Transcript MULTI-PROTOCOL LABEL SWITCHING

MULTI-PROTOCOL LABEL
SWITCHING
By:
YASHWANT.V
ROLL NO:20
CONTENTS








Introduction
Issues with routing
What is MPLS….?
How does MPLS work….?
MPLS Network
Protocols Used
Advantages
Applications
INTRODUCTION
MPLS was originally proposed by a group of engineers
from Ipsilon Networks, but their "IP Switching"
technology, which was defined only to work over ATM,
did not achieve market dominance. Cisco Systems, Inc.
introduced a related proposal, not restricted to ATM
transmission, called "Tag Switching" when it was a Cisco
proprietary proposal, and was renamed "Label
Switching" when it was handed over to the IETF for open
standardization.
ISSUES WITH ROUTING

Flexibility of routing

Integration with established technologies

Additional Services

Extensibility into new technologies
What is M P L S….?

MPLS is based on the concept of label switching

Operates at an OSI Model layer.

Referred as “Layer 2.5” protocol.

Designed to provide a unified data-carrying service for both
circuit-based clients and packet-switching.

MPLS is a technology used for optimizing traffic forwarding
through a network .

MPLS combines the best of both Layer 3 IP routing and Layer 2
switching .
How does M P L S work…?

MPLS assigns labels to packets for transport across a network .

The labels are contained in an MPLS header inserted into the
data packet .

These short, fixed-length labels carry the information that tells
each switching node (router) how to process and forward the
packets, from source to destination.

They have significance only on a local node-to-node connection.

As each node forwards the packet, it swaps the current label for
the appropriate label to route the packet to the next node.
….contd




MPLS networks establish Label-Switched Paths (LSP s) for data
crossing the network.
LSP s direct packets in one of two ways: hop-by-hop routing or
explicit routing.
Hop-by-hop routing: In hop-by-hop routing, each MPLS router
independently selects the next hop for a given Forwarding
Equivalency Class (FEC). A FEC describes a group of packets of
the same type; all packets assigned to a FEC receive the same
routing treatment.
Explicit routing: In explicit routing, the entire list of nodes traversed
by the LSP is specified in advance. The path specified could be
optimal or not, but is based on the overall view of the network
topology and, potentially, on additional constraints.
M P L S NETWORK
Data flow in an MPLS network

PE routers first establish LSP s.

Non-MPLS traffic is sent through its CE router

PE router performs a lookup on information in the packet

P router swaps labels as per LIB

At egress PE, the last MPLS is removed

The packet proceeds to the destination CE and into the customer's
network.
PROTOCOLS USED….

CR-LDP: Constraint-based Routing Label Distribution
Protocol

RSVP-TE :Resource Reservation Protocol Tunneling
Extensions
ADVANTAGES

MPLS enables a single converged network to support both new and
legacy services

MPLS enables traffic engineering.

MPLS supports the delivery of services with Quality of Service
(QoS) guarantees.

MPLS reduces router processing requirements, since routers simply
forward packets based on fixed labels.

MPLS provides the appropriate level of security

MPLS VPNs scale better than customer-based VPNs
TRAFFIC ENGINEERING

HYPER
AGGREGATION
PROBLEM
APPLICATIONS
 Telecommunications traffic engineering.

M P L S Virtual Private Networks
REFERENCES

http://en.wikipedia.org

http://ciscorouters.com

http://mplsfaqs.org
“ THANK YOU”