Transcript TCP/IP Suite

TCP/IP Suite
Transmission Control Protocol/
Internet Protocol
Presentation by Chandra Porchia
ARPANET

Army Research Projects Agency (ARPA)
*Created ARPANET in the 1960’s
*Predecessor to the Internet
*First Packet-Switching Network
Department of Defense

In the 1970’s the Army along with Military
Contractors and Universities began to
develop computer Networks

In the 1980’s TCP/IP was developed as a
collection of Internet Protocols
TCP/IP Suite

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet
Protocol Suite
– Main Components
» IP: Internet Protocol
» TCP: Transmission Control Protocol
» UDP: User Datagram Protocol
Internet Protocol (IP)

The unifying Protocol of the TCP/IP Suite
for packets of data sent through out the
Internet.
IP
Low level Protocol
 Responsible for moving packets across the
Internet
 Primary job is to route datagram to its
destination
 Connectionless Protocol

IP Functionality
Divides messages into datagrams (packets)
 Routes Message
 Adds Header Information

–
–
–
–
Source Address
Destination Address
Protocol Number
Checksum
IP Disadvantages
Unreliable delivery
 Sends messages out of sequence
 Does not guarantee integrity of data
 Messages may be duplicated
 Messages may never arrive
 Messages may arrive at the wrong
destination

Transmission Control Protocol
Connection Orientated Protocol
 Depends on IP to route message
 Reliable byte-stream transfer service
between endpoints
 Primary job is to guarantee delivery of
message to proper destination

TCP Functionality
Provides protection against data loss, data
corruption, and data duplication
 Reassembles packets
 Reorders packets
 Maintains connection with endpoint until
message is delivered
 Minimizes packets loss

TCP Functionality Continued
 Keeps
track of packets sent
 Retransmits data
 Adds Header Information
Port Number
Sequence Number
Checksum
Source/Destination Address
TCP Disadvantages
High over head
 Slower than UDP

User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
Connectionless Protocol
 High level Protocol
 Fast Delivery
 Depends on IP for sending data

UDP Functionality
Alternative to TCP
 Used with applications that don’t require
datagrams to be sequenced
 Guarantees integrity of data
 Queues data before sending
 Capable of handling large amounts of data
 Fast

UDP Functionality Continued

Adds Header Information
–
–
–
–
Port Number
Checksum
Source Port
Destination Port
UDP Disadvantages
Unreliable delivery
 Unable to track data sent
 Receiving application must assure
reliability of data transfer
 Messages can be lost, received out of
sequence, and duplicated

Summary
TCP/IP is a collection of Protocols
 Descendant of ARPANET
 IP routes data to its destination
 TCP controls the flow of data and ensures
reliable delivery
 UDP provides fast delivery of data without
the overhead of TCP
