Transcript Content

The XIA Future Internet Architecture
and its Testbed-based Evaluation
Aditya Akella, University of Wisconsin
Peter Steenkiste, Dave Andersen, David Eckhardt, Sara Kiesler,
Jon Peha, Adrian Perrig, Srini Seshan, Marvin Sirbu, Hui Zhang
Carnegie Mellon University
John Byers, Boston University
Bruce Maggs, Duke
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• What is XIA?
• Software prototype
• Usage scenarios, testbed/experiment plan
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Problems with the IP Narrow Waist
• Security – no support built into the network (IP)
– DOS attacks, address spoofing, routing attacks, …
Applications
• New usage models add
complexity, overhead
– Content, service networking require
Evolvability
Link
Technologies
a level of indirection
• Adding functionality in the
network is difficult
– IPv6, multicast, caching,
“transparent” middleboxes, ..
XIA Ideas: Multiple Principal Types
• Associated with different forwarding semantics
– Support heterogeneity in usage and deployment models
• Hosts XIDs support host-based communication – who?
• Service XIDs allow the network to route to possibly
replicated services – what does it do?
– LAN services access, WAN replication, …
• Content XIDs allow network to retrieve content from
“anywhere” – what is it?
– Opportunistic caches, CDNs, …
• Set of principal types can evolve over time
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XIA Ideas: Fallbacks and DAGs
• Introduction of a new principal type will be
incremental – no “flag day”!
….
• XIA: intent and fallback address
CID
– Intent allows the network to
optimize based on user intent
– Fallback: guaranteed to be reachable,
used if the intent “fails”
– Encoded using DAGs
Cache
Dest
NID:HID
Src
NID:HID
….
Payload
CIDS
Cache
Cache
NIDS
HIDS
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Source network
Internet
Destination network
XIA Ideas: Intrinsic Security
• XIA uses self-certifying identifiers that guarantee
security properties for communication operation
– Host ID is a hash of its public key – accountability (AIP)
– Content ID is a hash of the content – correctness
– Does not rely on external configurations
• Intrinsic security is specific to the principal type:
– Content XID: content is correct
– Service XID: the right service provided content
– Host XID: content was delivered from right host
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Open Source XIA Release
https://github.com/xia-project/
Routing
XHCP
BIND
Applications
Chunking
Xsockets
XDP
XChunkP
XSP
ARP
XIA
Cache
XCMP
Datalink
• XIA Prototype released in May 2012
– Includes full XIA protocol stack, SID/CID support, utilities
• Being used to support evaluation, applications, services
• New functionality is being added regularly
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Prototype Features
• Full host and router protocol stack
• SDN-based control plane supporting routing for SIDs,
HIDs, CIDs
• Inter domain routing for NIDs
• Anycast for SIDs
• Support for intrinsic security
• Mobility for new/active sessions
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Compatibility Library
• XIA changes socket API
– Changing apps painful
Application
“IP as ID”
sockets
Wrapper
XIA
Xsockets
GLIBC
XIA
Protocol
Stack
Kernel
• Idea: apps continue to use IP
addresses but they are used
as IDs for an XIA address
– (IP, socket) -> XIA DAG
– Think: per host NAT
• Mapping service keeps
mappings consistent
• Works really well
– E.g., ported Firefox
Experimental Evaluation of FIAs
• Experiment requirements are very diverse!
– Focus on core versus edge, control vs data vs both
– Differences in requirements for scale, realism of topology,
richness of domains, realism cross-traffic, ..
– Geographic diversity is often important
• Shared devices/links are often fine
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Classes of Experiments
• Edge centric experiments
– Mobility, vehicular use case, caching, anycast, …
– Need many edge networks; core can be simplified
• Core centric experiments
– Evolvable routing, new routing protocols (e.g., Scion, BGP
extensions), Internet scale trust management, …
– Realistic core topology: customer-provider/peer links,
many core domains; edge can be simple
• Some experiment stress core + edge: video distr.
– Diverse edge networks: clients, CDNs, brokers, …
– Core network routing and bottlenecks play big role as well
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Large Scale Video Distribution
A Video Control Plane
Analysis and Optimization
QoE …. System
Monitoring
Player
Control
ISPs
CDNs
Content
Broker
• Use XIA control and data plane to optimize and
simplify video distribution with high QoE
– Numbers of individual entities, and control desired, vary
• Will use XIA control plane and data plane features
Extreme Mobility:
Vehicular XIA Networking
• Support for high-speed
mobility
• Use of SIDs and CIDs to
improve efficiency
• Fast authentication and
handoff
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Testbed Deployment Plan
BU
Transit
Transit
Transit
Edge
Transit
Transit
Transit
Edge
Transit
Transit
Transit
Edge
Duke
CMU
Wisc
Other
• Permanent XIA deployment consisting of:
– Edge networks at XIA sites and simple GENI backbone
– Pieces are being put in place
– Must expand on-demand for specific experiments
• More edge and transit domains based on need
• Gain experience in running XIA networks, experiment with
(limited versions) of two use-cases
– Explore richer inter-domain experiment support in the future
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