Transcript IP STRATEGIES AND IDN ISSUES - ITU

International Telecommunication Union
Arab Regional Workshop on
“IP STRATEGIES AND IDN ISSUES”
Damascus-Syria, 16-18 May 2006
“Optimal Integration of IP-based
Technologies and Internet Access”
Désiré KARYABWITE
IP Coordinator,
E-Strategies Unit,
Email: [email protected]
Tel: +41 22 730 5009 Fax: +41 22 730 5484
The views expressed in this paper are those of the author and may not necessarily reflect the opinions of the
ITU or its membership..
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Table of Contents
1. Introduction: E-Strategies
2. Challenges of Change: IP Telephony,
Broadband and Interconnections, the high
way for Telecom operators
3. Strategy for a smooth migration from
circuit-switched networks to packetswitched networks
4. Conclusion
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1. INTRODUCTION
E-Strategies (WTDC 2002 Istanbul)
World Telecommunication
Development Conference
7 to 15 March 2006 (Doha, Qatar)
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Strategy and Priorities
•Providing assistance in technical and policy aspects
of Internet Protocol (IP).
•Assisting in technical and policy aspects of e-applications and
e-services (e-Government, e-Education, e-Health, eAgriculture, e-Commerce etc.)
•Enhancing security and trust in the use of public networks.
•Implementing projects on MCTs and multipurpose platforms
(MPPs) .
•Enhancing ICT literacy and building awareness on the
potentials of ICTs.
•Promoting the establishment of a favourable legal
environment for ICTs.
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Resolution 50 (Doha, 2006)
Optimal integration of information and communication technologies
The World Telecommunication Development Conference (Doha, 2006),
considering
a)
the role of ITU, in particular the specific functions of the ITU Telecommunication Development Sector (ITU-D);
b)
the disparity between those who have and those who do not have access to information and communications technologies (ICT),
referred to as the "digital divide";
c)
the many stakeholders in the public, private, academic, non-governmental organization and multilateral sectors who are seeking to
bridge this divide;
d)
the outputs of Phases 1 and 2 of the World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS),
bearing in mind
a)
that this difference in access to ICTs leads to an extreme escalation of social disparities, with negative impacts on the social and
economic environment in the various regions excluded from use of ICTs;
b)
the interest shown by WSIS in ICT integration,
recognizing
a)
ITU's role as a catalyst, and in particular that of ITU-D as coordinator and promoter of the rational use of resources in the context
of the various projects intended to narrow the digital divide;
b)
that the integration models supported by the ITU Member States are an element that integrates, facilitates and does not exclude,
one which takes into account the individual characteristics of all existing projects, respecting their autonomy and independence;
c)
that the integration models propose ways to increase the profitability of existing infrastructure, to lower the cost of developing
and implementing ICT projects and platforms, to provide for the sharing of expertise and skills, and to foster intraregional and
extraregional technology transfers,
Resolves
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that the Telecommunication Development Bureau (BDT) adopt all necessary
measures to implement regional projects derived from the non-exclusive integration
models which it has acquired, to link all stakeholders, organizations and institutions of
the various sectors in an ongoing relationship of cooperation in which information is
disseminated over networks, so as to narrow the digital divide in line with the outputs of
Phases 1 and 2 of WSIS;
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that BDT use the funds at its disposal to attain that objective;
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that BDT play a central role in this initiative;
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that relevant testing be conducted in each of the six regions.
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Technology and application interaction
Multichannel
Broadcast TV
Audio/Video
Streaming
Fiber, PLC
DSL, Cable,
PLC
V.90
V.34
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WWW MP3
E-mail, Chat, SMS
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Bandwidth
Bandwidth required
per streaming application
Application
usage
20Mbps
More applications
per household
(audio streaming,
video streaming, …)
Compression
techniques
MPEG2
5Mbps
Bandwidth requirements
per household
2Mbps
MPEG4
1Mbps
1992
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1996
2000
2002
time
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Internet user profiles
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2. Challenges of Change: IP Telephony,
Broadband and Interconnections, the high
way for Telecom operators
2.1 Interconnections are Key issues
Direct connection
Cloud
ISP 1
Cloud
ISP 2
IX
ISP 4
Interconnecting via third party operated
Internet Exchange Point
ISP 3
Economy of scale advantages through interconnection over an IX:
- cost for maintenance and administration
- cost for equipment
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Two different types of interconnections; peering and transit.
