Transcript Lecture_7-CTTC_20120422

GSM TOWARDS LTE
NETWORKS
Lecture # 6
LTE
Many names ...
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LTE - Long Term Evolution
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Introduction
 eUTRAN
SAE - System Architecture Evolution
 EPS (Evolved Packet System)
LTE/SAE
What is 3GPP?
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3GPP stands for 3rd Generation Partnership Project
It is a partnership of 6 regional SDOs (Standards Development Organizations)
Japan
USA
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These SDOs take 3GPP specifications and transpose them to regional
standards
Towards LTE
LTE Access
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LTE radio access
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Downlink: OFDM
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Uplink: SC-FDMA
OFDMA
SC-FDMA
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Advanced antenna solutions
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Diversity
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Beam-forming
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Multi-layer transmission
(MIMO)
Spectrum flexibility
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Flexible bandwidth
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New and existing bands
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Duplex flexibility: FDD and
TDD
TX
TX
1.4 MHz
20 MHz
Terminology Updates
 EPC = Evolved Packet core (earlier SAE=System Architecture Evolution).
e UTRAN = Evolved UTRAN (earlier LTERAN = Long Term Evolution).
EPS = Evolved Packet Systems including EPC and Terminals.
LTE Offer’s
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Performance and capacity
DL 100 Mbps AND UL 50 Mbps
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Simplicity
Flexible Bandwidths (5Mhz-20Mhz),
FDD and TDD
plug-and-play Devices
self-configuration Devices
self-optimization Devices
LTE (Long Term Evolution)
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Radio Side (LTE – Long Term Evolution)
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Improvements in spectral efficiency, user throughput,
latency
Simplification of the radio network
Efficient support of packet based services
Network Side (SAE – System Architecture
Evolution)
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Improvement in latency, capacity, throughput
Simplification of the core network
Optimization for IP traffic and services
Simplified support and handover to non-3GPP access
technologies
LTE Objectives
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Reduced cost per bit
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Improve spectrum efficiency ( e.g. 2-4 x Rel6)
Reduce cost of backhaul (transmission in UTRAN)
Increased service provisioning – more services at lower cost with
better user experience
Focus on delivery of services utilising ”IP”
Reduce setup time and round trip time
Increase the support of QoS for the various types of services
(e.g. Voice over IP)
Increase peak bit rate (e.g. above 100Mbps DL and above
50Mbps UL)
Allow for reasonable terminal power consumption
Evolution Path Architecture
LTE
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The pay load is to be directed to a
tunnel (eUTRAN)
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Payload goes directly from the
evolved node B to the Gateway
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Control plane is directed at the
Mobility management end.
Core Nodes of LTE
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Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN) - to provide connections for
GERAN (GSM Radio Access Network) and UTRAN Networks (UMTS Terrestrial
Radio Access Network)
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Serving Gateway - to terminate the interface toward the 3GPP radio-access
networks
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PDN Gateway - to control IP data services like routing, addressing, policy enforcing
and providing access to non-3GPP access networks
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Mobility Management Entity (MME) - to manage control plane context,
authentication and authorization
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3GPP anchor - to manage mobility for 2G/3G and LTE systems
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SAE anchor - to manage mobility for non 3GPP RATs
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Policy Control and Charging Rules Function (PCRF) - to manage Quality of
Service (QoS) aspects
From 3GPP to LTE/SAE
Only
PS Domain
shown
The PDN and Serving GW may be
separate nodes in some scenarios
(S5 in-between)
HLR/HSS
IP networks
SGi
PCRF
Gr
S6a
S7
S4
SGSN
S3
MME
S11
PDN GW
Serving GW
S2a/b
S10
Gb
Iu CP
Iu UP
S1-MME
BSC
RNC
S1-U
Iur
eNodeB
BTS
2G
X2
Node B
3G
LTE
PDN Gateway - to control IP data services like routing, addressing,
policy enforcing and providing access to non-3GPP access networks
Non-3GPP access
SAE CN Architecture
MME Functionality
SGi
SGSN
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S3
MME
S4
S11
SAE GW
S10
Roaming (S6a towards home HSS)
S1-MME S1-U
Authentication
SAE GW selection
eNodeB
Idle mode mobility handling
 Tracking Area Update
 Paging
Mobility handling of
 inter-MME (pool) handover (triggered by eNodeB)
 inter-RAT handover (triggered by eNodeB)
QoS “negotiation” with UE and eNodeB
Security
 Ciphering and integrity protection of NAS signalling
 Secure control signalling transport on S1 interface (unless
taken care of by a SEG (Security Gateway))
 O&M security (?)
