Transcript 4G Networks
Aditya Kowtha 0G : First signs of Wireless Telephony Technology in play 1G : Almost all systems of this generation were analog systems with voice being the most common traffic (AMPS) 2G : Successor of 1G. Digital Cell Technology which makes use of Time Division Multiple Access (GSM) 3G : Wide Area Cellular Telephone networks which evolved to incorporate high-speed internet access and video telephony (CDMA 2000) It provides for transmission speeds up to 384 kbps and download speeds up to 144kbps 3G has greater capacity and better spectrum efficiency than 2G networks The popular 3G standards are CDMA 2000 and WCDMA The global 3G subscriber base accounts for only 6.7% of the overall customer base UMTS is a very popular 3G standard and is capable of operating at 2.1Ghz Cost involved in upgrading the base stations to be compatible with 3G is very high Base stations need to be close to each other Very high spectrum licensing costs and tremendous network deployment costs 3G cannot support Bluetooth Based WAN networks due to bandwidth restrictions 3G performance may not be sufficient to meet needs of future high-performance applications like multi-media, fullmotion video, wireless teleconferencing There are multiple standards for 3G making it difficult to roam and interoperate across networks. Global mobility and service portability are of utmost importance Need for a digital packet network that utilizes IP in its fullest form with converged voice and data capability Researchers have come up with spectrally more efficient modulation schemes that can not be retrofitted into 3G infrastructure 3G is based on primarily a Wide-area concept. We need hybrid networks that utilize both wireless LAN (hot spot) concept and cell or base-station wide area network design Increased need for Wider Bandwidth A 4G system will be able to provide a comprehensive IP solution where voice, data and streamed multimedia can be given to users on an "Anytime, Anywhere" basis, and at higher data rates than previous generations 4G is being developed to accommodate QoS and bandwidth requirements set by forthcoming applications like wireless broadband access, MMS, Mobile TV,HDTV content etc Ideally, 4G aims at providing a lowest bandwidth of 100 Mbps and can go up to 1 Gbps An “All IP” Digital Packet Switched Network High network capacity allowing more users per cell Smooth handoffs across heterogeneous networks Interoperability between existing wireless standards Seamless connectivity and Global roaming across multiple networks A data rate of at least 100 Mbps between any two points in the world Uses IPv6 addresses Exceeds the coverage range of 3G networks by ten times Enables full interactive video services Feature 3G and 2.5G Networks 4G Networks Driving Architecture Predominantly voice driven Converged Data and Voice over IP Network Architecture Wide Area-Cell Based Hybrid-Integration of Wireless LAN (Wi-Fi, Bluetooth) and WAN Speeds 384kbps to 2Mbps 20Mbps to 100 Mbps Bandwidth 5 to 20 MHz 100 MHz Switching Design Basis Circuit and Packet Switched All digital packetized voice IP A number of air link protocols including IP 5.0 All IP (IP 6.0) Access Schemes: 4G Networks use OFDMA access schemes IPv6: 4G will be based on packet switching only. This will require low-latency data transmission Advanced Antenna Systems Software Defined Radio (SDR): The goal of this design is to produce a radio that can receive and transmit a new form of radio protocol just by running new software. How to achieve the ALL IP functionality?? How to achieve mobility and smooth handoffs?? How to achieve Quality of Service?? Goal: Reliable Support for End-to-End IP QoS Challenges and Requirements: Allocate and Control resources in the access networks Maintain User Connectivity and QoS while user is on the move Make security, mobility and QoS work together Sprint Nextel announces Wi-Max as the next 4G Technology Platform in collaboration with Intel, Samsung and Motorola A nationwide broadband wireless network servicing 100 million customers will be ready by 2008 The 4G Mobility Network will be using Sprint’s exclusive 2.5GHz channel to deliver high quality services to customers Verizon is also actively moving towards deployment of 4G Mobile Networks Integration among different Network Topologies Non disruptive Implementation and Migration Standardization of Wireless Networks More coordination among Spectrum Regulators Lower Price points slightly higher than the available alternatives Too many current 3G standards delay migration to 4G networks 4G networks are not backward compatible Require advanced handsets with faster processors to handle advanced voice and video services A lot of handover problems exist with current 3G and 2G networks Although 4G Networks offer a lot of promise, there is a long way to go before we can experience their full potential. At this point of time, it is just an abstract potentially feasible idea which will take care of the shortcomings in the previous and current generations of Wireless Mobile Technology http://www.4g.co.uk/PR2006/2063.htm http://www.mobileinfo.com/3G/4GVision&Technologies.htm http://www.ee.usyd.edu.au/~rkibria/Research.htm http://mobilesociety.typepad.com/mobile_life/2006/12/the_ daidalus_pr.html http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=647153.716819 http://www.techrepublic.com http://www.wikipedia.com http://www.google.com NO QUESTIONS ALLOWED !!!!!!! DISCUSSIONS ARE WELCOME!!!!!!!