Transcript PPS 12MB - Center for Pervasive Communications and Computing

Panel
Pervasive Communications:
All the Time, Everywhere
Panel Pervasive Communications: All the Time, Everywhere
Rene L. Cruz UCSD Networking
Joseph A. Bannister ISI and USC Networking
Daniel J. Blumenthal UCSB Optical Networking
Pamela Cosman UCSD Speech, Image, Audio and Video Coding
Babak Daneshrad UCLA MIMO Wireless
Urbashi Mitra USC Wireless
Jeyhan Karaoguz Broadcom Wireless
Avneesh Agrawal Qualcomm Cellular Wireless
Al Servati Conexant Digital Home
State and Future of Networking
Rene L. Cruz
Professor
UC San Diego
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Important Factors
• reliance on information networks is increasing
• performance requirements of access networks are
increasing: access is bottleneck (cost)
• low cost, energy efficient wireless link technology
(short,medium, and long range)
• expansion of un-licensed frequency spectrum
• “willingness to pay” is very limited
Opportunities and Challenges in Networking
• Access Networks: Cost
• Reliability and Performance are Important
- Robustness to failures and security breaches
• Automated Network Control
- Carriers
- Ad-hoc networks
• Cooperation in a Competitive Environment
- bit pipe provider versus “service” provider
- peer to peer networking
The Future of
Networking
Joseph A. Bannister
Division Director
ISI Computer Networks Division
Assistant Director
ChevronTexaco CiSoft
Research Associate Professor
EE-Systems
Joseph Bannister
University of Southern California
Information Sciences Institute
23 May 2005
Four of Networking’s Main Challenges
Quality of Service
Multicast
Operations
Mobility
Quality of Service
Unfulfilled promise of packet switched data
networking
Nearly 30 years of research and
development
• Reservations, queueing, congestion
•
management
ATM, BISDN, RSVP, IntServ, DiffServ, GMPLS
Issues: QoS in an expanding infrastructure,
extreme link heterogeneity, flexibly
designed applications
Multicast
Essential for true broadcast
Lots of Internet work
•
IETF, PIM, IGMP
Currently superseded by peer-to-peer streaming
or downloaded content
Do customers prefer broadcast or on-demand
content?
Other uses of multicast: management,
coordination, time distribution
•
Anycast in DNS
Operations
Network complexity
is growing rapidly
1980–2002 Internet annual growth rate was 100%
Number of sys
admins is growing moderately
1980–2002 sci & eng workforce annual growth rate was 5%
Time
Population
Complexity
Includes security, dependability, network
management
Harvest the advances of AI
Critical need as networks grow – sys admin gap
Mobility
Ubiquitous connectivity
Wireless or wired networks
Mobile IP not really a success story
Cellular mobility is a success story
• Voice
• Data
• Video – next hurdle
IV. Pervasive Communications: All
the Time, Everywhere “Optical
Networking”
California: Prosperity
Through Technology 2005
Industry Research
Symposium May 23 & 24,
2005
Daniel J. Blumenthal
University of California
Santa Barbara, CA
[email protected]
Power and Size Matters
Mean
performance
[flops]
Performance
Mean
1015
Optiputer
NEC earth simulator
IBM ASCI white
1013
Intel Paragorn
11
10
Cray 2
Cray X-MP
Cray 1
9
10
Intel Dual
AMD
PIII
XP
107
Intel 80486
CDC6600
105
IBM 704
Intel
P4
Motorola
PowerPC 604
Intel 80286
3
10
Intel 8080
Eniac
1
10
1940
1950
1960
1970
1980
1990
Introduction year
2000
2010
Fiber/Microprocessor Bandwidth Bottlenecks
5
10
4
10
IP Traffic will Continue to Drive
Capacity Growth
Per Fiber Capacity Continues to
Increase
WDM
TDM
3
10
2
10
8x
2
10
1
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
Microprocessors will Dissipate Increasing
Power with Today’s Technology
2003
“Greenfield Optical Switched Transport Networks:
A Cost Analysis,” C.R. Lima, M.Allen and B.Faer,
NFOEC, 2001.