X2
SAE CN Architecture
SAE GW Functionality
SGi
SGSN
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S3
MME
S4
S11
SAE GW
S10
PDN SAE GW:
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Policy Enforcement
S1-MME S1-U
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Per-user based packet filtering (by e.g. deep packet inspection)
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Charging Support
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User plane anchor point for mobility between 3GPP accesses and non-3GPP accesseseNodeB
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routing of user data towards the S-GW
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Security
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O&M security (?)
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Lawful Intercept
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Serving SAE GW:
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User plane anchor point for inter-eNB handover (within one pool)
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User plane anchor point for inter-3GPP mobility
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routing of user data towards the eNodeB
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routing of user data towards the P-GW
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routing of user data towards the SGSN (2G and 3G) or RNC (3G with “Direct Tunnel”)
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Security
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Secure user data transport on S1 interface (unless taken care of by a SEG (Security
Gateway))
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O&M security (?)
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Lawful Intercept
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The PDN SAE GW and the Serving SAE GW may be implemented in one physical node or
separated physical nodes.
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…
X2
Why LTE/SAE?
Introduction
Driving Factors for LTE/SAE
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Ensuring that 3G is attractive in comparison with
competing technologies (WiFi, WiMax, Flarion, …)
Perception
LTE/SAE architecture
 Competing technologies looks simpler (fewer nodes)
 OPEX (fewer node types to manage)
Significantly increased peak data rate
 Competing technologies provide higher data rates
 End-user experience
Reduced user plane latency
 Necessary to achieve increased data rates
 End-user experience
Significantly reduced control plane latency
 End-user experience
Improved
Performance
(compared to
WCDMA)
LTE – Performance Targets
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High data rates
 Downlink: >100 Mbps
 Uplink: >50 Mbps
 Cell-edge data rates 2-3 x HSPA Rel. 6 (@ 2006)
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Low delay/latency
 User plane RTT: Less than 10 ms ( RAN RTT )
 Channel set-up: Less than 100 ms ( idle-to-active )
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High spectral efficiency
 Targeting 3 X HSPA Rel. 6 (@ 2006 )
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High performance for broadcast services
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Spectrum flexibility
 Operation in a wide-range of spectrum allocations
 Wide range of Bandwidth
 Support for FDD, Half-duplex FDD and TDD Modes
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Cost-effective migration from current/future 3G systems
Introduction
Focus on services from the packet-switched domain !
LTE/SAE Architecture
LTE/SAE Architecture (release 8)
LTE/SAE Architecture
Functional changes compared to the current UMTS Architecture
Moving all RNC functions to the Node B …
…, SGSN CP functions to the MME, and GGSN functions to the SAE GW.
P-GW
S-GW
GGSN
SGSN
(not user plane
functions)
Mobility Management Entity
MME
RNC
Node B / HSPA
PDN GateWay
Serving GateWay
eNodeB
LTE Architecture
MME/UPE
MME/UPE
S1
E-UTRAN
X2
eNB
eNB
X2
X2
eNB
MME/UPE = Mobility Management Entity/User Plane Entity
eNB = eNodeB
Evolved
Packet
EPC
Core
Evolved Packet Switching Network Architecture
P-GW/S-GW
P-GW/S-GW
P-GW/S-GW
P-GW/S-GW
E
Interfaces
P
MME
MME
MME
S11
C
S1-Cp
X2
Gi
E
U
T
R
A
N
LTE NODE B
LTE NODE B
LTE NODE B
LTE NODE B
LTE NODE B
Air Interface
SAE CN Architecture
LTE/SAE Architecture
Main SAE interfaces (non-roaming case)
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S1-MME:
control plane protocol between eNodeB and
MME
S1-U:
user plane tunneling interface between
eNodeB and Serving GW
S5:
user plane tunneling interface between Serving
GW and PDN GW
S8:
user plane tunneling interface between Serving
GW and PDN GW for roaming
S10:
control plane interface between MME and
MME
S11:
control plane interface between MME and
Serving GW.
S4: *)
user plane tunneling interface between SGSN
and PDN GW
S3: *)
control plane interface between MME and
SGSN.
