
IFOAM in February 2011.*
Contents:
›
›
›
›
›
›
›
Results of the survey on organic agriculture
worldwide;
Organic agriculture in the regions and
country reports;
Armenia, Australia, Canada, Chile, China,
Costa Rica, Indonesia, Kazakhstan,
Republic of Korea, Pacific Islands,
Switzerland, Tunisia, Uganda, United
States and Ukraine.
Chapters on the global market, standards &
legislations, voluntary standards and
organic beekeeping
Numerous tables and graphs.
The book can be ordered via IFOAM.org
and shop.FiBL.org.
*Willer, H, and Kilcher, L. (2011) The World
of Organic Agriculture. Statistics and
Emerging Trends 2011. IFOAM, Bonn, and
FiBL, Frick
www.fibl.org
Website www.organic-world.net
› Detailed statistics
in excel format
(in progress)
› Graphs & Maps
› Data revisions
› News and
background
information
www.fibl.org
About this presentation
› There are 3 presentations summarizing the key results of
the FiBL/IFOAM survey on organic agriculture worldwide
2011 (data 2009). In addition key results on crop and on
regional data are presented.
› More information is available at the password area of
www.organic-world.net
› The following three presentations are available at
http://www.organic-world.net/presentations-2011.html:
1. Data background and key data on organic agriculture: Land,
producers, market data 2009; Organic agriculture in developing
countries 2009
2. Land use and key crops in organic agriculture 2009
3. Organic agriculture in the regions 2009
www.fibl.org
Data background and key data on organic
agriculture: Land, producers, market data 2009
The 12th Survey on organic agriculture worldwide
›
›
›
›
›
›
›
›
The 12th survey on organic agriculture worldwide was carried out by the
Research Institute of Organic Agriculture FiBL and the International
Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements IFOAM.
The survey was carried out between July 2010 and February 2011.
Data were received from 160 countries (2008: 154 countries).
New countries included: Belarus, Channel Islands, Cook Islands,
Grenada, Haiti, Myanmar.
Updated data on area and producers were available for 142 countries.,
Data were provided by almost 200 country experts (representatives from
NGOs, certification bodies, governments, researchers).
The following data were collected:
›
›
›
›
Area data (including land use and crop details);
Producers, other operator types;
Domestic market values;
Exports and imports.
The results are published in the yearbook ‘The World of Organic
Agriculture 2011’ and at www.organic-world.net.
www.fibl.org
Countries and territories covered by the global
survey on organic agriculture 2009
Countries with
data on organic
agriculture
Countries per
region
Share of
countries
that provided
data (%)
67%
Africa
38
57
Asia
37
49
76%
Europe
45
46
98%
South & Central
America,
Caribbean
North America
29
45
64%
2
5
40%
Oceania
9
13
69%
160
214
75%
World
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL & IFOAM Survey 2011
8
Organic data collection systems world-wide 2009 for data on
area, operators and production (total 160 countries)
›
›
55;
34%
70;
44%
›
35;
22%
Government
www.fibl.org
Government collection systems
(70 countries)
›
›
›
Private collection systems (35
countries)
›
›
Data from the certifiers
Company data
No collection system (55
countries)
›
Private
Data from the certifiers
Census/farm structure survey
Direct payments
No collection system
Source: FiBL and IFOAM Survey 2011
FiBL and IFOAM collect the
data from the international
certifiers
International certifiers that provided data for
several countries (2009 data)
www.fibl.org
Networks, transnational data collection efforts
www.fibl.org
General notes on the data
›
›
›
›
›
›
Data sources: For data sources see annex to The World of Organic
Agriculture 2011.
Countries: For countries and areas, FiBL and IFOAM used the Standard
Country and Area Codes Classifications as defined by the United Nations
Statistics division.
Term organic: In the tables, the term organic refers to the fully converted
and in-conversion areas.
Share of total agricultural land: In some cases the calculation of the
shares of organic agricultural land, based on the Eurostat and FAOSTAT
data, might differ from the organic shares obtained from ministries or local
experts.
Producers: Some countries report the number of smallholders, and others
only the numbers of companies, projects or grower groups, which may each
comprise a number of producers.
Data revisions: Should data revisions and correction become necessary
these are communicated at the data revision pages of Organic-World.net.
http://www.organic-world.net/revisions.html
www.fibl.org
Key data/indicators on organic agriculture
world-wide 2009
› 160 countries have data on organic agriculture (up from
154).