Aggregate Link Capacity (Gbps)
Fiber Capacity Increase Outstrips
Electronic Switching Capacity Increase
Today’s Infrastructure: The Electronics/Optics
Boundary
•
Current infrastructure depends heavily on electronics and optics, where the former has strength in
processing and the later in transmission
Access
Switch/Router
TDM Muxes/DeMuxes
EO/OE
WDM
Mux/Demux
WDM Fiber
Router
Router
Router
Router
Electrical
Optical
Recent Progress in Optical Networking
Has increased the functionality and role of optics in the routing and switching at the wavelength
circuit level
WDM/Fiber Grooming
WDM
Mux/
Demux
WDM
Mux/
Demux
Transmission
Optical
Switch
WDM/Fiber Grooming
Transmission
WDM
Mux/
Demux
WDM
Mux/
Demux
ROADM
WDM Fiber
Optical
OE
Tunable EO
OE
Tunable EO
Electrical
TDM Switch/
Router
TDM Switch/
Router
TDM Multiplexing
TDM Multiplexing
•
DARPA Supported Optical Network Related
Programs at UCSB
CSWDM: 4 Year, 3.5M
Integrated Optical Wavelength Converters and Routers for Robust WavelengthAgile Analog/ Digital Optical Networks
M. Masanovic, V. Lal, J. Summers, H. -F Chou, E. Skogen, J. S. Barton M. Sysak, D. J.
Blumenthal, J. E. Bowers, L. A. Coldren, N. Dagli, E. Hu
DoD-N: 4 Year 15.8M
LASOR: A Label Switched Optical Router
UCSB: M. Masanovic, V. Lal, J. Summers, H. Poulsen, D. Wolfson, Z. Hu, E. Burmeister, S.
Bjorlin, H. Park, J. Chen, A. Tauke-Pedretti, M. Dummer, J. Barton, L. Johansson, M. Davanco,
B. Koch, R. Rajaduray, R. Doshi, W. Zhao, D. J. Blumenthal, J. E. Bowers, L. A. Coldren, E. Hu
Agility Communications: C. Coldren, G. Fish
Calient Networks: O. Jerphagnon, R. Helkey, S. Yuan
Cisco Systems: G. Epps, D. Civello, P. Donner
JDS Uniphase: D. Al-Salameh
Stanford University: Y. Ganjali, N. McKeown, T. Roughgarden, A. Goel
LASOR Research Vision
Integrated Photonic
Packet Forwarding
Routing Protocols for
Engines
Networks with Small
Integrated Optical
Optical Buffers
Random Access
Memory
ISP 100Tbps Router
Optical Data
Router (ODR)
WDM
 1 , 2 É  M
Fiber 1
R-OB
OS
2Tbps linecard - 1
Fast Tunable
Regenerative AllOptical Wavelength
Converters
Integrated
Photonic Optical
Header ReadErase
40G Optically
Labeled Packets
Reconfigurable
Optical Backplane
1.28/2.56 Tbps Linecard
32/64 40G
Inputs
2Tbps linecard - 50
32/64 40G
Outputs
Fiber N
Local line or packet Add/Drop to
Electrical Routers or  services
Optical Router Node (ORN)
Dense Photonic
Integration
Integration
The integration of optics and electronics at the level of LSI electronics is
essential for the long term growth, strategic planning and cost reduction path
required for the future of optical networks.
Microelectronics  Computing
Discrete  1950s
IC 1960s
LSI 1970s
VLSI 1980s
ULSI 1990s-2000s
GSI ???
RF + Electronics Mobile
Discrete  1970s-1980s
Hybrid  1980s-1990s
Hybrid IC  1990s
Silicon  2000s
Optics + Electronics  High
Speed Networks
Discrete  1970s-1980s
Analog PIC  1980s-1990s
Hybrid IC  2000s
LSI  ???