Peering:
is an interconnection business
relationship whereby ISPs provide
connectivity to each others´customers
Transit:
From an ASP (Access Service Provider)
to ISPs. The Internet business in most
Countries is mainly based on transit
bandwidth...
It is the business relationship whereby
one ISP provides (usually sells)
access to all destinations in its routing
table.
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ISPs : From Transit to Peering in order to improve
and optimize the network efficiency/quality
Transit Provider / Access Service Provider
Transit = $$$, ~3 s
Transit = $$$, ~3 s
ISP 1
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ISP 2
Peering = $, ~3 ms
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2.2 The growth of VoIP
• At the start of 2004, there were more than
102 million broadband subscribers in about
100 countries where broadband services were
available.
•Republic of Korea was the leading economy
at the start of 2004, with 23.3 broadband
subscribers for every 100 inhabitants.
•In terms of absolute number of subscribers,
the United States was the largest single
broadband market at the start of 2004, with
over 25 million subscribers.
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•China added 11 million new broadband users in
2003 to reach 13.5 million, and at current rates of
growth, it was expected to overtake the United
States by year-end 2004 as the economy with the
most broadband users.
(China had already overtaken the United States in terms of fixed lines in 2002 and mobile
phones in 2001).
•Vonage and Skype are some of the companies that
are active in the VoB market. Vonage markets a flatrate calling plan (unlimited calls in North America for
USD 24.99) per month and international virtual
numbers which allow for international calls to and
from the United States at local call rates.
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Skype in partnership with Colt, Level 3, Teleglobe or iBasis
SkypeOut network. PC to phone in 22 countries in Europe, Asia, in America
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IP Telephony:
Who can do what,
where?
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2.3 Changing business models
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http://www.skype.com/
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http://www.internetcalls.com/en/index.html
Andorra
Georgia
Norway
Argentina
Germany
Panama
100% Free, no call
setup! Click here for more
info. For all
Australia
Gibraltar
Poland
other
rates,
click
here
Austria
Hong Kong
Puerto Rico
Belgium
Iceland
Russian Federation
Bulgaria
Ireland
Singapore
Canada
Italy
Slovenia
Chile
Japan
South Korea
China
Latvia
Spain
Colombia
Liechtenstein
Sweden
Croatia
Luxembourg
Switzerland
Cyprus
Malaysia
Taiwan
Denmark
Monaco
Turkey
Estonia
Mongolia
United Kingdom
Finland
Netherlands
United States
France
New Zealand
Venezuela
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http://www.voipbuster.com/en/index.html
Andorra
Georgia
New Zealand
100% Free*,
no call setup!Norway
Max 20hrs per month of free calls. Click here for more info. For all other rates, click here
Australia
Greece
Austria
Hong Kong
Panama
Belgium
Iceland
Peru
Bulgaria
Ireland
Portugal
Canada
Italy
Puerto Rico
Chile
Japan
Singapore
Colombia Latvia
Slovenia
Croatia
Liechtenstein South Korea
Cyprus
Luxembourg
Spain
Denmark Malaysia
Switzerland
Estonia
Monaco
Taiwan
Finland
Mongolia
Thailand
France
Netherlands
Venezuela
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IP Telephony: ITU-T H.323 deployment scenarios
•The Gateways (GW) provide many services, the most common being a translation function
between H.323 conferencing endpoints and other terminal types.
•A Gatekeeper (GK) is the most important component of an H.323-enabled network. It acts as the
central point for all calls within its zone and provides call control services to registered
endpoints.