› 37.2 million hectares of agricultural land are organic
(including conversion areas).
› The organic agricultural land increased by 2 million
hectares or six percent.
› 7 countries have more than ten percent organic
agricultural land, 17 countries have between 5 and 10
percent.
› There are 41.9 million hectares of further, non agricultural
areas (up from 31.1 million hectares)
› 1.8 million producers were reported (up from 1.4 million)
www.fibl.org
Definition of organic areas
›
Agricultural land (37.2 million
hectares in 2009)
›
›
›
›
Non-agricultural areas (41.9
million hectares in 2009)
›
›
›
›
www.fibl.org
Cropland
› Arable land (cereals, vegetables
etc.)
› Permanent crops (fruit, grapes,
olives …)
› Cropland, no details (=arable land
and permanent crops)
Permanent grassland
Other agricultural land
Wild collection/Bee keeping
Forest
Aquaculture
Grazing areas on non-agricultural land
Organic agricultural land by region 2009
›
›
›
›
Currently 37.2 million hectares are under organic agricultural
management (end of 2009 for most data).
The region with the most organic agricultural land is
›
›
›
›
›
›
Oceania, with 12.15 million hectares, followed by
Europe with almost 9.3 million hectares,
Latin America (8.6 million hectares),
Asia (3.6 million hectares),
North America (2.7 million hectares), and
Africa (more than 1 million hectares).
Oceania has almost one-third of the global organic agricultural land,
but its relative importance is decreasing. Europe, a region that has
had a very constant growth of organic land over the years, has one
quarter of the world’s organic agricultural land. The share of Latin
America is slightly lower than that of Europe (23 percent).
In addition to the agricultural land, there are 41.9 million hectares of
non-agricultural areas, mainly wild-collection.
www.fibl.org
1
Organic agricultural land and other organic
areas 2009
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL & IFOAM Survey 2011
Distribution of organic agricultural land by
region 2009
7.1%
2.8%
Oceania
32.6%
9.6%
Europe
Latin America
Asia
Northern America
23.0%
Africa
24.9%
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL & IFOAM Survey 2011
The countries with the most organic agricultural
land 2009
› Australia is the country with the most organic agricultural
land, 97 percent of which is extensive grazing area.
› Argentina is second, followed by the United States in third
place.
› The ten countries with the most organically managed
land have a combined total of 27.5 million hectares,
constituting three quarters of the world’s organic
agricultural land.
www.fibl.org
World: The ten countries with the most organic
agricultural land 2009
Australia
Argentina
USA (2008)
China (2008)
Brazil (2007)
Spain
India
Italy
Germany
Uruguay (2006)
12.00
4.40
1.95
1.85
1.77
1.33
1.18
1.11
0.95
0.93
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Million Hectares
Argentina, US and Uruguay: Only fully converted areas
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL/IFOAM Survey 2011, based on data from governments, the private organic
sector and certifiers.
14
Share of organic land of total agricultural area
2009
›
›
›
›
›
›
The share of the world’s organic agricultural of all agricultural land is
0.85 percent.
By region, the share is highest in Oceania (2.8 percent), followed by
Europe with 1.9 percent and Latin America with 1.4 percent. In the 27
countries of the European Union, the share of organically managed
land is more than 4.7 percent. In the other regions, the share of
organically managed land is less than one percent.
Seven countries have more than 10 percent organic land and 17
countries have between 5 and 10 percent organic land.
However, 68 percent of the countries for which data are available
have less than one percent organic agricultural land.
The country with the highest share is the Falkland Islands (Malvinas),
where several large sheep farms are working organically, followed by
Liechtenstein (26.9 percent) and Austria (18.5 percent).
It is interesting to note that many island states have high shares.
www.fibl.org
20
The ten countries/areas with the highest shares
of organic agricultural land 2009
Falklands (Malvinas)
35.7%
Liechtenstein
26.9%
Austria
18.5%
Sweden
12.6%
French Guiana
11.7%
Switzerland
10.8%
Estonia
10.5%
Czech Republic
9.4%
Latvia
9.0%
Italy
8.9%
0%
www.fibl.org
10%
20%
30%
Share of total agricultural land
Source: FiBL/IFOAM Survey 2011, based on data from governments,
organic sector organisations and certifiers.