InP Monolithic Photonic Integration
Tunable Laser Mach-Zehnder
Modulator Transmitter
out
Hybrid 10 Gbps OQW
Mach-Zehnder Modulator WC
out
UCSB (CSWDM)
10 Gbps Tunable AllOptical Wavelength
Converter
UCSB (CSWDM)
in
UCSB (CSWDM)
10 Gbps Tunable AllOptical Wavelength
Converter + Optical Filter
UCSB (CSWDM)
in
Masanovic, Barton, Sysak, Lal, Summers, Dummer, Raring,
Skogen, Blumenthal, Bowers, Coldren
in
40Gbps Folded Tunable AllOptical Wavelength Converter
out
in
out
in
UCSB (DoDN)
out
in
Impact of Optics on Network Architectures
Access
Enterprise/LAN
•Regeneration
•Transmission
•Add/Drop
Multiplexing
•Add/Drop
Multiplexing
Metro
•Regeneration
Core
•Transmission
•Switching and Routing
•Regeneration
•Wavelength Conversion
•Grooming
Switching and Routing
•Wavelength
Conversion
•Wavelength
Conversion
Speech, Audio, Image, and Video Coding
Pamela Cosman
Professor, Electrical and Computer Engineering, UCSD
Co-Director, Center for Wireless Communications, UCSD
Progress of Speech & Audio Coding
Research Focuses:





Graph from:
Extending current
systems to handle
wideband speech at
about 8kbps rate
Music, general audio
Robustness to delay,
packet loss
Very low rate coding
(100’s of bps)
Fusion of speech
compression and
speech recognition
Images: JPEG vs. JPEG2000



25-35% reduction in file
size compared to JPEG
Lossless JPEG2000 has
big improvement
Application areas:




Medical images (incl. 3D)
Scientific images / space
Archiving (digital libraries)
High-quality digital video
editing, digital cinema
(Motion-JPEG2000 can
outperform MPEG-4)

Slow uptake because





Legacy JPEG material
Does 25-35% improvement
warrant widespread
replacement?
At high rates, JPEG &
JPEG2000 have similar
performance → digital
cameras can do without
Abundance of bandwidth:
2Mbps download, 130k or
100k image doesn’t matter
“Submarine” patents
Progress of Video Compression
PSNR
(dB)
Bit Rate
Coder
MPEG-4 H.263
ASP
HLP
MPEG-2
H.264
AVC
39%
49%
64%
MPEG-4
ASP
-
17%
43%
H.263
HLP
-
-
31%
Bit rate savings over MPEG2
New Technologies & Applications
for both images and video…

New Technologies

Object-based coding: fusion of
compression & computer vision

Applications







Network Coding
Joint audio/video coding:
exploit correlation
More realistic motion models
Scalable video & image: adapt
to different formats & channels

Searching & Indexing,
Content-based retrieval,
Games, Augmented Reality
Compression for sensor and
surveillance networks
(infrastructure monitoring,
traffic conditions, security…)
Seamless mobility over
heterogeneous networks
Disaster response
MPEG4 vs. Scalable Video Coding

Features: spatial scalability, temporal scalability,
SNR scalability, complexity scalability, …
• Single-encoding / multi-decoding
• Very fast pre-decoder
• Only one bit-stream in server
Encoder
Encoder
Encoder
Encoder
Bit-stream
Bit-stream
Bit-stream
Bit-stream
Bit-stream
Pre-decoder
Bit-stream
Bit-stream
Low quality
Small size
High quality
Multi Antenna (MIMO) Processing
and the Second Wireless Revolution
Babak Daneshrad
[email protected]
University of California, Los Angeles
Wireless Integrated Systems Lab.
The Trend
• Progress in wireless communications requires support for
progressively higher data rates under progressively higher
levels of mobility.
• To achieve this, systems must exploit space, the last
frontier in the signaling space !
• Three forms of spatial (antenna) processing
– Phased array beamforming
• Used in cellular base stations
– Diversity processing
• Used in WLAN access points
– MIMO
• Emerging WLAN 802.11n standard
• Emerging 802.16e standard
Wireless Integrated Systems Lab.
