Transcript Force and Motion!

Force and Motion!
Science Chapter 11
Study Guide
Vocabulary Words
to Know
What is acceleration?
• A change of speed OR direction of an object’s
motion
What are balanced forces?
• Forces that cancel each other out when acting
together on a single object
What is a compound machine?
• A combination of two or more simple
machines
What is gravity?
• The force of attraction, or pull, between
objects
What is kinetic energy?
• The energy an object has because it is
moving
What are newtons?
• A metric unit for weight, measuring an amount
of force
What is potential energy?
• The energy that is stored inside an object
What is speed?
• The distance traveled in an amount of time
What are unbalanced forces?
• Forces that do not cancel each other out
when acting together on a single object
What is velocity?
• The speed and direction of a moving object
Information You Need
to Know
Scissors are an example of a
compound machine.
Friction is a force that works
against motion.
You can determine speed by
dividing the distance traveled by
the time spent moving.
Energy can change from
potential to kinetic.
Work is a force used to move an
object a certain distance
Essay Questions
Fossil fuels play a major role in the
development of electrical energy. Why is
electrical energy so important?
• Electrical energy is a necessary part of
everyday life. Without it, it would be much
harder to keep food cold, read at night, listen
to music, or do research at the computer.
List two or more simple machines from
daily life. How would the world be different
without these simple machines?
• A sea-saw is a lever. We would not be able to
play on a sea-saw at the playground.
• A flag raiser on a flag pole is a pulley. We
would not be able to raise a flag as easily
without it.
• A can opener is a wheel and axle. We would
not be able to open some cans without it.
Energy is constantly changed from one
form to another. Give an example of a
household object that transforms energy.
• A lamp transforms electrical energy into light
energy.
• A stove transforms electrical energy into
thermal energy.
• A blender transforms electrical energy into
mechanical energy.
What happens to the energy in a bicycle as
it moves slowly up a hill? What happens to
it as it starts to move down the other side of
the hill?
• As a bicycle moves up the hill, it stores
energy. This is called potential energy.
• As a bicycle starts to move down the other
side of the hill, the energy is transferred into
kinetic energy and the bicycle moves very
quickly.
Interpreting Data
A speed skater is racing around a track; compete the chart
below with a description of what is happening
She pushes her feet against the ice
to gain momentum.
Force
After she crosses the finish line she
stops her feet, but she still moves
forward.
Inertia
She moves to the left as the track
curves.
Acceleration
After a while she leans back onto
the rough section of her skate’s
blades and stops moving.
Friction