Transcript Telecommunication

Chapter 5
Telecommunication
and Networks
Telecommunication Principles and
Applications
 Communication
• The exchange of information between two
parties
 Telecommunication
• Communication at a distance
Chapter 5
Slide 2
Telecommunication Principles and
Applications
 Dimensions of Telecommunication
• Distance significantly affects options for
communication
• Organizational context establishes the
nature of the relationships between the
communicating parties
Chapter 5
Slide 3
Dimensions of Telecommunication
Dimension
Distance
Possible Values
Face-to-face
Building or campus
Metropolitan area
Wide area
Organizational Context
Organizational members only
Organizational members and partners
Public
Human/Computer
Context
Human/Human
Human/Computer (Input/Output)
Computer/Computer
Chapter 5
Slide 4
Telecommunication Principles and
Applications
 Telecommunication Process
• Sender initiates message communication
• Device puts sender’s message onto a
telecommunication medium
• Telecommunication medium transfers
message to receiver’s location
Chapter 5
Slide 5
Telecommunication Principles and
Applications
 Telecommunication Process
• Device takes message off the
communication medium
• Recipient receives the message
Chapter 5
Slide 6
Telecommunication Principles and
Applications
 Types of Business Applications
• Coordination of business activities
• Group decision making
• Electronic commerce
Chapter 5
Slide 7
Telecommunication Infrastructure
 Communication Carriers
• Telephone Carriers
Local Exchange Carriers (LECs)
Long Distance Carriers
• Cellular Services
• Cable Providers
• Value Added Networks (VANs)
Resells transmission capacity with additional
services
Chapter 5
Slide 8
Telecommunication Infrastructure
 International Issues
• Monopoly government providers in many
countries
• Decreasing regulation worldwide
• Cross-border data flow regulations
• Differences in privacy rules
Chapter 5
Slide 9
Telecommunication Technology
 Standards
• Characteristics of telecommunications
media, hardware, and software
 Open Systems Interconnection (OSI)
Model
• Provides a framework for thinking about
communication standards
Chapter 5
Slide 10
Telecommunication Technology
 The Computer/Medium Interface
• Modem
Converts digital computer output to signal
needed for transmission and vice versa
• Adaptor/NIC
Interface between computer and a network
Chapter 5
Slide 11
Telecommunication Technology
 Transmission Media
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Twisted pair wire
Coaxial cable
Fiber optic cable
Microwave signals
Infrared signals
Radio signals
Chapter 5
Slide 12
Telecommunication Technology
 Switching and Routing Technologies
• Devices
Hub
Switch
Router
Gateway
• Protocol
Standard for how a message is packaged,
secured, sent routed, received, and
acknowledged by the receiver within a network
Chapter 5
Slide 13
Telecommunication Technology
 LAN Protocols
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Ethernet
Token ring
Wi-Fi
Bluetooth
Chapter 5
Slide 14
Telecommunication Technology
Figure 5-9
Chapter 5
Slide 15
Telecommunication Technology
 WAN Services
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Leased lines
Switched circuit data services
Packet switched services
Cellular services
Chapter 5
Slide 16
Internet Concepts
 Who Manages The Internet?
• Companies, individuals, and governments
own pieces of the Internet, but the Internet
as a whole has no owners or operators
Chapter 5
Slide 17
Internet Concepts
 Network Addressing
• IP Number
Consists of two parts—a network number and
a device number
• Domain Name
Translated to IP number by Domain Name
Servers (DNSs)
Chapter 5
Slide 18
Network Management
 Simple Network Management
Protocol
• Defines how network devices maintain and
communicate information about their own
activity and performance
Chapter 5
Slide 19
Network Management
 Network Analyzer
• Plugs into a network and analyzes the
traffic that passes by or through it
Chapter 5
Slide 20
Network Management
Network Management Software
Device management
Recognizes the devices, including computers
and printers, that are connected to the network
Security services
Provide entry into the network and establish a
relationship between a user and a client station
Chapter 5
Slide 21
Network Management
 Network Management Software
• File services
Provide access to shared files
• Print services
Provide central access to a common printer
• Fax services
Allow network users to send or receive a
facsimile electronically
Chapter 5
Slide 22
Network Management
 Network Management Software
• Directory services
Provide an enterprise-wide telephone book that
identifies and connects network users to each
other and to software
Chapter 5
Slide 23
Ensuring
Telecommunication Security
 Key: A secret code that can scramble
or unscramble a message
 Public Key Cryptography
• Uses a pair of keys
Message scrambled by one key can only be
unscrambled by the other
Chapter 5
Slide 24
Ensuring
Telecommunication Security
Figure 5-9 Public Key Cryptography
Chapter 5
Slide 25
Ensuring
Telecommunication Security
 Public key cryptography ensures
• Security
• Non-repudiation
• Authentication
Requires certificate authority
• Non-repudiation
Via digital signature
• Integrity
Chapter 5
Slide 26
Ensuring
Telecommunication Security
 Firewall
• Hardware and/or software intended to
separate an organization’s intranet, and
the data on it, from its extranet and the
Internet
 Virtual Private Network (VPN)
• Simulates a private network by using a
public network, such as Internet, and
security protocols
Chapter 5
Slide 27
End of
Chapter 5
Telecommunication
and Networks