Multi Input Multi Output (MIMO) Wireless Comms.
r1(t) = a11x(t)+a12y(t)+a13z(t)
x(n)
MODULATOR
x(t)
x(n)
y(n)
MODULATOR
y(t)
z(n)
•
MODULATOR
z(t)
MIMO
MIMO
Receiver
Receiver
•
Different data sent on different transmit antennas
The signal from each transmitter is received at ALL receive antennas
(this is not interference)
Channel impulse response is a matrix
– NxM matrix; where N is the number of TX and M is the number of RX
antennas; N>M
Wireless Integrated Systems Lab.
z(n)
r3(t) = a31x(t)+a32y(t)+a33z(t)
• All transmissions occur at the same time and in the same frequency band
•
y(n)
Theoretical MIMO Capacity
95% Outage Capacity
50
MIMO System
No. TX Ant =
No. RX Ant
45
95 % Capacity at
20 dB SNR
Required SNR to
achieve capacity
of 1 bit/sec/Hz
1x1
2.6 bits/sec/Hz
12.8 dB
2x2
8.0 bits/sec/Hz
1.2 dB
4x4
19.0 bits/sec/Hz
-4.9 dB
8x8
40.8 bits/sec/Hz
-9.3 dB
40
Capacity ( bps/Hz)
MIMO
Config.
35
Traditionnal 1x1
SISO system
30
does not improve with
more antennas
25
20
Smart antenna array
(number of transmit
antenna fixed at 1)
15
10
5
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Number of receive antennas
9
 10x to 20x capacity increase with same total TX power
 23 dB (200x) reduction in the required power when bandwidth efficiency is
kept constant
Wireless Integrated Systems Lab.
10
2x2 MIMO vs. 802.11a & 802.11b
Effective User throughput (Mbps)
Distance between
TX and RX (feet)
2x2 MIMO with
10mW TX power
802.11a with 45 mW TX
power (source Atheros)
802.11b (source
Atheros)
10’
85 Mbps
54 Mbps
11 Mbps
50’
49 Mbps
37 Mbps
11 Mbps
100’
49 Mbps
18 Mbps
11 Mbps
150’
42 Mbps
12 Mbps
6 Mbps
200’
30 Mbps
6 Mbps
2 Mbps
Wireless Integrated Systems Lab.
MIMO Economics
• Spectrum is expensive in licensed bands
• Spectrum is scarce in unlicensed bands
• MIMO techniques increase data throughput without
increasing bandwidth
• Signal is expanded in space
– Systems can operate at lower carrier frequencies
• No need for exotic & expensive semiconductor technologies
• Better signal penetration through walls and around corners
– Expense: more sophisticated signal processing
Wireless Integrated Systems Lab.
Multi Antenna Processing’s Here to Stay
• By 2010 nearly all wireless standards will have elements of
MIMO in them
• 802.11n (next generation WLAN) will standardize on MIMO
– MIMO enables: video distribution, Gbps enterprise networking
– Ratification expected in 1H 2006
• 802.16e (mobile flavor of WiMax) has optional MIMO modes
– MIMO enables: building penetration, range extension
– Ratification expected in 2006
• 4G cellular systems looking to incorporate MIMO modes
– MIMO enables: broadband in limited cellular bands
– Ratification ?
• Other wireless systems will deploy some form of multi antenna
processing
Wireless Integrated Systems Lab.
35
Wireless Research for the Future
Urbashi Mitra
Professor
Co-Director, Communication Sciences Institute
Department of Electrical Engineering
University of Southern California
[email protected]
http://ceng.usc.edu/~ubli/ubli.html
California: Prosperity through Technology
2005 Industry Research Symposium
36
The Need for SYNERGY
open systems interconnect (OSI) stack
cross-layer designs
(again!)
modified from InetDaemon.com
wireless sensor networks
“The network IS the channel” –
A. Sabharwal, Rice University
37
A New (?) SYNERGY
joint design of hardware
and algorithms
Hardware
Hardware
Fano decoder in VLSI
P. Beerel & K.Chugg USC
low complexity
UWB receivers
Quantized UWB receiver
S. Franz & U. Mitra, USC
38
Experimental Wireless?
• Other disciplines
– Physics (experimental and theoretical)
• Usual province of industry
– Where do trained faculty come from?
• Academic training needed
– RF circuits and wireless communication theory
– Challenge of providing in a two year MS
• How can industry/academia collaborate on training
new wireless engineers?
