Transcript First Americans

First Americans
VOCABULARY
VOCABULARY
TEACHER
DEFINITION
NOMADIC
People who search
for food by
traveling from one
area to another are
nomadic.
ADAPT
To change or get
used to a new way
of living in order to
survive in a new
environment.
BIOME
An environment or
area with a unique
climate, set of
plants and animals.
STUDENT
DEFINITION
DRAWING
VOCABULARY
VOCABULARY
TEACHER
DEFINITION
TUNDRA
A treeless biome with a
variety of moss and
grasses. The ground is
frozen ten months a
year and swampy and
wet during the summer.
Winter temperatures
can drop below -50.
Summer temperatures
rarely get higher than
60 degrees.
INUIT
People who live in the
tundra and have
learned to adapt to the
cold weather.
STUDENT
DEFINITION
DRAWING
They were here first
The Land Bridge Theory
Around 20,000
years ago,
during the Ice
Age, people
began to arrive
in North
America. They
followed their
food source.
Where did they live?
These people spread over
the continents of North
America and South
America.
They lived in all Geographic
regions of North America.
Map
Your turn:
MARK YOUR MAPS!
 Mark the Biome/Climate
 Mark the civilizations: INUIT
3 Questions to
answer
1. What region did each group
inhabit?
2. What was the climate and
geography like for each group?
3. How did the geography and
climate affect the way each group
met their basic needs?
What are Geography &
Climate?
 What the land looks like…flat,
mountainous, hilly…
 What the weather is like over a
long period of time
List
3 Basic Needs
1.FOOD
2.CLOTHING
3.SHELTER
North…
•Hundreds of lakes carved
by glaciers
•Wrapped around the
Hudson Bay in a horseshoe
shape
•Oldest rock formations in N.
America
•Hills worn by erosion
Where Are We?
The Inuit
Region: Canadian Shield
TUNDRA
 What is the climate like?
It’s COLD!
 Frozen tundra, with
temperatures below freezing
much of the year
Tools Of The Trade
Above: Trading boat Below: Tools
Above: Fishing net Below: Drying rack
The Land
THE INUIT PEOPLE
 The Inuit are the aboriginal inhabitants of the
North American Arctic, from Bering Strait to East
Greenland, Arctic Canada, northern Alaska and
Greenland, and have close relatives in Russia.
 They are united by a common cultural heritage
and a common language.
 Until recently, outsiders called the Inuit "Eskimo."
Now they prefer their own term, "Inuit," meaning
simply "people.”
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
 According to archaeological
research, the origins of the Inuit
lie in northwestern Alaska.
These first Alaskan Inuit lived on
the seacoast and tundra, where
they hunted seals, walrus,
whales, and caribou. They and
their ancestors were the first
Arctic people to become expert
at hunting the larger sea
mammals, such as the bowhead
whale.
CULTURE
 The Inuit were a nomadic culture that circulated
almost exclusively north of the timberline.
Basic Needs
The Inuit people managed to survive in
this cold TUNDRA environment.
Food
Hunt
Fish
Cultivate
Clothing
Animal skins or Plants?
Shelter
What natural resource did they use?
Food
•The Inuit fished and hunted.
•Their main food was fish.
They also ate: Whales, seals, walrus, and caribou.
Clothing
 They used animal skins and furs.
CLOTHING
 Warm clothing was important to the Inuit
tribes. Sealskin was usually wore in the
summer. In the winter caribou skin was
worn. Caribou skin was light weight yet very
warm.
CLOTHING
 One Inuit garment, the hooded coat called
the parka, has been adopted by skiers and
others who spend time in the cold. An atiqik
is a Inuit parka made with goose down
SHELTER
 They used ice blocks to make their shelters.
 Their shelters were called Igloos
 They also used animal skins to make skin
tent shelters.
IGLOOS AS SHELTER
 An igloo translated sometimes as snow house, is a
shelter constructed from blocks of snow, generally in
the form of a dome
 Other Inuit people tended to use snow to insulate their
houses which consisted of whalebone and hides. The
use of snow is due to the fact that snow is an insulator
(due to its low density). On the outside, temperatures
may be as low as -49 °F, but on the inside the
temperature may range from 19 °F to 61 °F when
warmed by body heat alone
HOUSING
 They also lived in houses made of driftwood
and sod, and almost certainly spoke an
early version of the Inuit language, Inuktitut.
 That picture shows how they moved. They
could move with their house on sled.
 Inuktittut, the language
LANGUAGE used by the Inuit in the
EXAMPLE
eastern Arctic, had no
written form until one
was developed by a
missionary in the 1800's.
The language is written
in syllabic symbols
corresponding to groups
of sounds.
Inuit harpoon
NEXT
 READ THE ARTICLE “PUT ON YOUR
EARMUFFS”
 TAKE NOTES AS YOU READ
 QUIZ TOMORROW!!!!
NEXT: THE PLAINS