Transcript Network topology

Saudi Telecom Company
MISY 3312: Introduction to
Telecommunications
Instructor: Dr. Valentina Korzhova
Group members:
Sara Abu Al-Saud
Fatimah Al-Ismail
Zahraa Al-Faraj
Sumanh Al-Saihati
200700492
200700525
200700627
200700498
 Saudi Telecom Company (STC) is the leading national
provider of telecommunication services in the Kingdom of
Saudi Arabia.
 It was Incorporated in 1998.
STC is a Saudi Arabia- based telecommunications company
that offers landline, mobile and internet services.
The Saudi Telecommunication Group provides integrated
mobile, fixed and broadband communications services to over
142 million subscribers in 10 markets including Saudi Arabia.
A- Regarding business
 STC in previous year upgraded its system
customers which caused some technical problems
such as, losing some of the databases.
 Also, when they attempted to restore data for its
old customers , it caused some problems to their
participants, including changing the service account,
mobile phone and the separation of service for
mobile.
B- Regarding network: There are interferences in the line contact of the STC
network.
 They have many problems with broadband speed and
network is too slow.
 Sometimes the network does not reach certain areas,
even when all of the devices in a home can communicate
with each other, they may still fail to reach Web sites.
• There are different network classification that
each one vary in their connation methods like it
can be through:
 Optical fiber
Wireless LAN
Twisted wired
Optical fiber:
STC use it to transmit the data. For the
first time in the region, Saudi Telecom
launched a house fiber optic service
(FTTH) and provides the fastest
Internet speed up to 100MB per second
for its customers in the Kingdom.
Wireless (LAN):
• In general STC use the wireless technology for
different reasons:
To extends a distance beyond the capabilities
of typical cabling.
 To provide backup communications link in
case of failure of the regular network,
 To connect the workstations, portable or
temporary,
To overcome situations where normal cabling
is difficult or impractical in financial terms,
To remote connectivity for mobile users
or network
Twisted Pair:
Twisted pair is technology wired that use
copper wire that connects home computers
and many of the businesses to the telephone
company.
For example, STC have telephones in every
office so, the twisted pair is used for telephone
services and that made it widely available in
STC.
 There are various types of network that base on
physical scope like STC use such as
 Local area network (LAN)
 Home area network (HAN)
 Wide area network (WAN)
 Enterprise private network (EPN)
 Virtual private network (VPN)
 Local area network (LAN)
 A local area network (LAN) is a network that
connects computers and devices in a limited
geographical area such as home, school, computer
laboratory, office building.
 STC use these devices to transmit data between
different departments in fast percentage.
Home area network (HAN)
 A home area network is a residential LAN which is used for
communication between digital devices typically deployed in the
home, usually a small number of personal computers and
accessories, such as printers and mobile computing devices.
 STC provide an important function is sharing of Internet
access, like they often use a broadband service provisioned by
fiber-to-the-home or via Cable Internet access, Digital Subscriber
Line (DSL) or mobile broadband by Internet service providers
(ISPs).
 Virtual Private Network (VPN)
There are three kinds of Virtual Private Network in STC
Company:
1- Managed Virtual Private Network (VPN).
2- Mobile Internet Protocol-Virtual Private Network (IP-VPN).
3- MPLS IP-VP.
The service benefits of the VPN are high availability, high
controllability and high security.
The kinds of VPN
Service Overview
VPN
Provides secure communication over the Internet
between the customer's hosted equipment at STC’s
data center and the customer’s remote sites.
IP- VPN
Allows your company to replacement information
and data between all its branches over the GSM
network
Provides end-to-end connectivity and allows
intranet, extranet and remote access capabilities.
MPLS- IP- VP
Also, provides national and international MPLS
network connectivity for clients in KSA and foreign
countries.
Network architecture:
Network architecture refers to the structural and logical layout of
the network which is includes transmission equipment, software
and communication protocols and infrastructure (both wired or
wireless) transmission of data and connectivity between
components.
Network architectures are classified into three broad
categories:
Active networking.