39
Academic-Industry Relationships
• The heyday of Bell Labs
– Claude Shannon
• Where are the “new” Bell Labs?
– Who has the largest market share?
• Applied Research
– Defense model 6.1, 6.2, 6.3 etc.
• How can industry invest?
–
–
–
–
Gifts
Support “centers”
One-by-one agreements
Is there a NEW model?
}
intellectual property
40
Role of Government Agencies
• Funding waning for wireless/communications
– “monotonically decreasing” at NSF
• Move towards a few large-sized programs
– Vanishing single investigator grants
• Impact on industry?
41
What is the Channel?
Signal Power (dB)
sensor networks
0
-20
Multipath Effects
UHF TV
-40
coding for
fading/MIMO channels
Cellular
-60
-80
Ambient RF
-100
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200 1400
ultrawideband
underwater
communications
42
Biological Communications?
• Understand how nature communicates
– Inform our communication system design
• “Grow” communication receivers
– Use biological building blocks to construct
“classical” receivers
43
Problems
designing cell-to-cell
communication
R. Weiss et al, Princeton University
capacity of neural
communication
M. Gastpar, Berkeley
B. Rimoldi, EPFL
error-correction for DNA crystals
Erik Winfree, CalTech
Wireless Challenges: A Billion User
Experimental Test Bed
Jeyhan Karaoguz
Broadcom Corporation
The Current Semiconductor
Revolution:
Communications In Everything
The Next Communications Challenge:
Convergence of Multimedia Content
over Home and Mobile Networks
Mobile World
Home World
Content Provider
Broadband Service Provider
Cellular Service Provider
The Path To Convergence in the
Broadband World is Pretty Scary
Media
Servers
Satellite
DVB-H
Media Service
Provider
WiFi
Hotspot
WiMAX
WiFi
Hotspot
Broadband Network
Cable
DSL
Audio/Media
Sharing
HOME
3GPP
GSM/GPRS
Network
Voice
SMS
MMS
3GPP
CDMA
Network
802.22
Wireless over
Unused TV Channels
Multimedia/Video
Smart Phone
Telecom
Carrier CO
Future Levels of Integration
in Mobile Devices
Mobile Communications
“Super Chip” of the Future
CD-Quality MP3
Encode/Decode
WWAN
BB/MAC
>500 MHz 32-bit
Processor w/FPU
Multi-threaded
WLAN
BB/MAC
WPAN
BB/MAC
3D Graphics
W/Dual ¼ Mpixel
LCD Displays
FLASH Interface
Advanced Power
Management
DRAM Interface
Dual Camera Interface
Full-Frame MPEG4
Encode/Decode
Integrated RF
• Complexity
– 1000 DMIPS CPU
– 10M polygon/sec 3D graphics
– 100M pixel/sec MPEG4 codec
– 10 Mbps 3G WWAN
– 100Mbps 802.11 WLAN
– 1000Mbps UWB WPAN
– Digital Video Broadcasting
Power Dissipation is the Limiting Factor
Research Challenges
• Multi-Modal RF
• Coexistence
• MIMO
• Signal processing for improved range/quality/capacity/features
• Voice and Audio Quality
• Inter-Networking
• Security
– Watermarking
– DRM
– Biometrics
• User Experience
• Power Management
Qualcomm May 2005
My Vision for Cellular
Avneesh Agrawal
Qualcomm
50
Qualcomm May 2005
Challenge/Opportunity
• The key challenge/opportunity for cellular is the widespread
adoption of mobile data services.
• The case for data over cellular
– Ubiquity (‘Anytime/Anywhere’)
– Location specific content
– Higher penetration than wireline internet
• Only internet experience for many people
• Challenges
– Limited UI
– Cost
51
Qualcomm May 2005
Cell-phone: The one device that everyone carries
Walkie-Talkie
Voice
PDA
Photo Album
Television
Camcorder
Glucometer
Camera
Wallet
FM Radio
Bar Scanner
Game Console
PC
MP3 Player
Newspaper
GPS Device
Rolodex
Pager
52
Qualcomm May 2005
Some perspective
• Worldwide cellular subscribers ~1.5B
• Projected > 2B in 2009
• Over
• Over
• Over
• Over
125 3G operators
200M 3G subscribers
610 3G mobile devices
55 mobile device vendors
• Projected ~ 1B 3G users in 2009
(~50% of total cellular market)
We have just begun to tap into the
wireless data market.