40%
Distribution of organic shares of the total
agricultural areas 2009 (total countries 160)
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL & IFOAM 2011
Shares of some key crops of the respective total area
(2009)
(not for all countries with data on organic farming land use data were available)
Coffee
5.6%
Olives
4.7%
Cocoa
3.1%
Grapes
2.4%
Nuts
2.0%
Tea
1.7%
0%
www.fibl.org
2%
4%
Share of total agricultural land
Source: FiBL/IFOAM Survey 2011, based on data from governments,
organic sector organisations and certifiers.
6%
Growth of the organic agricultural land 2009
› Compared with the revised data from 2008, the organic
agricultural land increased by more than two million
hectares, or by six percent in 2009.
› Compared with 1999, when data on organic agriculture
worldwide were available for the first time the organic
agricultural land has more than trebled.
www.fibl.org
24
Growth of the organic agricultural land 20002009 by region
Table: Growth of the organic agricultural land by region 2000-2009 in million hectares
Region
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
In Million hectares
Africa
0.05
0.23
0.32
0.36
0.52
0.49
0.69
0.86
0.86
1.03
Asia
0.06
0.42
0.42
0.50
3.78
2.68
3.00
2.89
3.35
3.58
Europe
4.50
5.43
5.80
6.13
6.35
6.76
7.27
7.76
8.27
9.26
Latin
America
Northern
America
Oceania
3.92
4.77
5.75
5.96
5.22
5.06
4.95
6.41
8.07
8.56
1.06
1.28
1.26
1.41
1.72
2.22
1.79
2.29
2.58
2.65
5.31
5.31
6.25
11.30
12.18
11.81
12.43
12.07
12.11
12.15
14.90
17.44
19.81
25.65
29.76
29.01
30.13
32.31
35.23
37.23
Total
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL/IFOAM/SOEL Surveys 2000- 2011
World: Development of organic agricultural land
1999-2009
10
5
37.2
32.4
30.1
25.6
19.8
17.5
15
14.9
20
11.0
Million hectares
25
29.0
30
29.8
35
35.2
40
0
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL, IFOAM and SOEL 2000-2011
World: Development of organic agricultural land
by region 1999-2009
40
Oceania
In Million hectares
35
Northern America
30
Latin America
25
Europe
Asia
20
Africa
15
10
5
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL, IFOAM and SOEL 2000-2011
World: Development of organic agricultural land
2007 to 2009 by geographical region
2009
8.6
9.3
8.1
6
6.4
7.6
8
8.2
10
12.2
2008
12.1
2007
0
Africa
www.fibl.org
Asia
Europe
Latin
America
Source: FiBL & IFOAM Surveys 2009-2011
2.7
2.5
2.2
3.6
3.3
2.9
2
0.9
1.0
4
0.9
Million hectares
12
12.1
14
Northern
America
Oceania
The ten countries with the highest INCREASE of
organic agricultural land 2008-2009
Argentina
+390'825
Turkey
+216'444
Spain
+200'931
India
+161'530
Italy
+104'270
France
+93'494
Canada
+75'122
Sierra Leone
+71'512
Chile
+68'553
Czech Republic
+56'775
0
100'000
200'000
300'000
400'000
Hectares
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL/IFOAM Survey 2011, based on data from
governments, the private organic sector and certifiers
500'000
Further organic areas
› Apart from the organic agricultural land there are further
organic areas, the largest part of these are wild collection
areas and areas for beekeeping,
› Further areas are aquaculture, forest and grazing areas
on non-agricultural land.
› It should be noted, that many countries do not report
these areas, as they only communicate the agricultural
land.
› The total area for these areas was 41.9 million hectares,
constituting an increase of 10 million hectares compared
with 2008.
› Large increases of wild collection and beekeeping areas
occurred in Cameroon and Russia.
www.fibl.org
Wild collection and beekeeping areas
› 45.5 million hectares of wild collection and bee-keeping
areas were reported for 2009.
› The wild collection / bee-keeping areas are more or less
evenly distributed over four regions: Africa, Asia, Europe
and Latin America, reflecting quite a different pattern than
that for agricultural land.