Client–server.
Peer-to-peer.
Active networking:
 Active networking refers to the communication pattern that
allows packets flowing through a telecommunications network
in order to modify the operation of the network in effective
way.
 The nodes are programmed to achieve custom operations on
the message that pass through the node.
The active network is expected to be important especially in
mobile users’ network.
Client–server:
The client-server model refers to a popular model for
computer network that acts as distributed application which
divided tasks or workloads between the service or recourse
provider (which is called servers), and the service
requesters (which is called clients).
The file server on a client-server network has high
capacity and high-speed computers with a large hard disk
capacity.
STC use client-server architecture in order to manage
their different network applications.
Peer -to- peer:
Peer-to-peer (P2P) refers to a type of computer networks in which each
computer in the network has the ability to act as a server or a client for the
other computers in the same network, allowing the users to access to the
shared files without the need for a central server.
P2P networks can be used in a business, homes or over the Internet.
P2P network is widely used in shared files programs and also can be used
for sharing content such as audio, video, data or anything in digital format.
STC use this type of network because it allows the employee to access
and share the information that they need related to customers or services by
easy way.
Network topology:
Network topology refers to the layout model of
interconnections of the different elements (such as; links
and nodes) of a computer or biological network.
The basic network topologies :
Bus Network
Star Network.
Ring Network.
Mesh network.
Star network:
It is one of the most common used of the computer network
topologies.
It refers to the network that consists of one central switch, hub or
computer, which all acts as a channel to transmit messages.
It reduces the chance of network failure by connecting all of the
systems to a central node. For this reason, STC use it on the
most of their departments.
They use this type of topology because it is provide better
performance for the users than the bus topology.
Computer hardware refers to the physical part of the
computer; including the devices that are build the block of the
computer and the digital circuits inside the computer.
Examples of computer hardware:
Network interface cards.
Repeaters.
Hubs.
Bridges.
Switches.
Routers.
Network interface cards.
it is refers to a device that allows computer to
connect to the network or to be joined with the other
computers in local area network, and it is installed in
an available slot inside the computer.
LANs are still building with a network interface card
in each networked computer.
STC use NICs in order to connect LANs located in
different areas of Saudi Arabia cities together to create
wide area network.
Also, they use it to share files, printers and other
recourses between their employees by connecting
computers that use the same LAN.
Router:
 Router is the device that connects one or more
computers to other computers, networked devices,
or even other networks.
STC used the routers to connect their
computers and networks for two main reasons:
The first reason is the router makes sure that
information doesn't go where it's not needed.
 This is very important for keeping large
volumes of data from clogging the network.
The other reason is the router ensures that
information does make it to the intended
destination.
The Firewall:
- A firewall
is a device or software application which
serves as a flexible barrier between the computers on
your internal network and the outside world.
- A firewall provides an excellent means for protecting
your network and the machines connected to it.
 How the firewall work in STC:
The telecom firewall works together with data
firewalls to establish a cost effective front line
defense against the numerous threats against
corporate data and voice security. The telecom
firewall an part and parcel of the security
applications.
The Encryption:
The STC company have encryption security. It's create
an encrypted folder that is password-protected so
documents get encrypted as soon as they are saved to
the folder. All files are encrypted using DES encryption
which is selected by the user with their own personal
encryption code which is only known by the user of the
system.
This report introduced the history of network in Saudi Telecomm
Company and the purpose of it
 It discussed the problem of statement regarding business and
network.
 It classified networks connection methods, which are: optical
fiber,. wireless LAN, and twisted wired.
 It also presented the types of networks based on physical scope
such as LAN.
 In addition, the report discussed the basic hardware components
have network interface such as hubs and bridges.
 Finally, there are network security which are firewalls, and
encryption
STC have to do some step to enhance their protection
throughout:
•Enhanced wireless router configuration setting that mean
Additional protections can be applied to the wireless
network to limit access.
•Enable Data Execution Prevention (DEP) for all
Programs that mean by default, DEP is only enabled for
essential Windows programs and services.