3G = CDMA2000 (1x, EV-DO) and WCDMA (Rel99, HSDPA, HSUPA)
53
Qualcomm May 2005
Multicast – a more efficient mechanism for distributing
content
•
For multicast services, cost/bit is
largely determined by users at celledge
–
•
Cell radius cannot be very large
(typical < 1-2 km)
–
•
No cell edge. Spectral efficiency ~1-2
bps/Hz
No uplink => can use few high
powered large towers.
–
•
Limited by Uplink link budget
For multicast data, same information
can be transmitted simultaneously.
–
•
Spectral efficiency at edge of cellular
systems could be as low as .1 bps/Hz.
Radius ~30-40 km
Hence cost/bit for multicast data can
be significantly reduced by using
specialized multicast networks.
MediaFlo
• News / Live TV /Sports
• Traffic report / Weather
• Stock Ticker
• A surprising large amount
of content can be delivered
efficiently using multicast
54
Qualcomm May 2005
What is 4G ?
• Don’t know !
• My conjecture:
– 4G should cause significant reduction in cost/bit (>5x) over 3G?
• The wireless industry will spend > $100B going from 2G to 3G
• Any transition away from 3G will be expensive and should be well worth the
pain.
• Need to separate hype from reality.
• ‘Next Generation Services’ will involve hybrid networks
– WAN/LAN/Multicast
– Use the most cost effective mechanism for delivering data.
55
Qualcomm May 2005
Active Areas of Research
• CDMA Multi-user Detection
– Advances in Silicon technology now allow us to implement interference
cancellation and get closer to the theoretical limits.
– Compare with orthogonal multiple access techniques such as OFDMA.
• MIMO for Wide Area Networks
– How do we extract MIMO gains in a WAN that is characterized by
correlated scattering and fairly poor C/I conditions?
• Smart Antenna’s
• Device innovation
– Text input, low power displays, low power circuit design, battery
technology, multiband radios, etc.
• Services
– Mobile search, m-commerce, multi-player games, etc. .
56
The Digital Home
Everything On Demand Network
UCI Research Symposium
May 2005
Al Servati
Director Marketing, Broadband Media Products
Broadband Digital Home
Internet
Ethernet
Dial-Up
PC
Video
Game System
Media Gateway
Satellite
HPNA
Cable
Data Gateway
Internet Radio
Telephony / VPN
Powerline
DSL
Analog/Digital Phones
Game Worlds
TV/Video Displays
Music
Updated 1/20/05
Wireless
Broadband
Wireless
E-mail Terminals
Conexant Confidential
Page 58
Broadband Digital Home Technologies
Broadband Access
Local Distribution
xDSL CO
802.11 a/b/g BB/MAC
ADSL
802.11 RF
Media Applications
Analog Modem
Video Codec
PC
MPEG-2 Codec
ADSL2/2+
Ethernet
VDSL
Bluetooth
Telephony Application
Cable Modem
Powerline
Digital Tuner
Voice Codec
Demodulator
Network Processor
Wireless (2.5/3G)
SD MPEG-2 Codec
DVD Navigator
802.16
Advanced Video Codecs
Updated 1/20/05
Current Conexant Portfolio
Capability
Audio Codec
Current GlobespanVirata Portfolio
Gap
LCD Control
Conexant Confidential
VOP
DTV
DVD-R
Audio
STB
Display
Page 59
Cable Operators’ Business Challenges
 Need to compete with Satellite, ISP, and Telco offerings
• Everything On Demand
 Video on Demand, IP-Video (HDTV/H.264)
• VoIP, Multimedia service, Home Security, other services ??
