Transcript The land degradation assessment in drylands (LADA)

Land degradation
assessment in drylands
(LADA)
What is LADA?
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Land Degradation
Assessment in
Dryland
Areas
LADA PARTNERSHIP
At national and regional levels:
National CCD focal institutions, land and water divisions,
Regional bodies of UNCCD, CST, TPNs
At International level:
The LADA Secretariat is hosted by FAO and can be contacted at:
LADA Secretariat, AGLL
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations , FAO ,
Viale delle Terme di Caracalla,
00100 Rome, Italy
Fax:00390657056275
Phone:00390657053843
E-mail: http://LADA.virtualcentre.org
OBJECTIVES OF LADA
1. Develop and test an effective assessment methodological
framework for land degradation in dry lands
2. Build national, regional and global assessment capacities
for land degradation assessment and monitoring to assist
in the design, planning and monitoring of interventions to
mitigate land degradation and establish sustainable land
use and management practices
3. Assess (quantitative, qualitative and georeferenced) land
degradation at global, national and sub-national levels to:
LADA OBJECTIVES (ctnd)
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Identify the status, driving forces and impacts, as well as
trends of land degradation in drylands in all its components
including physical resources (such as soils, water, vegetation,
biodiversity) and human resources (livelihood systems, cultural
societies),
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Identify and characterize the hotspots: the areas with
greatest land constraints, high risks or high level of on going
land degradation of such areas and areas under risks of
degradation, drought or floods,
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Identify and characterize the bright spots: the areas where
the degradation has been slowed or reversed through conducive
policies and actions (area of success & priority area for most
cost-effective rehabilitation of fragile lands),
THE LADA APPROACH
LADA follows a participatory, decentralised, countrydriven and integrated approach and makes ample use
of participatory rural appraisals, expert assessment,
field measurements, remote sensing, GIS, modelling and
other modern means of data generation, networking
and communication technologies for share of
information at national and international levels.
Key elements of the approach are:
Participation and inclusion of different perception of LD
•Combination of expert assessment & local knowledge
•Use adapted assessment tools for specific environments
How to measure Changes
S.O.M. &
Productivity
Land use change
How to measure complexity
RESPONSES
DRIVING
FORCES
IMPACTS
PRESSURES
STATE
MACRO-ECONOMIC
POLICIES
LAND USE
DEVELOPMENT
POPULATION
GROWTH
POVERTY
LAND USE LAND
TENURE CONDITION
EXTREME CLIMATE
EVENTS/CHANGE
NATURAL DISASTERS
WATER STRESS
DEMANDS FROM
SECTORS
AGRICULTURE,
URBAIN ...etc
NUTRIENT MINING
DEMANDS FOR
WASTE DISPOSAL
POPULATION
GROWTH
OVER CULTIVATION,
OVER GRAZING,
DEMANDS FOR
WATER USES
…
INDICATORS DEVELOPMENT
RESPONSES
DRIVING
FORCES
PRESSURES
MACRO ECONOMIC
POLICIES
LAND POLICIES AND
POLICY INSTRUMENTS
CONSERVATION AND
REHABILITATION
MONITORING AND
EARLY WARNING
SYSTEMS
COMMITMENT TO
INTERNATIONAL
CONVENTIONS
INVESTMENTS IN LAND
AND WATER RESURCES
LAND PRODUCTIVITY
DECLINE
SOIL DEGRADATION &
SOIL CONTAMINATION
SOIL EROSION
SOIL SALINIZATION
LOSS OF VEGETATION
COVER
LOSS OF BIOLOGICAL
DIVERSITY
….
STATE
IMPACTS
LAND PRODUCTIVITY
DECLINE
POVERTY AND MIGRATION
LAND GOODS AND SERVICE
WATER CYCLE AND QUALIT
CARBON STORAGE CAPACIT
DECLINE
HABITAT DESTRUCTION AN
LOSS OF BIODIVERSITY
CHANGE IN HUMAN
POPULATION SIZE AND
SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION
OTHER OFF-SITE IMPACTS
LADA Steps
Identification of Land Degradation
Problems and Users Needs Assessment
Establishment of a LADA Task Force
LADA Outputs
Perception of Impacts and
Economic & Ecological costs
Institution Building
Knowledge Base Gap Analysis
Stocktaking & Preliminary Analysis
Criteria and Indicators
Stratification and Sampling Strategy
Cost/Benefit Analysis
Field Surveys &
Participatory Assessment
Decision Support Tools
Information Integration
Web Site / Reports / Maps
Monitoring Strategies & Tools
New Land Use
Policies & Practices
Case Study - Argentina
WHY IS LADA IMPORTANT IN
ARGENTINA?
