Transcript Institute of Agricultural Ministry of Science Genetics and

Institute of Agricultural
Ministry of Science
Genetics and Biotechnology
Tel: 84 47551102
Fax: 84 48 364295
Email: [email protected]
and Technology
Tel: 84 49439663
Fax: 8449439733
Binasia – National Workshop
27-28 January 2005; Hanoi Vietnam
Some information about agricultural
Biotechnology in private sector in Vietnam
Assoc.Prof. Le Thi Anh Hong
I. introduction
1.
Vietnam is situated in the Indochina peninsula with a total land
surface area of 330,000 square kilometers and coast line of
proximately 3,200 kilometers. The country is divided into three plains.
The northern, central and southern plains.
2.
With around 70% of the labor force working in agriculture and forestry,
Vietnam remains an agrarian society. although the share of
agriculture in GDP is diminishing. In 1997, agriculture accounted for
only 26% of GDP (Gross Domestic Product) compared to 42% in
1989 which means that the share of agriculture in GDP is now lower
than both industry (32%) and service (43%).
I. introduction
•
Vietnam has limited but very fertile agricultural land. On average, the
cultivated areas amounts to only 0,1 ha per capita. Which is among
lowest in the world. Rice. Which occupies 80% of the cultivated areas,
is by far the most important crop for both subsistence and export,
although the export earnings from coffee are of a similar magnitude.
Over the last decade, however, agricultural production has diversified
and today industrial crops account for around 2000 of the production
I. introduction
•
Vietnamese government recognized the importance of biotechnology
for the country. Since 1994, biotechnology has been identified as
priority is for funding. it has been ranged the second in importance
after information technology. Despite the limit of total funding capacity
for science, hut funding for biotechnology is increasing from year to
year. However, development of agricultural biotechnology is still far
from expectation. Among the number of existing reasons, the poor
participation of private sector in research development of agricultural
biotechnology could be important one. This has historical origin. Only
in recent year, Vietnam has the “Mo cua” and entered market
economy system and since then, private sector start play more and
more important role in economy. This situation happens in the area of
research and development as well as in the area of agricultural
biotechnology.
I. introduction
•
Private sector starts to have share in this area since early 90, and
shared ratio become slowly but constantly higher in recent years.
•
The ultimate goal of agricultural biotechnology in Vietnam is to create
scientific basis for development of agriculture in the country. Which
could satisfy the demand in food and row material for industry and
export.
•
Priorities orientations of biotechnology’ in agriculture development to
the year 2010 of Vietnamese Government are (cite from MOST —
1998)
I. introduction
•
1.
Selection and breeding high quality varieties for the
development of forestry, medicine herbs and crop plants
(including cell and gene technologies.)
•
2.
Producing bio-fertilizer.
•
3.
Producing biopesticides used in plant protection and
product conservation.
•
4.
Producing vaccine for animals and striving to have new
generation one.
•
5.
Producing KIT for diagnosis of plant and husbandry’
animal diseases.
•
6.Human resource training for biotechnology.
I. introduction
•
in Main scopes of agricultural biotechnology activities have
been approved to aim at:
•
Mass propagation of healthy’ material for plant and animal
production.
•
Creating of new varieties of plant and animal having higher
yield or better quality, better resistance to insect and diseases
•
Promoting the use of biological methods in plant and animal
protection to minimize the amount of polluted agrochemical
•
Developing biofertilizers.
II. PRESENT STATUS OF PARTICIPATION OF PRIVATE SECTOR IN
AGRICULTURAL
II.1. Plant propagation
•
This is the most intensive area of agricultural biotechnology with
which agricultural biotechnology has been developed in Vietnam. A
net of micro - propagation laboratories has been developed by both
government and private companies. It has been calculated that every
year these factories provide to production 20-30 millions healthy
seedlings. Among them forestry plants shared 17 millions seedlings.
The rest part come to flower, ornamental, potato, cassava, medicinal,
fruit plants… and other plants.
II. PRESENT STATUS OF PARTICIPATION OF PRIVATE SECTOR IN
AGRICULTURAL
II.1. Plant propagation
•
In the area of micro - propagation private sector play’s important role.
Exist here two types of factories. Private and government funded
factories. In private factories all investments for establishing of the
factories, running expenses includes technology development are
fully’ carried out by companies or private persons. Private factories
react very quickly to specific demand in planting material of certain
plants and provide to farmer millions of seedlings in the locations
every year. This type of factories are usually mall, poorly funded. but
they are very operative. Most of them are non-registered until recent
years. Recent tendency revealed that a number of private
biotechnology companies has been registered. They are
II. PRESENT STATUS OF PARTICIPATION OF PRIVATE SECTOR IN
AGRICULTURAL
II.1. Plant propagation
•
functioning efficiently. answering quickly on demand of production in
the area of seedling production.
•
In government funded factories, government pays for the
establishment of the factories and training of staffs, technology
transfer. Running expenses are taken by the companies. These
factories are better equipped, production scale are larger. The
purposes of these factories are to meet demand of provinces or
government programs in larger quantity of healthy seedlings.