 Need to drive open standards to lower CAPEX and OPEX
• A flexible network architecture, NGNA
• Communication technologies (Euro- / DOCSIS standards)
 Next Generation DOCSIS  DOCSIS 3.0
• Low-cost CPEs
 Highly Integrated SOCs (HD / H.264)
• Advanced content servers, standard middleware, home networking
technologies
Updated 1/20/05
Conexant Confidential
Page 60
Current Cable Network
Video
HFC
Set Top Box
Data
Cable Modem
CM + VoIP
CM + RG
Updated 1/20/05
Conexant Confidential
Page 61
DOCSIS Evolution: Better QoS / Higher BW
Applications
•Asymmetric Bandwidth
•Best Effort
Applications
• Asymmetric Bandwidth
• Best Effort
•Constant Bit Rate
• Constant Bit Rate
•Symmetric Bandwidth
Applications
•Asymmetric Bandwidth
•Best Effort
MAC QoS
Enhancements
MAC QoS
Enhancements
MAC Without QoS
MAC Without QoS
A-TDMA/
S-CDMA
MAC Changes
TDMA PHY
TDMA PHY
TDMA PHY A-TDMA PHY
S-CDMA PHY
DOCSIS 1.0
DOCSIS 1.1
MAC Without QoS
Updated 1/20/05
DOCSIS 2.0
Conexant Confidential
DOCSIS 3.0
Page 62
Everything On Demand Network
Thick Set-top Box
HFC
Content
Broadband
Content Gateway
Home Network
Thin STB
 Cable operators and consumer electronics companies
must form alliances
• To provide new content and services
 Cable operators focus on delivering applications /services
• Retain subscribers and increase revenue per subscriber
Updated 1/20/05
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Next Generation STBs, DTVs, ….
 Support for Video over IP via dedicated DOCSIS channels
• HD / H.264, up to 200 Mpbs downstream bandwidth
Tuner
eCM
DOCSIS 3.0
TS
eSTB
HD / H.264
CX2418x
H.264
I/O Bus or PCI CLK TS
YCrCb
CX2417x HD Decoder
Updated 1/20/05
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Next Gen. STB with Home Networking
VoIP
HDD (NAS)
Wired
IP-STB
HD / H.264
Wireless
Communication
Processor
IP
RF
Tuner
eCM
DOCSIS 3.0
TS
eSTB
HD / H.264
HDD
Updated 1/20/05
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The Future: Multi-Pipe DOCSIS
Multi-Downstreams
Max Rate: 40Mbps x M
1
2
N
Cable Modem
M
CMTS
DOCSIS X.x
2
DOCSIS X.x
1
Multi-Upstreams
Max Rate: 30Mbps x N
Updated 1/20/05
Conexant Confidential
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Next Generation DOCSIS 3.0
DOCSIS Version
DOCSIS 1.0
DOCSIS 1.1
DOCSIS 2.0
DOCSIS 3.0
Services
Broadband Internet
Tiered Services
VoIP
Video Conferencing
Commercial Services
Entertainment Video
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Consumer Devices
Cable Modem
VoIP Phone (MTA)
Residential Gateway
Video Phone
Mobile Devices
IP Set-top Box
X
Downstream Bandwidth
Mbps/channel
40
40
40
200
10
10
30
100
Upstream Bandwidth
Mbps/channel
DS  Bond four 6MHz channels. With 256QAM = 160 Mbps, with 1024QAM = 200Mbps.
US  Bond multiple Channels
Updated 1/20/05
Conexant Confidential
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Hard-wired or DSP
 Satellite and Cable Operators will use Hard-wired
solutions
• Performance, Cost, Integration roadmap
 IP/DSL-STB mostly will use integrated Hard-wired
solutions
• Designed primarily for satellite and cable operators
 Large STB IC vendors will drive the cost and
functionality of HD/H.264 STB SoCs
• Responding to satellite and cable STB needs
• Broad portfolio of complementary products and IP
Updated 1/20/05
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Rene L. Cruz UCSD Networking
Joseph A. Bannister ISI and USC Networking
Daniel J. Blumenthal UCSB Optical Networking
Pamela Cosman UCSD Speech, Image, Audio and Video Coding
Babak Daneshrad UCLA MIMO Wireless
Urbashi Mitra USC Wireless
Jeyhan Karaoguz Broadcom Wireless
Avneesh Agrawal Qualcomm Cellular Wireless
Al Servati Conexant Digital Home