Transcript C05.Telecommunicatio.. - SIUE Computer Science

Telecommunications
Telecommunications refers to the
electronic transmission and reception of
signals for voice and data communications.
In this section:
• Infrastructure
• Cellular Network
Concepts > Telecommunications
• Wireless Data Communications
• Computer Network
Infrastructure
In telecommunications, infrastructure
refers to the hardware, software, and
protocols that support telecommunications.
In this section:
• Telecommunications Signals
• Telecommunications Media
• Radio Spectrum
• Telecommunications Devices
• Telecommunications Software
Concepts > Telecommunications > Infrastructure
Telecommunications Signals
Telecommunications
signals are analog or digital
electronic transmissions for
the purpose of
communication.
Broadband media are those
advertised by Internet service
providers as “high-speed.” In
everyday use, the terms broadband
and high-speed Internet refer to a
connection that is always on or
active, such as cable and DSL.
Concepts > Telecommunications > Infrastructure > Telecommunications Signals
Telecommunications Media
Telecommunications media include anything that carries a signal and
creates an interface between a sending device and a receiving device.
•Twisted pair copper cable consists of pairs
of twisted wires covered with an insulating
layer.
•A coaxial cable consists of an inner
conductor wire surrounded by insulation, a
conductive shield, and a cover.
•In contrast, fiber-optic cable, which
consists of thousands of extremely thin
strands of glass or plastic bound together
in a sheathing (a jacket), transmits signals
with light beams.
•Radio waves/wireless
Concepts > Telecommunications >Infrastructure > Telecommunications Media
Fiber Optic Cables
Links:
Fiber Optic Cables
Concepts > Telecommunications >Infrastructure > Telecommunications Media
Radio Spectrum
Radio spectrum refers to all of the
frequencies available for radio
waves, such as TV, radio, wireless
phone, wireless computer network,
GPS, and satellite communication.
Concepts > Telecommunications > Infrastructure > Radio Spectrum
Telecommunications Devices
Network connection devices
Dial-up modem
Cable modem
DSL modem
Network adaptor
Network interface card (NIC)
Wireless adapter
Cellular connect card
Telecommunications devices include the
wide variety of computer hardware
designed to support telecommunications
activities for individuals and businesses.
Microwave = line-of-sight
Network control devices
Hub
Switch
Repeater
Bridge
Gateway
Router
Wireless access point
Firewall
Access point/router/switch
Concepts > Telecommunications > Infrastructure > Telecommunications Devices
Communications satellite
Telecommunications
Software
Telecommunications software is
software based on telecommunications
protocols used to control, monitor, and
troubleshoot data traveling over a
telecommunications network.
Network operating systems
Network management software
Network control devices
Protocols vs. Standards
Concepts > Telecommunications > Infrastructure > Telecommunications Software
Cellular Network
A cellular network is a radio
network in which a geographic area
is divided into cells with a
transceiver antenna (tower) and
station at the center of each cell, to
support wireless mobile
communications.
In this section:
• Cellular Carrier
• Cellular Plans
• Cellular Services
• Cellular Handset
• Pager
Concepts > Telecommunications > Cellular Network
Cellular coverage areas focus on
populated areas & highways.
Cellular Carrier
A cellular carrier is a
company that builds
and maintains a
cellular network and
provides cell phone
service to the public.
Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) and Code Division Multiple
Access (CDMA) provide roughly equal quality of service in the U.S.A.
For international coverage, choose GSM.
Concepts > Telecommunications > Cellular Network > Cellular Carrier
Cellular Plans
If two plans from different carriers
seem roughly comparable in terms
of features, you should view the
coverage map of both carriers and
examine their handsets and
services.
A cellular plan defines the terms of service provided by a cellular carrier
to which a cellular user subscribes.
Concepts > Telecommunications > Cellular Network > Cellular Plans
Cellular Services
4G cellular technology –
limited by display!
Cellular services include specific features of a cell phone
plan other than voice communication, such as text
messaging, high-speed Internet, and streamed media.
Examples of Add-on Services:
•Text messaging
•Push to talk
•Email
•Games
•Broadband internet
•Roadside assistance
Concepts > Telecommunications > Cellular Network > Cellular Services
Really?
Links:
Windows Phone 7: Really?
Concepts > Telecommunications > Cellular Network > Cellular Services
Cellular Handset
Phone Form Factors
•Bar
•Clamshell
•Flip
•Slide
•Swivel
QWERTY keyboard
Cellular handset refers to the phone used by the subscriber to
communicate on the cellular network.
Links:
Damn You AutoCorrect.com
Concepts > Telecommunications > Cellular Network > Cellular Handset
Pager
A pager is a small,
lightweight device that
receives signals from
transmitters for the
purpose of
communications and
messaging.
On-site paging systems are finding a
variety of uses in businesses and
organizations, including restaurants
and emergency rooms.
Concepts > Telecommunications > Cellular Network > Pager
National and regional systems
set up transmission towers, much
like cell phone networks, to cover
large geographic areas.
Wireless Data
Communications
Wireless data communications refers
to telecommunications that take place
over the air for data and Internet access.
In this section:
• Wi-Fi
• WiMAX
• Long Term Evolution (LTE)
• Bluetooth
• RFID
• GPS
Concepts > Telecommunications > Wireless Data Communications
Wi-Fi
Wi-Fi (short for wireless fidelity) is wireless
networking technology that uses access
points to wirelessly connect users to
networks within a range of 250–1000 feet
(75–300 meters).