Table 1: Micro propagation Companies and groups
Type of micro propagation factories
Private corn anies (registered)
Hoang gia Company
Thien nong Company’
Bio-horticulture Company
Anh tn Company
Vu hung Company
Hoang lan Company
Bac phi Company
Saigon Orchid Company’
Langbang Company
Private group (non registered)
Phuong — Thanh Group
Tran de Group
Bui Le Group
Nguyen Luan Group...
Number
9
20
II. PRESENT STATUS OF PARTICIPATION OF PRIVATE SECTOR IN
AGRICULTURAL
II.1. Plant propagation
•
It is useful to mentioned about role of private sector in providing of
seedlings of fruit plants like citrus, litc/hi, Logan by grafting and
Forestry. This part of work is carried out exclusively’ by private sector.
II. PRESENT STATUS OF PARTICIPATION OF PRIVATE SECTOR IN
AGRICULTURAL
II.2. Bio - products:
•
Bio - products are an area of intensive activity ol’ private
sector. It includes two types of production: bio-fertilizers and
products for plant protection- bio -pesticides and bio insecticides.
•
a. Bio - fertilizer: until 2001 registered 34 types of bio fertilizers. They are produced in all ecological regions of the
country with different scales. The producers are as followine:
•
1.
Sugar companies: this a type of state company. There are
35 sugar companies. All of them have bio - fertilizer processing
factory with following production capacity.
II. PRESENT STATUS OF PARTICIPATION OF PRIVATE SECTOR IN
AGRICULTURAL
Table 2: Sugar companies producing bio —fertilizers
name of sugar companies
Viet tn, Song lam, Tuyen quang, Quang binh, Phan rang, Binh
thuan, Eaknop, Tri an, Nuoc trong TN, Kien giang, Soc trang.
production capacity
<5.000
Song con, N.An Tate& L, Son duong, Hoa binh, Gao bang, Binh
dinh, Dien khanh, Dak lak, Bourbon Gia lai, Ben tre, Phung hiep,
Vi thanh.
5.000 -7.000
Nong cong, Quang ngai, Tuy hoa, La nga, Binh duong, Duong tho
TN, Hiep hoa, Ca mau
10.000
Lam son
>15.000
II. PRESENT STATUS OF PARTICIPATION OF PRIVATE SECTOR IN
AGRICULTURAL
II.2. Bio - products:
•
These sugar companies are funded by the government, but running
expenses are covered by them- self. For production. they received
technology transfer from universities or research institutions. At the
present time they’ produce 70.000 ton of bio - fertilizer equal 30% of
their production capacity. It is going tendency’ to privatize these sugar
companies. Part of them became shared holder companies.
•
2. Private bio - fertilizer Factories: These numbers of private bio fertilizer producing factories that are listed below:
II. PRESENT STATUS OF PARTICIPATION OF PRIVATE SECTOR IN
AGRICULTURAL
Table 3: Private bio -fertilizer factories:
STT
1
2
3
4
5
6
Products and producers
Compost HCVS
Phyto-hormone and 15 join venture branches
VS HUDAVIL
Science-production Co - operation and 7 join
venture branches
Bio - fertilizer
KOMIX Thien Sinh company and 9 join venture branches
Bio - fertilizer HUMIX
Huu co company
Bio –fertilizer
Dai Bo cooperation. Hai Duong
Bio - fertilizer
Hai Ha Bio-fertilizer company. Hai Duong
Production in
2001 (ton)
100.000
35.000
12.000
12.000
500
200
II. PRESENT STATUS OF PARTICIPATION OF PRIVATE SECTOR IN
AGRICULTURAL
Table 3: Private bio -fertilizer factories:
STT
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Products and producers
Bio- fertilizer
Chemical and rubber company. Quang Binh
Bio - fertilizer NPK
Chemical and rubber company. Quang Binh
Bio – fertilizer
Chemical cooperation. Da Nang
BIOMIX
Bio - fertilizer enterprise. Son Tay
Bio – fertilizer
Silk company. Son La
Bio-fertilizer
Silk company, Moc Ghau
Bio – fertilizer
Mineral company, Son La
Production in
2001 (ton)
6.250
5.563
6.000
250
100
1.000
II. PRESENT STATUS OF PARTICIPATION OF PRIVATE SECTOR IN
AGRICULTURAL
II.2. Bio - products:
•
These companies in the most cases are to utilize the waste of
production. return it to useful products to meet local demands in
fertilizer.
•
Parts of Bio -
fertilizer are produced by research institution and
universities in join venture with production units in provinces.
•
Products for plant protection:
II. PRESENT STATUS OF PARTICIPATION OF PRIVATE SECTOR IN
AGRICULTURAL
II.3. Biotechnology for crop improvement:
•
This area of activities is covered entirely by governments. State
companies. private sectors do not yet take part in these activities.
