Transcript Need for Nourishment

Today’s Objectives
• Define a digestive system and what it does
• Identify parts of the digestive system and their
functions
• Difference between a Ruminant vs. Non-Ruminant
vs. Hind-gut Fermenter
• Identify the difference in digestive systems
between Ruminant vs. Non-Ruminant vs. Hindgut Fermenter
• Identify parts of the digestive system in a
Ruminant vs. Non-Ruminant
Digestive System-What is it?
• Consists of parts of the body involved in
chewing and digesting food
• Moves the digested feed through the
animal’s body and absorbs the products of
digestion
Parts of the digestive System
• Mouth-where the food enters the animals
body
• Esophagus-tube like passage from the
mouth to the stomach
• Stomach-receives the feed and adds
chemicals that help in the digestive process
Parts of the digestive system
• Small Intestine- small tube that splits food
molecules and absorbs nutrients
• Large Intestine-larger in diameter and ends
with the rectum
• Rectum-end of GI tract, place where feces
exits body
Digestive System
Ruminant vs. Non-Ruminant
vs. Hind-gut Fermenter
Digestion in Ruminants
•
What is a Ruminant?
• Animals with more then one stomach
• Chew their cud
• Cows have 4 Compartment stomachs
–
–
–
–
Reticulum
Rumen
Omasum
Abomasum
Cattle Digestive System
Reticulum
• Honeycomb lining
• Collects hardware (nails, wires, etc.)
• Stores, sorts, and moves feed back to the
esophagus for regurgitation
Rumen
•
•
•
•
Papillae lining
Functions as a storage vat
Food is soaked, mixed, and fermented
Some breakdown of feed through microbial
action
• Absorption of some nutrients
Omasum
•
•
•
•
•
AKA: Many plies
Laminae lining (many folds)
Reduces particle size
Grinds Roughage
Absorption of water
Abomasum
• Only “true” stomach
• Feed is mixed with gastric juices
• Decrease pH from 6 to 2.5
– Denatures protein
– Kills bacteria and Pathogens
– Dissolves minerals
Digestion in Non-Ruminants
Swine Digestive System
Non-Ruminants
• Monogastric System
• Has only one compartment to the stomach
• Process goes through the
–
–
–
–
Esophagus
Stomach
Small intestine- duodenum, jejunum, ileum
Large intestine: cecum (appendix in humans),
colon, rectum
Hind-gut Fermenter
• Enlarged Cecum
– Acts as a rumen in ruminants
– Not as efficient as rumen
– Roughage feeds are digested by bacterial action
• Animal eats less, but more often than
ruminants
• Animal is able to utilize roughages unlike
non-ruminants
•
How digestion works
• Feed passes from mouth to esophagus then
to stomach
• Partly digested food leaves stomach enters
into small intestine
– Splitting of foods molecules and absorption of
nutrients
– Stomach empties contents into small intestine
known as the duodenum-jejunum-ileum
How digestion works
• Small intestine to Large intestine
– Colon prevents material in large intestine from
moving back to small intestine
• Cecum-(blind gut) does little for most
animals except horses-roughage feeds
digested by bacterial action
How Digestion Works
• Large Intestine-absorbs water and
nutrients that is not absorbed by the small
intestine
– Material that is not digested and absorbed in
small intestine passes to large intestine
– Adds mucus to enable the material to pass
through easily
– Empties into the rectum
In Conclusion
• Ruminants and Non-Ruminants have
different digestive systems
• Why is the digestive system important?
• How many stomachs does a Ruminant
have? Non-Ruminant?
• What makes a Horse different then other
animals?
• Category