Areas around access points where users
can connect to the Internet are
sometimes called hotspots. By
positioning wireless access points at
strategic locations throughout a building,
campus, or city, Wi-Fi users can be
continuously connected to the network
and Internet, no matter where they roam
on the premises.
Concepts > Telecommunications > Wireless Data Communications > Wi-Fi
WiMAX and LTE
WiMAX is being proposed as a solution to the
“last mile” problem. The last mile refers to the
part of a telecommunications network that
connects to residences and businesses – the
part of the network other than the backbone.
Long Term Evolution (LTE) is a
fourth-generation wireless
broadband technology that was
developed to allow GSM cellular
technology to evolve to provide very
high-speed Internet access.
Links:
The 4G Wireless War
Concepts Telecommunications > Wireless Data Communications > WiMAX
WiMAX
Links:
WiMAX
Concepts Telecommunications > Wireless Data Communications > WiMAX
Bluetooth
Bluetooth (named after a 10thcentury Danish king) enables a
wide assortment of digital devices
to communicate directly with each
other wirelessly over short
distances.
Some Bluetooth-Enabled Devices:
• Personal computers
• Printers
• Keyboards and mice
• Mobile phones
• Digital cameras
• Portable MP3 players
• Headphone/headset
• Speakers
• Automobiles
• Microwave ovens
• Refrigerators
• Washers and dryers
Bluetooth = device-to-device
Wi-Fi = device-to-network/Internet
Concepts > Telecommunications > Wireless Data Communications > Bluetooth
Bluetooth fun?
Links:
Blue Tooth fun
Concepts > Telecommunications > Wireless Data Communications > Bluetooth
RFID
RFID, or radio frequency
identification, uses tiny
transponders in tags that can be
attached to merchandise or other
objects and read wirelessly using an
RFID reader, typically for inventory
and supply chain management or to
facilitate commercial transactions.
Contactless payment systems =
security concerns?
Controversial uses?
Concepts > Telecommunications > Wireless Data Communications > RFID
Smart Power Outlets with RFID
Links:
Smart Power Outlets with RFID
Concepts > Telecommunications > Wireless Data Communications > RFID
GPS
GPS units are also playing a
part in social networking.
Geotagging is the process of
adding geographic identification
metadata to digital media and
messages.
A GPS, or global positioning system, uses satellites to
pinpoint the location of objects on earth.
Concepts > Telecommunications > Wireless Data Communications > GPS
Computer Network
A computer network is a collection
of computing devices connected
together to share resources such as
files, software, processors, storage,
printers, and Internet connections.
Nodes are devices attached to a network. PCs attached to a network are
called workstations. Workstations have access to two types of resources:
local resources and network/remote resources.
In this section:
• Personal Area Network (PAN)
• Home Network
Concepts > Telecommunications > Computer Network
• Local Area Network (LAN)
• Wide Area Network (WAN)
Home Network
A home network is a local area network designed for personal or
business use in the home.
Home networks allow users to:
• Share a single Internet connection
• Share a single printer
• Share files
• Back up important files to another PC
• Participate in multiplayer games
• Share output from devices
• Stream music and movies from a
computer to devices around the house
Concepts > Telecommunications > Computer Network > Home Network
Local Area Network (LAN)
A local area network (LAN) is a
privately owned computer network
that connects computers and
devices within the same building or
local geographic area.
In an intranet, a Web server provides
confidential data to LAN users, while
keeping the data safe from those outside
the organization through the use of a
firewall.
LANs designed to serve an entire city
are called Metropolitan Area Networks
(MANs).
With an extranet, content can be
extended outside the network to
customers, partners, or suppliers.
Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) use
tunneling to securely send private data
over the Internet.
Concepts > Telecommunications > Computer Network > LAN
Wide Area Network (WAN)
A wide area network (WAN) connects
LANs and MANs between cities,
across a country, and around the world
using microwave and satellite
transmission or telephone lines.
A WAN that crosses an
international border is considered
a global or international network.
A LAN becomes a WAN when it
extends beyond one geographic
location to another geographic
location.
Concepts > Telecommunications > Computer Network > WAN
Discussion Questions
1. Find local providers who offer WiMAX close to your home. Compare prices and
plans. Would you subscribe? Why or why not?
2. GPS provides convenience and safety, yet it accesses personal data and may
infringe on individual’s privacy. List at least 3 benefits and 3 risks. Are the benefits
worth the risks?
3. There are two strategies when purchasing a handset and subscribing to cellular
service: choose the phone first, or choose the carrier first. What are some factors
that would help you decide?
4. Wi-Fi has been incorporated into numerous devices over the past few years. Make a
list of devices that support this technology. How has this wireless connectivity
affected how we use these devices?
5. Describe how services and businesses take advantage of RFID.
6. What role does a client/server network system have in managing information within a
large organization?
7. Describe how GPS are used by businesses, by the military, and in our personal lives.
8. Would you like telecommuting to be in your future? Why or why not? Can you think of
some jobs that are not suited to telecommuting?
9. Explain the purpose of an intranet and the advantages it offers to a business.
Concepts > Telecommunications > Computer Network > Discussion Questions