Meanwhile this is the most important and larger area in agricultural
biotechnology, which requires enormous efforts from both government
and private sectors.
II. PRESENT STATUS OF PARTICIPATION OF PRIVATE SECTOR IN
AGRICULTURAL
II.4. Biotechnology in Plant Diseases Control:
•
All
of
activities
on
quarantine
procedure
are
organized
by
Government. But in recent years. some private companies and area
of plant disease diagnosis are emerged for eliminating important
diseases before multiplication of some kinds of flower, potato, citrus,
bananas and forestry trees.
II. PRESENT STATUS OF PARTICIPATION OF PRIVATE SECTOR IN
AGRICULTURAL
II.5. Biotechnology for cattle breeding:
•
Requirement of cattle breeding in funding is higher than plant breeding.
for propagation technology of animal breeds, all of technologies in this
area are very expensive. So that it is very difficult for every private
companies to take part in this area (for example vegetative propagation
of animal breeds). However, many private companies try to apply
advance technologies to create the new varieties
•
of animal breeds in Vietnam condition to meet demands of domestic
market.
II. PRESENT STATUS OF PARTICIPATION OF PRIVATE SECTOR IN
AGRICULTURAL
II.5. Biotechnology for cattle breeding:
•
The activities on Animal disease diagnosis on shrimp- Fish, Beef, Pig
also emerge in the private sector. Beside, the farmers also applied
Biotechnology in taking care animal such as chicken, shrimp, fish ... in
collaboration
with
some
private
companies
from
Thailand
in
Vietnamese condition from sanitary animal house in each household to
nutrition region.
III. PERSPECTIVE OF PRIVATE SECTOR IN AGRICULTURAL
BIOTECHNOLOGY
III.1.Importance of private sector in agricultural biotechnology in
Vietnam
•
Vietnam is country with divers agro-ecological regions. each region has
specific needs in planting material, specific plants varieties, specific
animal breeds. All these need should not be covered by government
programs. Private sector, especially small and medium size companies
are flexible and quickly reacting could fulfil these needs. Private sector
could mobilize all human and material resources on all levels to meet
specific demands in the locations.
III. PERSPECTIVE OF PRIVATE SECTOR IN AGRICULTURAL
BIOTECHNOLOGY
III.1.Importance of private sector in agricultural biotechnology in
Vietnam
•
On the other side, funding for biotechnology, especially in the area of
improvement of crops and animal breeds are very expensive, even for
developed, rich countries. In those countries private sector covers of
total expenses for R&D in biotechnology. Vietnam is poor country,
involvement of private sector for development of biotechnology is of
extreme importance
III. PERSPECTIVE OF PRIVATE SECTOR IN AGRICULTURAL
BIOTECHNOLOGY
III.2. Privatization tendency in agricultural biotechnology
We can note following tendency in the area of agricultural biotechnology
•
A number of newly funded private companies working in the area of
Agricultural biotechnology increased remarkably’ in recent years.
•
Number of State owned enterprises become shared holder is
increased. These enterprises consequently will he act as private
company
III. PERSPECTIVE OF PRIVATE SECTOR IN AGRICULTURAL
BIOTECHNOLOGY
III.2. Privatization tendency in agricultural biotechnology
We can note following tendency in the area of agricultural biotechnology
•
Government funded laboratories (factories) presently are working on
self funded base. To increase efficiency of these factories it is beneficial
to return them in to shared holder enterprises.
•
The private sector in the most important area — biotechnology for
improvement of crop varieties and animal breeds still do not exist.
There must be created favorable conditions for these companies to
come.
IV. CONCLUSION
•
Ultimately, biotechnology is more than just a new and useful
agricultural tool. It could also be a hugely important instrument of
economic development in many poorer regions of Vietnam. The
participation of the private sector is essential to the further
development of the seed and biotechnology industries in Vietnam,
we would like help us to prepare appropriate policies be adopted
to encourage the private sector, both domestic and international,
to engage in private seed and other biotechnology enterprises in
Vietnam
IV. CONCLUSION
•
This, in turn, would be an important step in the journey toward
genuine food security. But as a report published contends: ills
critical that the potential benefits of biotechnology (especially
gene technology) become available to developing countries, it is
also critical that biotechnology (especially” gene technology)
become available to private sector.
IV. CONCLUSION
•
Because the participation of the private sector is essential to the
seed and biotechnology industries in Vietnam, Can you BINASIA
support for prepare
an appropriate policies be adopted to
encourage the private sector, both domestic and international, to
engage in private seed and other biotechnology enterprises in
Vietnam.
IV. CONCLUSION
•
Because policy makers, scientists, farmers, and the public have
limited access to information as a basis for informed decision
making, and because this limitation is exacerbated by the fact that
most information related to biotechnology is in English, the Panel
recommends support for the establishment and operation of a
biotechnology outreach and communications program that would
disseminate information in the local language and help train
agricultural biotechnology stakeholders in biotechnology
communications.
Thank you!
Thank you!
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Thank you!