Transcript (MIREX), have worked with the space agencies to fly Amateur Radio

NASA and Amateur Radio Space
Communication
Will Marchant, UC Berkeley
[email protected]
http://chips.ssl.berkeley.edu/~marchant
And
http://www.spaceworksinc.com/
University of California, Berkeley
Space Sciences Lab
• Established 1958
• Supports science by
UCB faculty
• Balloons, rockets, and
satellites
• SETI@Home
Topics
• CHIPSat
• NASA Communications
–
–
–
–
–
–
Ground Network and Deep Space Network
Space Network- TDRSS
Space to Space
Military Support
Commercial Support
Protocols: CCSDS vs. IP
• The Amateur Radio Space Program
– OSCAR
– In Human Spaceflight
– Protocols: AX.25
What is space?
• USAF- 50 miles
• FAI 100 km
• Who “owns” space?
• Outer Space Treaty
• ITU
• http://www.oosa.unvie
nna.org/SpaceLaw/spa
celaw.htm
What is an orbit?
Low vs. Geostationary Earth
Orbits
• Closer to Earth’s
surface
• Less energy
• Decay sooner
• Less radiation in
equatorial
• Can see a hemisphere
• Fixed ground antennae
• Fixed “real estate”
• www.celestrak.com
CHIPS Program Overview
• University of California, Berkeley Space Sciences
Laboratory & SpaceDev, Inc.
• P.I. Dr. Mark Hurwitz
• First UNEX to go beyond study phase
• Mission Objectives
– All sky survey at EUV wavelengths (90 to 260 Å)
– Constrain models of heating and cooling processes in
nearby hot interstellar plasma
Spacecraft Bus
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
70 kg
3-axis stabilized
+/- 2° attitude
no propulsion
survival solar panels
S-band links
Full hemisphere RF
18 month design
Launch
• December 19, 2002
– CORIOLIS mission
– Shroud pyrotechnics
• January 11, 2003
– Tank pressurization
• January 12, 2003
– Launch at 1945 Eastern time!
Mission Operations
•
•
•
•
End-to-end use of the Internet
Early systems integration
“Test the same way you’ll fly”
Appropriate levels of security
CHIPSat Data Flow
UCB
SOC
LAN
HESSI
CHIPSat
Router
switch
MCC
SpaceDev
MCC
server
client
LAN
INTERNET
MCC
LAN
client
Adelaide
CHIPSat
FedSat
CHIPSat
Router
switch
NASA Ground Network
• http://www.wff.nasa.g
ov/~code452/
• Primarily government
LEO
• “Small” (8 to 11 meter)
dishes
GN Locations
McMurdo Tracking Station
NASA Deep Space Network
• http://deepspace.jpl.na
sa.gov/dsn/
• At least four Large (26
to 70 meter) dishes
• Spaced equally around
the Earth
• Primarily interplanetary
DSN Locations
NASA Space Network- TDRSS
• 26 “multiple access” users
at 100b/s to 50kb/s
• 2 “single access” at up to
300 mb/s
• “Bent pipe”
• Doppler tracking
• S, Ku, and C band
• White Sands, NM and
Guam
STK images courtesy of AGI
TDRSS
Space to Space Links
• ESA experimenting with optical satellite
links
• Iridium
• IRAS & GAIN
Military Support
• Primarily tracking
– ICBM warning
– Orbit elements
• Some telemetry
monitoring
Commercial Support
• Consolidated Space Operations Contract
(CSOC)- http://www.csoconline.com/
• DataLynx- http://www.honeywelltsi.com/DataLynx/
• Universal Space Networkhttp://www.uspacenetwork.com/
Universal Space Network
Commercial Constellations
•
•
•
•
•
OrbComm
GlobalStar
Iridium
ARGOS
INMARSAT
Communications Protocols
•
•
•
•
TDM custom packets
CCSDS- www.ccsds.org
IP- ipinspace.gsfc.nasa.gov
“none” for bent-pipe applications
The Amateur Radio Space
Program
Orbiting Satellite Carrying
Amateur Radio
• 1961
• 50+ launches
• AMSATs in 27
countries
Amateur Radio on Human
Spaceflight Missions
Since 1983, organizations in the U.S. (SAREX), Germany (SAFEX) and Russia
(MIREX), have worked with the space agencies to fly Amateur Radio and to
support Educational Outreach on:
ISS
Space Shuttle
Mir
Ericsson
Power Adapter
Initial
Equipment: Phase
1
VHF & UHF
Modules
Packet
Adapter
Module
Module
Radios
Power Cable
Ericsson
Cables
RS-232 Cable
Headset Extension Antenna
Cable
Cable
Transceiver
Cable
Headset
Ham Radio Space Protocols
• AM, SSB, FM, PSK, direct sequence spread
spectrum
• AX-25
– Extended addressing
– Unnumbered Information (UI) packets
• Morse code, SSB & FM voice
• Various image transfer formats
Future Needs
• Higher frequencies
• Optical
• Relay capability
Get involved with space!
• IT Senior design team project
– Internet enabled “Mars rover”?
– Model rocket payload?
– Amateur radio balloon payload?
• NASA Summer Internship
• Local industry internship
• http://www.amsat.org/
References
CHIPS Science Web Page
chips.ssl.berkeley.edu
University Class Explorers Office
www.wff.nasa.gov/pages/code850.html
GSFC OMNI Project
Ipinspace.gsfc.nasa.gov
General
www.spaceflightsoftware.com/will/references.html