› The collection of wild harvested crops is defined in the
IFOAM Basic Standards (IFOAM 2006), and wild
collection activities are regulated in organic laws.
www.fibl.org
Development of organic agricultural land and
other organic areas 1999 to 2009
40
35
Hectares
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
11.0
4.1
14.9
5.6
17.5
21.0
19.8
19.8
25.6
22.5
29.8
26.7
29.0
27.0
30.1
30.6
32.4
31.4
35.2
31.8
37.2
41.9
45
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Agricultural land
www.fibl.org
Other areas (Wild collection, bee keeping, aquaculture, forest, grazed non-agricultural land)
Source: FiBL /IFOAM/SÖL 2000-2011
Distribution of organic wild collection areas by
region 2009
0.5%
Africa
10.2%
Europe
39.6%
Latin America
20.4%
Asia
Northern America
29.4%
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL & IFOAM Survey 2011
Organic wild collection: The ten countries with the
largest wild collection areas (including bee-keeping)
2009
7.80
Finland
Brazil (2007)
Cameroon
Zambia
India
Namibia
Russian Federation
Bolivia (2006)
China
Argentina
Morocco
6.18
6.00
5.91
3.36
3.00
2.16
1.03
0.76
0.72
0.62
0
www.fibl.org
1
Million hectares
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
FiBL/IFOAM Survey 2011, based on data from governments, the private
organic sector and certifiers
9
Organic producers 2009
› For the current survey, a total of 1.8 million organic producers
was reported,
› This is an increase of more than 0.4 million compared with
2008.
› In India, the number of organic producers almost doubled in
2009.
› According to the data obtained, more than three quarters of
the producers are located in Asia, Africa and Latin America.
› The country with the most producers is India, followed by
Uganda and Mexico.
› It should be noted that not all certifiers reported the number of
producers; their number is probably higher than 1.8 million.
www.fibl.org
The ten countries with the largest numbers of
organic producers 2009
India
677'257
Uganda
187'893
Mexico
128'862
Ethiopia
101'578
Tanzania
85'366
Peru
54'904
Italy
43'029
Turkey
35'565
Burkina F.
27'748
Spain
25'291
0
www.fibl.org
200'000
400'000
600'000
Source: FiBL/IFOAM Survey 2011, based on data from governments, the
organic sector and certifiers
800'000
Organic producers by geographical region 2009
(total: 1.8 million)
1% 1%
14%
Asia
Africa
40%
Latin America
Europe
Northern America
Oceania
16%
28%
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL & IFOAM 2011
World: Development of organic producers 19992009
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL, IFOAM & SOEL 1999-2011
The global market for organic food and
beverages 2009
›
›
›
›
In 2009, the global market for certified
organic food and drink was estimated to be
54.9 billion US Dollars or approximately 40
billion Euros (average exchange rate 2009,
Sahota (2011).
The volume of the turnover with organic
products has more than trebled since 1999,
when it was estimated to be 15 billion US
Dollars. With the economic crisis growth
slowed down in 2009 in many countries, or
stagnated (Germany), but some countries
showed healthy growth also in 2009, for
instance France (+19 percent) or Norway
(+10 percent).
More than ninety percent of the organic
product revenues is made in the Northern
hemisphere. Europe accounts for 48 percent
of the global organic food sales; North
America for 48.1 percent (data 2009)
Sahota 2011
www.fibl.org
›
›
›
›
›
In 2009, the by far largest market was the
United States with 17.8 billion Euros of organic
food sales, followed by Germany with 5.8 billion
and France with 3 billion Euros .
In 2009, the countries with the highest market
shares for organic food were Denmark (7.2
percent), followed by Austria (6 percent) and
Switzerland (5.2 percent).
These are also the countries that have the
highest annual per capita consumption :
Denmark (139 Euros), Switzerland (132 Euros).
Shares that are reached for some products and
product groups are, however, considerably
higher as is shown by data that some countries
provide. In Switzerland 17 percent of the eggs
sold in the general retail trade are organic, 13
percent of the bread and 11 percent of the
vegetables. The most popular organic product
groups are fresh fruit and vegetables, dairy
products and bakery wares.
