Transcript Network Services

Network Services
Lesson 6
Objectives
Skills/Concepts
Objective Domain
Description
Objective Domain
Number
Setting up common
networking services
Understanding network
services
3.5
Defining more network
services
Understanding network
services
3.5
Defining Name
Resolution Techniques
Understand Name
Resolution
3.4
DHCP
• Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is a client/server protocol that
enables configured client computers to obtain IP addresses automatically
• The IP information obtained might include the following:
• IP addresses
• Subnet masks
• Gateway addresses
• DNS server addresses
• Other advanced options
• The DHCP Server service provides the following benefits:
• Reliable IP address configuration
• Reduced network administration
DHCP Server
• Before a DHCP server can start leasing IP addresses to client computers, the
following steps must be performed:
1. Install the DHCP service
2. Configure an IP scope
3. Activate the scope
4. Authorize the server
5. Configure advanced IP options (optional)
DEMO: Install and view the DHCP Service (and console)
DORA
• DHCP sessions use a four-step process known as DORA.
• Discovery: The client sends a broadcast to the network to find a DHCP server
• Offer: The DHCP server sends a unicast “offering” of an IP address to the client
• Request: The client broadcasts to all servers that it has accepted the offer
• Acknowledge: The DHCP server sends a final unicast to the client that includes the
IP information the client will use
• DHCP utilizes ports 67 and 68
Hey, are there any DHCP
Servers here? (DHCPDiscover)
Yes, I am a DHCP Server, and here is
an IP Address for you (DHCPOffer)
Thanks, I like that IP and I will
take it (DHCPRequest)
Ok, it s yours. Pleasure doing
business with you (DHCPAck)
DEMO: Add a DHCP Scope
APIPA
• Automatic Private IP Addressing (APIPA) is a service for assigning
unique IP addresses on small office/home office (SOHO) networks
without deploying the DHCP service
• APIPA can get in the way of a client obtaining an IP address properly
(e.g., when a client attempts to obtain an IP address from a DHCP
server, but the DHCP server is too busy)
Disable APIPA
• APIPA is disabled using Registry Editor
1. Open Registry Editor
2. In Registry Editor, navigate to the
following registry key:
KEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentCo
ntrolSet\Services\Tcpip\Parameters
3. Create the following entry:
IPAutoconfigurationEnabled: REG_DWORD
4. Assign a value of 0 to disable Automatic
Private IP Addressing (APIPA) support.
5. Close Registry Editor.
DEMO: Disable APIPA
Remote Desktop Services
• Remote Desktop Services, formerly known as Terminal Services, is a type
of thin-client terminal server computing.
• RDS enables virtual desktop infrastructure (VDI), session-based desktops,
and applications, allowing users to work anywhere
• Thin-client computers and PCs can connect to servers running Remote
Desktop Services
Remote Desktop Services
Remote Desktop Connection (DEMO)
Computer Name
Computer Name
Routing and Remote Access Service
• Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) supports remote user or site-
to-site connectivity by using virtual private network (VPN) or dial-up
connections.
• RRAS consists of the following components:
• Remote Access. By using RRAS, you can deploy VPN connections to provide end users with remote access
to your organization's network. You can also create a site-to-site VPN connection between two servers at
different locations.
• Routing. RRAS is a software router and an open platform for routing and networking. It offers routing
services to businesses in local area network (LAN) and wide area network (WAN) environments or over the
Internet by using secure VPN connections. Routing is used for multiprotocol LAN-to-LAN, LAN-to-WAN,
VPN, and network address translation (NAT) routing services.
• Microsoft RRAS was formerly known as Remote Access Service (RAS)
Routing and Remote Access Service
Internet/ISP
DEMO: Install and view Routing and Remote Access
Internet Protocol Security (IPSec)
• Protocol within the TCP/IP suite that encrypts and authenticates IP packets
• Ensures private, secure communications over Internet Protocol (IP)
networks, through the use of cryptographic security services
• Designed to secure any application traffic because it resides on the
network layer (or Internet layer for the TCP/IP reference model)
• Used in conjunction with virtual private networks and is an integral part of
IPv6
• IPsec has been defined to work in two different modes:
• Tunnel mode is most often used for site-to-site VPN connections
• Transport mode is most often used for securing IP traffic on private networks
IPSec Protocol Types
Protocol
Requirement
Usage
Authentication
Header (AH)
The data and the header need to
be protected from modification
and authenticated, but remain
readable.
Use for data integrity in situations where data is not
secret but must be authenticated — for example, where
access is enforced by IPSec to trusted computers only, or
where network intrusion detection, QoS, or firewall
filtering requires traffic inspection.
Encapsulating
Security Payload
(ESP)
Only the data needs to be
protected by encryption so it is
unreadable, but the IP addressing
can be left unprotected
Use when data must be kept secret, such as file sharing,
database traffic, RADIUS protocol data, or internal Web
applications that have not been adequately secured by
SSL.
Both AH and
ESP
The header and data, respectively,
need to be protected while data is
encrypted.
Use for the highest security. However, there are very few
circumstances in which the packet must be so strongly
protected. When possible, use ESP alone instead.
DNS
• Domain Name System (DNS) is a worldwide service that resolves host
names to IP addresses
• DNS architecture is a hierarchical distributed database and an
associated set of protocols that define:
• A mechanism for querying and updating the database
• A mechanism for replicating the information in the database among servers
• A schema of the database
• DNS is part of the application layer of the TCP/IP reference model
• DNS servers use inbound port 53 to accept name resolution requests
WINS
• Windows Internet Name Service (WINS) is a service that resolves
NetBIOS names to IP addresses
• WINS is required for any environment in which users access resources
that have NetBIOS names
• It is Microsoft’s version of the NetBIOS Name Service (NBNS)
combined with a name server
• If you do not use WINS in such a network, you cannot connect to a
remote network resource by using its NetBIOS name unless you use
Lmhosts files, and you might be unable to establish file and print
sharing connections
• WINS and DNS are both name resolution services for TCP/IP
networks
Summary
• Be able to install and configure DHCP to hand out IP addresses to
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client computers.
You have learned the four-step DHCP process known as DORA.
Be able to install and configure Remote Desktop Services so that client
computers can connect remotely to a server.
Understand how to install and configure Routing and Remote Access
Service (RRAS) as a LAN router.
You have learned how to define IPsec and the various protocols that
can be used.
Understand how DNS and WINS function, how the services are
installed and configured and when WINS is needed on your network.
Additional Resources & Next Steps
Instructor-Led Courses
• 40033A: Windows Operating System and Windows
Books
Server Fundamentals: Training 2-Pack for MTA
Exams 98-349 and 98-365 (5 Days)
• 40349A: Windows Operating System Fundamentals:
MTA Exam 98-349 (3 Days)
• 40032A: Networking and Security Fundamentals:
Training 2-Pack for MTA Exams 98-366 and 98-367
(5 Days)
• 40366A: Networking Fundamentals: MTA Exam 98366
• Exam 98-366: MTA
Networking
Fundamentals (Microsoft
Official Academic
Course)
Remote Desktop Poster
• http://www.microsoft.com/en-
us/download/confirmation.aspx?id=32
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Exams &
Certifications
• Exam 98-366:
Networking
Fundamentals