4 - InGesFor
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Transcript 4 - InGesFor
B2B
Business-to-Business
E-Commerce
BA 572 - J. Galván
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B2B E-COMMERCE
Inter-corporate communication
Exchange business information between
trading partners
Supply chain focus
Improve efficiency of transactions
Between different business entities
BA 572 - J. Galván
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A REAL-WORLD SUPPLY
CHAIN IS VERY COMPLEX.
Supplier A
Customer A
Supplier B
Frito Lay
Customer B
Wal-Mart
Procter &
Gamble
Customer C
Customer D
Supplier E
Customer E
BA 572 - J. Galván
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VISUALIZING THE SUPPLY
CHAIN
A river analogy
Source – raw materials
Flow direction – downstream
Tributaries – suppliers
Destination – customers
Upstream
Downstream
Series of linked processes
Value chain – within organization
Supply chain – links value chains
BA 572 - J. Galván
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INTERORGANIZATIONAL
SYSTEMS (IOS)
Information system shared by two or
more enterprises
Requires
Compatible information technology
Compatible infrastructures
Difficult to achieve
Initially limited to large firms
BA 572 - J. Galván
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EARLY IOSs REQUIRED
CUSTOM SOFTWARE.
Company A
B to A
Middleware
C to A
Middleware
Custom software
is very expensive
Company B
A to B
Middleware
C to B
Middleware
BA 572 - J. Galván
Company C
B to C
Middleware
A to C
Middleware
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SOME POTENTIAL BENEFITS OF AN
INTER-ORGANIZATIONAL SYSTEM.
Faster transactions
Lower cost transactions
Fewer transaction
errors
Reduced cycle time
Reduced inventory
Increased information
flow
Increased customer
satisfaction
Improved cash flows
Early examples
EFT
EDI
Still, limited to large
organizations
BA 572 - J. Galván
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INTERCONNECTIVITY
Private leased network
Expensive
Not easily scalable
Highly secure and reliable
Value-added network (VAN)
Semiprivate intermediary service
Less expensive but still costly
Scalable
Less secure and less reliable
BA 572 - J. Galván
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CONNECTING THROUGH
THE INTERNET.
Public bandwidth
Advantages
Inexpensive
Highly scalable
Company
A
Company
F
Company
B
The Internet
Drawbacks
Inconsistent
Weak security
Company
E
Company
C
Company
D
BA 572 - J. Galván
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A VPN UTILIZES A SECURE TUNNEL
TO CROSS THE INTERNET.
Company A
Company B
The Internet
Encrypt and
encapsulate
VPN
Encrypt and
encapsulate
The tunnel
Advantages
Public network
Tunneling
Encryption
BA 572 - J. Galván
Low cost
Good security
Scalable
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SELECTING A
CONNECTIVITY OPTION.
Option
Cost
Security
Exchange Company
Scalability
need
volume
size
Trading
partners
Secure private network
Value added network
Virtual private network
Public network
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Legend Meaning
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High/large/many
*
Low/small/few
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EARLY SUPPLY CHAIN
INTEGRATION
American Airlines Sabre
Online, real-time reservation services
Still in use
Baxter Healthcare
Ticket agents
Travel agents
Direct ordering of hospital supplies
Wal-Mart inventory management
Driven by point-of-sale data collection
BA 572 - J. Galván
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EDI
Electronica Data
Interchange
Standard syntax
EDI to Internal
Middleware
Internal to EDI
Middleware
ANSI X.12
EDIFACT
Company B
Two conversions
Company A
Internal to EDI
Middleware
InternalEDI
EDIinternal
Highly scalable
Templates
Web-based EDI
still in use
EDI
EDI to Internal
Middleware
Company C
EDI to Internal
Middleware
BA 572 - J. Galván
Internal to EDI
Middleware
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AN EXTRANET
The physical view
Supplier
intranet
Telecommuter
(Personal firewall)
WAN
Links intranets
Standards
Client/server
TCP/IP
Web server
Browser
Extranet
Company A
intranet
Business
partner
intranet
Security issues
BA 572 - J. Galván
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THE EXTRANET
The logical view
•What different users see from all the information stored by Company A
Business
partner
Telecommuter
Information within company A
Company A
employees
Company A
suppliers
BA 572 - J. Galván
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XML
Extension to HTML
Special tags to mark data fields
Data structure, syntax, data type
XML-enabled middleware can
Extract data values from document
Create dynamic Web pages
XML is extensible
Add and register new XML schema
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THE XML CODE FOR A SET OF
CUSTOMER ORDER DATA.
XML Tags
Equivalent Data Structure
<?xml version="2.0"?>
<order>
<salesperson>John Doe</salesperson>
<item>Acme rocket engine</item>
<quantity>4</quantity>
<date>
<month>12</month>
<day>13</day>
<year>2002</year>
</date>
<customer>Harry Potter</customer>
</order>
BA 572 - J. Galván
Order
Salesperson
Item
Quantity
Date
Month
Day
Year
Customer
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B2B SOFTWARE AND
SERVICES
E-procurement
Buy-side
Sell-side
Electronic invoice presentment and payment
(EIPP)
Exchange of invoices and payments
EFT
Resembles IBPP
Significant cost reduction potential
BA 572 - J. Galván
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MORE SOFTWARE AND
SERVICES
Logistics integrators
Right stuff, right place, right time
Customer relationship management
(CRM)
Data on customer interactions
Data warehouse
Data mining
BA 572 - J. Galván
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SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT
INTERMEDIARIES
Category
Supplier
Product
Planning and Forecasting
I2 Technologies
Manugistics
SAP
TradeMatrix
NetWorks
APO
Purchasing
Ariba
Commerce One
Oracle
RightWorks
Ariba Sourcing
MarketSet
Supply Chain Exchange
eProcurement
Factory scheduling
Baan
Oracle
QAD
SAP
Baan SCS
Discrete Manufacturing
Supply Chain Optimizer
APO
Order tracking
EXE Technologies
Manhattan Associates
Optum
eFulfillment
MA Fulfill
TradeStream
Market research and
Product design
Agile Software
MatrixOne
PTC
SAP
Agile Anywhere
eMatrix
Windchill
MySAP PLM
BA 572 - J. Galván
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B2B E-MARKETPLACES
Similar to enterprise portal
Categories
Commodity e-marketplace
Business services e-marketplace
Integration services e-marketplace
Financial services and process support
Facilitates process-to-process integration
Vertical and horizontal e-marketplaces
BA 572 - J. Galván
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But consumers need raises!!
I asked for a sign of heaven
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¿Will we get a raise in 2004?
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And heaven answered me….
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“Thanks heaven”
It is very clear for me !!!
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