O&M interfaces:
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OSS-RC – MME
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OSS-RC – SAE GW
IP networks
OSS-RC
(SGi)
SGi
SAE GW
S5/S8
S4
SGSN
S3
MME
S11
(in some use
cases only)
SAE GW
S10
S1-MME
S1-U
eNodeB
X2
Note: Interfaces non-3GPP accesses not covered.
2G Towards 3G Networks
IP networks
Only
PS Domain
shown
Gi
HLR
PCRF
Gr
Gn
Gx
Gn
GGSN
SGSN
Gb
Iu
•Policy Control and Charging Rules Function (PCRF) - to
manage Quality of Service (QoS) aspects
BSC
RNC
BTS
Node B
2G
3G
Iur
HSPA (Higher Speed Packet Access)
IP networks
Only
PS Domain
shown
Gi
HLR/HSS
PCRF
Gr
Gx
Gn
GGSN
SGSN
Gb
Iu CP
Iu UP
BSC
RNC
BTS
Node B
2G
Optimizing the
3G/HSPA payload
plane for Broadband
traffic
3G
Iur
10 Mb/s
From 3GPP Release 6 to LTE/SAE
LTE/SAE Architecture
Improving performance with LTE/SAE; 3GPP Release 8
(Additions/changes in red.)
Only
PS Domain
shown
The PDN and Serving GW may be
separate nodes in some scenarios
(S5 in-between)
HLR/HSS
IP networks
SGi
PCRF
Gr
S6a
S7
S4
SGSN
S3
MME
S11
PDN GW
Serving GW
S2a/b
S10
Gb
Iu CP
Iu UP
S1-MME
BSC
RNC
S1-U
Iur
eNodeB
BTS
2G
X2
Node B
3G
LTE
Non-3GPP access
A flat architecture for optimized performance and cost efficiency
LTE/SAE Architecture
LTE/SAE Architecture
Product dimension
PA/DU Core & IMS
IP networks
SGi
HLR/HSS
HLR/HSS
”HLR/HSS”
Gr
PCRF
PCRF
S6a
S7
EPC
S4
SGSN
SGSN
S3
MME
MME
S11
”Mobility Server”S10
Gb
Iu CP
PDN
GW
PDN GW
Serving GW
Serving
GW
”Gateway”
Iu UP
S1-MME
BSC
RNC
Iur
S1-U
RBS
eNodeBB
eNode
BTS
2G
S2a/b
PA/DU Radio
X2
Node B
3G
LTE
OSS
Non-3GPP access
Comparison with Speed
40-100Mbps
Fiber like speed on mobile
+ True high-speed mobile data
+ Full-motion HD video anywhere
+ Stream any content
+ Mobile peer2peer & Web 2.0
EDGE
ADSL
(Networking)
EVDO-A
HSDPA
ADSL-2+
+ Triple play
LTE
Fiber
Mbps
Comparison Cost
+ Spectral efficiency
Better utilization of spectrum available
+ Low frequency, Advanced
Receivers and Smart Antenna
For improved coverage and reduced
cost of ownership
+ Increased Capacity
Much higher user and sector throughput
for lower individual cost service delivery
$
UMTS rel.99 voice call cost
10%
LTE VoIP cost*
Predicted LTE VoIP voice call cost* - Sound Partners Limited Research
+ Simpler RAN, IP Core &
Centralized service delivery
Fewer nodes & interfaces (NodeB/RNC/Gateway)
One Network & IMS for all access
technologies
+ Connect to legacy cores
Existing network asset investment protection
+ 3GPP/2 Market traction
3GPP subscribers
85% market share
Economy of scale
Response Time
10-5msec
latency
Highly Responsive Multimedia
+ Improved user experience
+ Fast VoIP call set-up
+ Instantaneous web pages
+ Streaming fast buffering
EDGE
ADSL
EVDO-A
HSDPA
ADSL-2+
LTE
Fiber
+ Online mobile gaming
LTE Time Line
Mobile broadband speed evolution
LTE Evolution
LTE
HSPA Evolution
HSPA
3G- R’99
Peak rate
384 kbps
2002
3.6 Mbps
2005
7/14 Mbps
2007
21/28/42 Mbps
~150 Mbps
Target
1 Gbps
2008/2009
2009
2013
www.lte.yolasite.com
 Thanks