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•Multipoint Control Unit (MCU) supports conferences between three or more endpoints
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•Output to VoIP via E1 digital
trunk from PSTN lines
•Conversion from standard analog
subscribers to E1
•Fixed-to-mobile conversion
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•Connecting old PBX to digital
trunks
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2.4 Security issues in Multimedia and VoIP
Security threats in Multimedia communications
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• User and terminal authentication
• Server authentication
• User/terminal and server authentication countersecurity threats, such as masquerade, man-inthemiddle, IP address spoofing and connection
hijacking.
• Call authorization is the decision-making process
• Signalling security protection addresses protection
• Voice confidentiality is realized through encryption
of the voice packets
• Key management
• Interdomain security deals with the problem that
systems in heterogeneous environments have
implemented different security features because
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ITU-T Recommendation H.530 covers such
security needs by addressing security aspects
as:
•– Mobile terminal/user authentication and
authorization in foreign visited domains.
•– Authentication of visited domain.
•– Secure key management.
•– Protection of signalling data between a
mobile terminal and visited domain.
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In addition to H.235, H.350 and H.350.2
provide for scalable key management
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3. Strategy for a smooth migration from circuit-switched
networks to packet-switched networks
3.1 IP-based Network development
IP Network Covering the full territory of the country
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3.2 Next Generation Networks
NGN
Structure of the Focus Group on Next Generation
Networks (FGNGN)
Working Group
Area
WG 1
SR (Service Requirements) Group
WG 2
FAM (Functional Architecture and Mobility) Group
WG 3
QoS (Quality of Service) Group
WG 4
CSC (Control and Signalling Capability) Group
WG 5
SeC (Security Capability) Group
WG 6
Evo (Evolution) Group
WG 7
FPBN (Future Packet-based Bearer Networks) Group
http://www.itu.int/ITU-T/ngn/fgngn/structure.html
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3.3 Convergence Aspects
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Business Strategies : “Triple Play”
-VoIP
-Video
-Data
(EoIP for Everything on IP)
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Italian Case Study: “FastWeb”
-2000, proposed “Triple Play” Solution (VoIP,Internet and Video)
-Main cities: Milano, Roma, Gênes , Torino, Naples,
Bologna, Rimini, Modène).
- ADSL (Down Stream 4 Mb/s and 512 kbits/s
upStream) for « triple play ».
-FastWeb belongs to e.Biscom(italian Compagny)
-Investement 1,9 billion Euros (2000-2003)
-PPP Investors (Milan city, Power compagnies AEMAzienda Energia Milano).
-Infrastructure belongs to Metroweb (a joint-venture
e.Biscom/AEM).
- FastWeb is responsible for Business Management
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•330’000 subscribers (2003)
•131’500 Subscribers in (2002).
•1’000 subscribers every day (70 % for Triple Play
with no limitation for national Communication,
Video communication(10 Mbit/s, no time and
volume limitation)
•Price 110 euros/m (USD 145) + 95 euros for the
installation.
• For TV Option: Contracts with (RAI- italian
TV, Mediaset and La7). Access to BBC
World, Bloomberg, RAINews 24 ou RAISat
Sport and other sports. Access to VoD (Video
On Demand). 4 to 6 Euros/film
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• VoIP calls: 3,5 millions on FastWeb’s
Network
• 20 % of the subscribers use the
videocommunication (represents
34 % of the total Traffic)
•The Revenue Average is 790 euros/year +
130 euros (VoD) / Sub.
•Technologies Partners include : Cisco
System, Pirelli, Telsey (gateways
and terminals), Alcatel, Marconi
and NetCentrex ( for VoIP and
videocom)
• National Strategy for the moment
•Positive cash flow expected in 2005
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3.4 Key strategic issues to be analyzed
Legal interception
Some regulatory agencies fear that voice over
broadband services may open the way to ill-intended
users to hide behind anonymity to conduct illegal
activities (for example, drug dealing or terrorism). If
the service is non-licensed, then it may be difficult
for legal authorities to trace, or monitor, suspicious
calls.