Compiled by FiBL 2011
Distribution of organic food sales by region
2009
4.0%
47.9%
48.1%
Europe
North America
Others
Source: Organic Monitor, Sahota 2011
www.fibl.org
The countries with the largest domestic
markets for organic food 2009
United States of America
17'835
Germany
5'800
France
3'041
United Kingdom
2'065
Italy
1'500
Canada (2008)
1'284
Switzerland
1'023
Japan
1'000
Spain
905
Austria
868
0
5'000
10'000
Million Euros
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL, based on national sources
15'000
20'000
Development of the global market for organic
food and beverages
Revenues in billion US Dollars
60
50
40
30
54.9
20
10
40.2
25.5
17.9
0
2000
www.fibl.org
2003
2006
2009
Source: Organic Monitor (Sahota 2011)
1'000
4'600
3'900
3'500
3'120
2'000
2'700
3'000
3'010
4'000
2'050
Million Euros
5'800
5'850
5'000
5'300
6'000
5'900
Growth of sales with organic food and
beverages in Germany 2000-2010
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Sources: Hamm/Rippin 2009, AMI 2010, 2011
www.fibl.org
The countries with the highest shares of
organic food sales 2009
Denmark
Austria
Switzerland
Sweden
United States of America
Germany
Luxembourg (2006)
Canada
Netherlands
France
Belgium
7.2
6.0
5.2
4.0
3.7
3.4
3.3
2.5
2.3
1.9
1.5
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
Market share in %
www.fibl.org
Source: Compiled by FiBL in cooperation with , AMI and ORC 2011,
based on national sources
7.0
8.0
The countries with the highest per capita
consumption 2009
Denmark
Switzerland
Austria
Luxembourg
Liechtenstein
Sweden
Germany
United States of America
France
Canada (2008)
139
132
104
103
100
75
71
58
47
38
0
25
50
75
100
Euros per year
www.fibl.org
Source: Compiled by FiBL in cooperation with , AMI and ORC 2011,
based on national sources
125
150
Switzerland: Shares of the total market for
selected organic product groups 2009
Eggs
17
16
Bread and other bakers' wares
11
Vegetables
9
Dairy products, no details
8
Convenience food
7
Fruit, no details
5
Cheese
3
Frozen food
Meat and meat products, no details
2
Beverages, no details
2
0.0
10.0
Share of total market
Source: Bio Suisse 2010
www.fibl.org
20.0
Switzerland and USA: Importance of selected product
groups of the overall turnover with organic food 2009
USA
Switzerland
Fruit and vegetables
Fruit and
vegetables
20
Dairy products
15
Bread/bakery products
Dairy products
13
Vegetables
8
Convenience food
8
Meat and meat products
5
Eggs
13
Breads and
grains
6
Beverages
14
Beverages
7
Cheese
15
Package
Foods
12
Fruit
11
Snack foods
4
4
Frozen food
Meat and fish
3
0
5
10
15
20
25
Share of all organic food sales
www.fibl.org
38
Source: Bio Suisse 2010 and OTA 2010
2
0
10
20
30
Share of all organic food sales
40
Organic agriculture in developing countries
2009
Organic farming in developing & transition
countries and emerging markets 2009
› About one third of the world’s organic agricultural land –
13.4 million hectares - is located in developing/transition
countries and in emerging markets.* Most of this land is
in Latin American countries, with Asia and Africa in
second and third place.
› 1.5 million producers are in these countries.
› *Countries listed in the List of Recipients of Official
Development Assistance (ODA) of the Development
Assistance Committee (DAC) of the Organization for
Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). The
list is available at
www.oecd.org/dataoecd/23/34/37954893.pdf.
www.fibl.org
Developing/transition countries and emerging
markets*: The ten countries with the largest areas of
organic agricultural land 2009
www.fibl.org
FiBL/IFOAM Survey 2011, based on data from governments, the private organic sector and
certifiers
*= countries on the DAC list, see
http://www.oecd.org/document/45/0,3746,en_2649_34447_2093101_1_1_1_1,00.html
Organic producers and agricultural land in the
countries of the DAC list
Producers
Agricultural land
Other countries
Other countries
Countries on DAC list
Countries on DAC list
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL, IFOAM & SOEL 1999-2011
Developing/transition countries and emerging
markets*: The ten countries with the largest highest
shares of organic agricultural land 2009
Dom. Republic
8.3%
Samoa
7.9%
Timor-Leste
6.7%
Sao Tome/Principe
6.5%
Uruguay
6.3%
Vanuatu
4.8%
Solomon Islands
4.3%
Argentina
3.3%
Niue
3.2%
Mexico
2.4%
0%
www.fibl.org
2%
4%
6%
8%
Source: FiBL/IFOAM Survey 2011, based on data from governments,
private organic sector organisations and certifiers.
10%