Transcript D2-01_08

CIGRE SC D2 Colloquium
November 2013
Mysore - KARNATAKA – INDIA
D2-01_08
Approaches to Smart Grid Communications
Networks in Japanese Electric Power Companies
Naomasa Takahashi
Kyushu Electric Power Co., Inc.
Japan
[email protected]
Kenichi Takahashi
Hokuriku Electric Power Co.
Japan
Yoshifumi Tada
Juniper Networks, K.K.
Japan
Kazutaka Shimoosako
Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd.
Japan
Background and Purpose
p1
 Undertakings aimed at achieving the early introduction of smart
meters
=> Realization of functions such as automatic meter reading and
demand response
 Combination of multiple field area network communications systems
depending on the area
- From the standpoint of elements such as area characteristics,
the economic aspect and construction speed
 Examples of the undertakings by Japanese electric power companies
- Verification testing using the multihop wireless system
- Example of introduction of smart meters using the power line
communication system
Multihop Wireless System
p2
Overview (Hokuriku Electric Power Company)
 Verification testing using 900 MHz-band specified low power radio
 Verification items are…
- Stability of the automatic meter reading system
- Effects on data transmission of obstacles
such as accumulations of snow typical in the Hokuriku area
Verification Testing System
Configuration New
Verification Testing Overview
Item
Testing
Details
Test Period
Test Area
Geographical
Features
Number of
installed
meters
Specification
Verification of the success
rates
・Remote Meter Reading
・Remote Control
Office
Pole-mounted Base
Station
Verification
Server
Communications
Network
Meter
Fiberoptic
Line
December 2011 to March 2013
780m x 380m
Urban neighborhoods
(Mixture of detached houses
and apartment buildings)
500
Control
Terminal
Communication Unit
Multihop Wireless System
p3
Results
 High success rates were verified during the test period.
Remote meter reading: 99.926%
Remote control: 98.212%
 Practically acceptable levels of performance by recovery processing
such as re-acquisition of data in the event of failures
 No impact on the success rates caused by weather phenomena
such as snowfall or lightning
Success Rates of Remote Meter Reading and Remote Control
Evaluation Items
Remote
Meter
Reading
Remote
Control
Total number of remote meter readings
（Total number of missing readings）
Success rate
Total number of remote controls
（Total number of failures）
Success rate
Test Results
6.06 million
（4,474）
99.926%
100 thousand
（1,786）
98.212%
Power Line Communication System
Example of Introduction (Kyushu Electric Power Company)
 Trial introduction of smart meters in 2010.
- More than 40,000 households (in apartment buildings in urban areas).
*This system is applied in locations that radio waves cannot reach,
such as pipe shafts in which smart meters are installed in large-scale
apartment buildings.
Example of Remote Meter Reading System Configuration
Fiberoptic Line
Office
Communications
Network
Automatic Meter
Reading Server
Apartment Building, etc.
Power Line
PLC Repeater
Smart Meters
p4
Power Line Communication System
p5
Evaluation
 Increases in the number of smart meters deployed have presented
the risk of degraded network quality.
[ Problems ]
• Limits on the number of units imposed by the Ethernet standard
• Broadcast frame
• Expansion of the range of effects of failures
 Layer 2 network => Layer 3 network (the PPPoE method) in 2012
=> The above problems were resolved.
=> Stable network operation
( “closed” network with “stability and “expandability.” )
Layer 3 Network using the PPPoE Method
PPPoE Section
*PPPoE: Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet
*BAS: Broadband Access Server
Pole-mounted BOX
Automatic
Meter
Reading
Server
Optical
Network
Unit
BAS
Communication
s Network
Optical
Network
Unit
Layer 3 (IP) Network Section
Router
PLC
Repeater
PLC Section
Smart Meter
Proposal of Operation and Management
Method for Field Area Networks
p6
Concerns regarding Management of Wireless Base Stations
 Increasing complexity of operation and management
(As the deployment of smart meters expands, the number of wireless
base stations installed will grow.)
[ Items that need to be optimized ]
 Asset and configuration management
 Authentication
=> “Wireless controller ”
 Health check
System Configurations
System Configuration without
Wireless Controller
Authentication
Authentication
Server,
(AD, LDAP, etc.)
Server,
(AD, LDAP, etc.)
System Configuration with
Wireless Controller
Wireless
Controller
Operator
Authentication
Authentication
Operation
&
Management
A
A
A
Operation,
Management &
Authentication
A
SM
SM
Operation Operator
&
Management
SM
SM
SM
SM
SM
SM
SM
SM
SM Smart Meter
A Wireless Access Point
Proposal of Operation and Management
Method for Field Area Networks
Beneficial Effects of Introduction
 Asset and Configuration Management
No need to change to individual devices separately
- Functions that enable batch updating of software of wireless slave
devices and batch changing of their configurations
=> Major reductions in work time
 Authentication
Batch inquiries made to the authentication server, and centralized
management of authentication statuses and unauthorized accesses
=> Elimination of complexity in operation and management
 Health Check
Centralized management of the wireless communication quality and
soundness of devices, and constant monitoring that enables immediate
detection of abnormalities
=> Improvements in overall wireless system quality
p7
Conclusion
p8
 This presentation has introduced undertakings relating to field
area networks as approaches to smart grid communications
networks in Japan.
[Multihop Wireless System]
Verification testing using the automatic meter reading system was
conducted and the results demonstrated that performance was of
practically acceptable level.
[Power Line Communication System]
Smart meters using this system have already been deployed in
more than 40,000 households. Measures enable stable and
expandable network construction and operation.
 A wireless controller that enables efficient operation of
the multihop wireless system has been proposed.
p9
Thank you !
Next:
Answers to the Special Report Questions
Special Report Q1.33
Q1.33
How does the test results can be scaled down as a reference to the other pilots?
Are there any efforts on standardizing such cases?
- This verification testing was performed under severe winter conditions
with heavy snow, for example.
Therefore, the test period can be reduced to a year (one cycle) or less in
areas where climate changes are minor.
- In addition, the number of meters can be reduced according to the
purpose of the verification testing.
- The main purpose of the verification testing of the multihop system was
to carry out assessment of stability on a scale of about 500 meters.
- Because this testing was performed under environmental conditions
typical in the Hokuriku area, it will be necessary to acquire a great deal
of knowledge and carry out verification from diverse perspectives in
order to achieve standardization.
p10
Special Report Q1.34
Q1.34
Please explain the factors considered for defining the success rate of
implementing both multihop wireless and PLC systems?
<Definition of the success rates>
- Remote meter reading: Rate at which the automatic meter reading
system can successfully collect meter readings transmitted by each
meter every 30 minutes
- Remote Control: Rate at which the automatic meter reading system can
successfully receive response data from meters when it sends data
requests to the meters
<Example of target performance values>
- Success rates for remote meter reading: 90 percent or more within 30
minutes and 99.95 percent or more within 48 hours
- Failure rates for remote control : One percent or less probability of two
consecutive failures
p11
p12
Thank you again !
Kyushu Electric Power Co., Inc.
[email protected]
Juniper Networks, K.K.
[email protected]