Transcript e-Business - CyberStrategies, Inc

E-Business
William R. Mussatto
CyberStrategies, Inc.
[email protected]
12/2/2000
Topics
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What is E-Business?
E-Commerce
Customer Relationship Management
Supply Chain Management
Business Intelligence
Defining the Problem
• What must businesses communicate?
– Status, orders, general information,
advertisement.
• With whom must they communicate?
– Customers, internally, with other businesses.
• Before the Internet, how did they
communicate?
– Dedicated lines, VANs, ship media, phone/fax.
E-Business Definitions
• IBM Definition:
– The transformation of key business processes
through the use of Internet technologies.
• My Definition:
– The enabling and creation of key business
processes through the use of Internet
technologies.
Definitions
• Enabling and Transforming
Communications between ...
– businesses and customers
– businesses and trading partners
• suppliers, partners
• Enabling and Transforming Exchange of
Goods and Services
– transactions, information
Internet Concepts and
Technologies
• Internet -- short for Internetworking
– a network of networks
– TCP/IP
• Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol
– vendor independent
– shared public infrastructure
• not owned by anyone
• Loosely Cooperative
– best effort delivery
TCP/IP Overview
• TCP / IP = Transmission Control Protocol /
Internet Protocol
• Early 1970s
– ARPANET
• Distributed with UC Berkeley UNIX in
Early 1980s
• Public Domain, Non-Proprietary, Open
Source
OSI 7-Layer Reference Model
Application
Application
Presentation
Presentation
Session
Session
Transport
Transport
Network
Network
Network
Data Link
Data Link
Data Link
Physical
Physical
Physical
Router’s/Switches effect this.
TCP/IP Overview
Five Layer Model
• Application
– includes OSI Application, Presentation, and
Session layers
• Transport (TCP / UDP)
• Network (IP)
– datagrams / packets
• Data Link
• Physical
TCP/IP Overview
• Packet Switching
– datagrams
• Nodes
– hosts
• end-user machines
• clients or servers
– routers
• connecting different networks
The “Net”
Company A
World Comm
Network
PSI Network
Company B
TCP/IP Overview
• Connection-Oriented
– TCP
– reliable two-way, byte stream protocol
• Connectionless
– UDP = User Datagram Protocol
• also known as the “Unreliable Datagram Protocol”
TCP/IP Overview
Common Application Protocols
• HTTP: HyperText Transfer Protocol
– the Web
• FTP: File Transfer Protocol
– uploading and downloading files
• SMTP: Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
– email
• POP: Post Office Protocol
– email
Internet Protocols
Layers
Layer
Application
Protocols
Telnet
(login)
Transport
HTTP FTP
(web) (files)
TCP
Network
Datalink
DNS
NTP
NFS
(names) (time) (files)
UDP
IP
Ethernet
ISO 8802-2
IEEE
802.3
Physical
SMTP
(mail)
X.25
IEEE
802.5
Various
SLIP
PPP
Internet Concepts and
Technologies
• Douglas Comer’s Animations
– http://www.netbook.cs.purdue.edu/index.htm
– some topics are too detailed
The Web
Some Key Acronyms
• HTTP: HyperText Transfer Protocol
– rules for exchanging multimedia files
– request / response
– stateless (memoryless)
• workaround: cookies
• HTML: HyperText Markup Language
– web documents
• XML: eXtensible Markup Language
– very important for B2B communications
The Web
URIs / URLs
• URI: Uniform Resource Identifier
• URL: Uniform Resource Locator
– uniquely identifies resource and method to
access it over the web
• Two Forms of URLs
– absolute
– relative to some known base URL
The Web
URIs / URLs
• Absolute
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–
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http: “//” host [: port] [abs_path]
http://www.csz.com:80/ucr/iep/index.htm
ftp://myhost.yahoo.com/memos/memo2.doc
file://memos/memo2.doc
• Relative
– just the [abs_path] portion
How the Web Communicates
• Methods
– GET, HEAD must be supported
– POST
• for sending data back to server
• although GET can also be used indirectly to pass
parameter information back to the server
• Examples
– http://www.fascinating-olds.com/idc/detail.idc?
productid=228
The Web
Security
• Basic Authentication
– .htaccess files (Unix)
• Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)
– https
– RSA Encryption
• public key / private key
• Patent expires shortly.
– not really part of HTTP
The Web
HTML
• Main Tags
– <html> </html> starts HTML stream
– <head> </head> delimits HEAD of document
– <title> </title> title that appears at top of
browser frame
– <body> </body> delimits document BODY
– <a href=“…URL…”>Text</a> creates a
hyperlink
– <img src=“…”> inserts an image into a file
Class Problem
• How could a realtor obtain initial
authorization for a loan from a house?
– Internet access is available.
– Persons seeking the loan have all sufficient
paperwork to prove who they are and have
proper bank references.
– Take about 10 minutes.