Argentina ranks ninth in the world for total
amount of drylands & is one of only 14
countries to have more than 1 million km2 of
drylands (WRI 2003)
The dry subhumid, semiarid & arid regions
cover 2/3 of Argentina’s terrestrial territory
The arid region occupies the largest area (51.5
% of the total land area)
30% of the population lives in drylands (9 M
people).Among them 1/3 live on less than 1 U$S
per day
Livestock ranching is the primary means of
livelihood, followed by dryland agriculture
The country presents different levels of
desertification, as shown in the map
COMPOSITION OF THE NATIONAL TASK FORCE AND PILOT SITES
Pilot sites
National Task
Force
UBA
Puna
Chaco
Centre W
UNCo
IADIZA
SAyDS
INTA
Patagonia
LADA STAGES
RESULTS
1. Identifying land degradations
Perceiving economics and ecological
problems and assessing the users’
Impacts & costs
needs
National preliminary report (ed. Web + CD)
2. . Establishing LADA Task Force
3. Inventory and preliminary analysis
Institutional strengthening
Articulation, communication, network
Background knowledge
Analysis of missing elements
National workshop, May 2002, 42 persons,
25 Institutions
4. Stratification and sampling
strategy
5. Field surveys and participatory
assessment
6. Integration of information
Criteria and indicators
Monitoring Groups –Unified Methodology
Case studies
Operational hot & bright spots. Puna,
Centre W, Patagonia & Chaco
Cost/benefit Analysis
Decision support tools
System for degradation follow up
7. Supervision of strategies and tools
New land use policies and practices
ACHIEVEMENTS
• Interesting development in
the diagnosis of natural
resources.
• Human and institutional
capacity (large number of
Institutions at different levels)
• Existence of NAP & National
Coordination Agency
• Diversity of geographic and
social situations
• International Cooperation
• Plenty of Information.
• Number of projects on natural
resources
• Many methodologies and
technologies implemented at
local and regional level.
• Involvement of different
actors (NGOs/GOs)
PRIORITIES
• Lack of assessments at
national level
• Lack of a socio-economic
quantification.
• Extensive area and diversity of
situations at regional and local
level
• Data accessibility
• Lack of balance between
volume of biophysiical
information and economic
data.
• Lack of examples and
demonstrative cases of good
and bad practices
• Lack of diffusion and use by
private and public sectors
Aridity Index
Wind seep
Climate
Soil freezing
Topology
Salinity-alkalinity
Geology
Wind erosion
Geomorphology
Ecosystems
Water erosion
Vegetation
Vulnerability
Soil texture
Soils
Vegetation: cover
and stratification
Desertification
hazards
Population density
Poverty Index
Population
Human
pressure
Livestock pressure
Land use
Use of wood
and firewood
Thematic maps with basic data
Base map delimiting and identifying
ecological work units
Stage 1 Qualitative
Inventory
Maps of factors and processes
Synthetic maps of factors and
processes
Stage 2 Qualitative and Quantitative
Diagnosis and assessment
Map of desertification hazards
Stage 3 Quantitative
. Identification of participants (participation/key actors: expectations,
needs, strategies)
. Selection of area of intervention
. Determining the scale of temporal and spatial analysis
II. DEFINITION AND PRIORITIZATION OF PROBLEMS,
OBJECTIVES, IMPACT AND PERFORMANCE HYPOTHESES
. Problem identification and establishing hierarchy
. Knowledge of the environmental system and desertification processes
affecting it
. Identification of the causes and consequences of desertification
. Adoption of units of analysis (reference environmental units)
Process Replication – Time 2
PROCEDURES FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A SYSTEM FOR DESERTIFICATION MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT
I. PRELIMINARY AGREEMENTS
Identification of problems, actors and areas of intervention
III. ASSESSMENT AND DIAGNOSIS
Formulation of a participatory strategic diagnosis of the status of
desertification
. Pre-diagnosis: basic knowledge of the system
. Agreement on the assessment procedure (criteria for selecting indicators
and assessment methods)
. Identification and selection of indicators (in terms of prioritized
problem/objective/ unit of analysis)
. Adoption of reference points (base line, data sources, measurement
protocols)
. Design and adoption of the Monitoring and Assessment System (MAS)
. Identification of pilot sites, study cases or measurement stations
. Elaboration of procedures for data collection, processing and storage
. Determination of ecosystem fragility, human pressure and desertification
status through reference environmental units
IV. RESPONSE: INTERVENTION PLAN
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Identification of solutions and fields of action
Formulation and assessment of the impact of intervention strategies
Design of the Intervention Plan
Implementation of the Intervention Plan
V. MONITORING AND FOLLOW-UP
. Process operation, monitoring and follow-up
. Impact assessment
. Feedback and follow-up (making the necessary adjustments to assure
continuity of the
process)
THANK YOU VERY MUCH