Transcript eprints.cmfri.org.in

Mapping of Coral Reef
Research: A global perspectives
By
V. Mohan
Guide
Prof. (Dr.) S. Ravi
Department of Library & Information Science
Annamalai University
1
What ???
• Corals are living beings, belonging to
•
•
•
•
marine Invertebrate
Phylum Coelenterata or Cnidaria
occurring in the depth ranging from the
low tide to 6000 metres mainly in the
tropical regions of the oceans and seas.
Hard corals, soft corals, precious corals
and hydrocorals
It may grow about half a centimetre to
several centimetres in a year and a
branch may have taken 15 years to
grow
2
Distribution of Coral reefs in the major oceanic
regions.
Oceanic Regions
Asiatic Mediterranean
Indian ocean
South Pacific
North Pacific
Caribbean
North Atlantic
Red Sea
Persian Gulf
South Atlantic
Total
Reef area
X 1000 Km2
Percentage of
Total reef
Area
182
30
146
24
77
13
76
12
57
9
32
5
27
4
12
2
8
1
617
100
3
4
5
6
7
Coral reef distribution…
8
Global Level Distributions of Coral Reefs
9
Distribution
of coral reefs
in India
10
Benefits of coral reefs…
•
Make biologically diverse and productive ecosystems on the earth.
•
Constitute feeding, breeding and nursery grounds for many fishes and invertebrates,
thus supporting a unique coral reef ecosystem in the fisheries sector.
•
Provides natural protection between the open seas and coastlines from tidal, water
currents, winds etc
•
Act as wave breaks and effectively prevent coastal erosion
•
Protect coastal areas from the consequences of predicated damages
•
Potentially act as bio-indicators for climate changes
•
Bio-indicators of coastal pollution
•
Potential store house of medicinally valuable bio-active compounds
•
Reef related aquarium and tourism plays an important role in the economics of many
countries
•
Ornamental purposes
•
Some industries are exploiting the coral reefs illegally for industrial purposes such as
cement production and wall paints.
11
Potential net benefits per year and Net
Present Value (NPV) Coral Reefs per
region (in US$ million)
Economic
Value of
Coral Reefs
Southeas
t Asia
Caribbe
an
Indian
Ocean
Pacific
(Km2)
89,000
19,000
54,000
67,000
Fisheries
2,281
391
969
Coastal Protection
5,047
720
Tourism
/Recreation
4,872
Reef Area
Biodiversity Value
Total
NPV (at 3%)
Japan
USA
Australia
World
3,000
3,000
49,000
2,84,000
1060
89
70
858
5,718
1,595
579
268
172
629
9,009
663
1,408
269
779
483
1,147
9,621
458
79
199
172
529
401
3,645
5,483
12,658
1,853
4,171
2,079
1,665
1,126
6,278
29,830
3,38,348
49,527
1,11,484
55,584
44,500
30,097
1,67,819
7,97,359
Ref: Cesar, et. al. 2003
12
Fish Production Global level
Source: FAO fish statistics
13
THANKS
14
15
16
17
18
Sponge coral
19
Coral Acropora sp.
Spawning
Atoll
20