Taxation Model
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It may be inefficient to tax only licensed operators,
because this will encourage those licensed
operators to shift more of their traffic onto untaxed
VoIP platforms/Triple Play.
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Interconnection payments
The completion of a long-distance or
international call typically requires the
cooperation of two or more PTOs, at the
origin and destination of the call and for
transit. The PTO handling call termination
and transit may require interconnection
payments from the originator of the call.
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Policy and Administration of IXP
The decision to be made is on having Bi-lateral or
Multi-lateral peering agreements to rule over the traffic
exchange over the IX:
1. Multi-lateral peering agreement implies that all
connected ISPs must peer with all other ISPs
connected to the IX, on the same conditions.
2. Bi-lateral leaves it to the ISP to decide with whom
to peer and on what conditions, but they must
have peering agreements with at least two if they
want to use the IX.
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Documents
Procedures
 Policy of IXP
 Joining
 Connection agreement
 Termination
 Service definition
 Payment of fees
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Access technologies and QoS
Open standard : DVB-RCS (Digital Video Broadcast - Return
Channel System) (up to 8 Mbps downstream and up to 2 Mbps
upstream or ….).
Class 1 (0 to 150 ms for really time com) Tel. Com
Class 2 (150 to 300 ms) bi-directional not really time
Class 3 (300 to 700 ms) half-duplex
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Class 4 (> 700 ms) mil radio …
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Satellite Interconnections: DVB-OBP
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IP Connectivity and PLC
(Power Line Communication)
Transformer (MV/LV)
(10-30KV/ 0.4-0.110KV)
Transformer Station
(HV/MV)
(110-380/10-30KV)
Fiber
Backbone
Low Voltage Network
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Medium Voltage Cable
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Optical Cables over Power Line: Multistakeholders approach
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P h y sic a lr e p r e se n ta tio n
PI
ro u te r
V id e o
se rv e r
tenrA
I
B -IS D N
S w itc h
S w itc h
V id e o /d a ta /p h o n e se rv ic e s
D
HH
TF
V id e o
se rv e r
S w itc h
J H
TF
Phone
F ib re
E
TV
H
F
C
TF
odA
vei
F ib re
PC
HC
TF
d istrb u tio n
F ib re to th e h o m e
PI
or u et r
T e el c o m m u n ic a tio n s
n e tw o rk
F bi re
d istrb u tio n
V id e o
se rv e r
F ib re
F bi re
d istrb u tio n
J C
TF
D
C
TJF
Phone
E
TV
Co p p e r
F
PC
t iste d p a ir
w
o rc o a x
C
TJF
F ib re to th e c u rb
Fibre access scenario
F ib er to th e b u ild in g
A p a tm
r e n bt u ild in g
D
Phone
E
TV
F
PC
F ib re
DP h o n e
ETV
FPC
DP h o n e
Co p p e r
tw iste d p a ir
o rc o a x
ETV
J C
TF
FPC
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89-02513T
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4. Conclusion
Data traffic is growing more (10 times) compared to
the voice traffic and as a consequence, the past
concept of telephone networks, which also carry data
might be replaced by the concept of data networks
that also carry voice.
In this regard, seam-less interworking between IPbased networks and PSTN and the interoperability of
their respective applications or services is essential in
meeting the business requirements placed on modern
communication networks.
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Best practices for DNS and IP addresses
Management
Governing Law and Dispute Resolution
Clear responsibilities IXP/ Member
Responsibilites
Clear Membership policy and Connection
to IXP
Fees
Clear Corporate Strategies
Clear Business Strategies
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Thank you for your Attention
For more details: www.itu.int/itu-d
Désiré KARYABWITE
IP Coordinator,
E-Strategy Unit,
Email: [email protected]
Tel: +41 22 730 5009 Fax: +41 22 730 5484
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